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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
Heparin does not appear to improve overall outcomes when used for ischemic stroke or within the first 2 weeks of a cardioembolic stroke. (SOR B, extrapolated from meta-analyses of multiple heparinoids.)
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between personality traits and longevity. METHODS: Using the Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey, personality traits were assessed in 2359 participants (38% women; age = 17 to 98 years, mean = 50...
The controversy surrounding the dead donor rule and the adequacy of neurological criteria for death continues unabated. However, despite disagreement on fundamental theoretical questions, I argue that there is significant (but not...
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) may lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures in patients with primary hypertension, but is not recommended as an antihypertensive treatment (SOR: C, systematic review of low-quality RCTs using disease-oriented...
The number of women participating in resistance training has increased from 14.4% in 1994 to 21.0% in 2010 (418). Resistance training is known to enhance body composition (20); however, the effects of an acute bout of resistance exercise...
The Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA) states that an individual is dead when "all functions of the entire brain" have ceased irreversibly. However, it has been questioned whether some functions of the hypothalamus, particularly...
BACKGROUND: Frailty syndrome is a geriatric medical condition characterized by diminished muscular strength and endurance, weight loss, and weakened physiologic function. Frailty syndrome tends to manifest itself amongst morbidities and, ...
Background: Female aesthetic athletes strive to attain an ideal body image for their sports. Dancers in particular pose an addition issue in that they are performing artists and are often not considered athletes. The physical demands...
Previous studies investigating the effects of high altitude (1500 – 3500 m) exposure on energy balance demonstrate various physiological adaptations that support negative energy balance, such as increases in resting metabolic rate and...
BACKGROUND: The growth in popularity of women's soccer has led to an increased interest in the physical, physiological, and technical demands for these athletes. To meet these demands, optimal preparation and recovery are necessary. One...
Associations among personality as measured by the Five Factor Model, physical activity, and muscle strength were assessed using data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (N = 1220, age: mean = 58, SD = 16). General linear...
Background: The nutrient content and fluid retentive capacity of chocolate milk (CM) is beneficial for most athletes. However, nighttime consumption of CM has an unknown impact on next morning endurance performance and hydration status....
BACKGROUND: It is well-documented that ingesting carbohydrate prior to exercise attenuates fat oxidation. However, it is yet to be established whether this effect is primarily the result of alterations in the mobilization of free fatty...
Pre-sleep protein has been shown to improve overnight muscle protein synthesis, muscle size and strength, and muscle recovery. However, all pre-sleep protein studies to date have utilized dairy-based protein sources. There is currently a...
Recommended first-line antibiotic therapy for community-acquired (CA) pneumonia is 5 days of a macrolide in adults and 3 to 5 days of amoxicillin in children. (SOR: C, based on consensus guidelines.) In otherwise healthy adults, there is...
Women who smoke, have hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or factor V Leiden deficiency and take oral contraception (OC) are at increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Third-generation OCs and low-dose OCs are not associated with...
Personality traits and cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults are reliable predictors of health and longevity. We examined the association between personality traits and energy expenditure at rest (basal metabolic rate) and during...
Previous research suggests that strict rest following a concussion may prolong symptom presentation, but rest is still one of the most common treatments. Aerobic exercise has effectively reduced symptom burden and exercise intolerance in...
The goals of this cross-sectional study were to explore correlates of walking speed in a large wide age-ranged population and to identify factors affecting lower walking speed at older ages. Participants were 3, 872 community-dwelling...
This study examines the association between personality traits and bruxism, the repetitive grinding or clenching of teeth. Community-dwelling participants (N = 470) had a comprehensive oral examination by a dentist and completed a dental...
Background: Obesity is an ongoing socio-economic worldwide epidemic and major modifiable risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which continues to be the main determinant of all-cause mortality. A potential mechanism by which obesity...
Although cognition declines with age, cancer may increase that decline, either through cancer treatment or decreased quality of life (QOL) accompanied with increased anxiety and depression. Cross-sectional research shows that more active...
In this paper I analyze and critique Gert's views on death, tracing the evolution of his ideas throughout his career. I argue that the definitions-criteria-tests framework that he and his colleagues introduced, along with their approach...
The present research addressed fundamental questions about the visual perspective of autobiographical memories: Are stable personality characteristics associated with visual perspective? Does visual perspective influence the memory's...
Cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and respiratory fluoroquinolones are recommended for influenza-associated pneumonia. Oseltamivir and zanamivir can be used to reduce viral shedding in hospitalized patients with influenza, with or without...
Purpose. The primary purpose was to determine the effect of sleep time on performance during a 3-day multistage ultra-endurance triathlon (stage 1: 10km swim, 144.8km bike; stage 2: 275.8km bike; stage 3: 84.4km run). Methods. Eighteen...
The human cardiac troponin I (hcTnI) mutation R145W has been associated with restrictive cardiomyopathy. In this study, simultaneous measurements of ATPase activity and force in skinned papillary fibers from hcTnI R145W transgenic mice ...
Breast cancer survivors (BCS) encounter side effects from cancer treatments that negatively affect muscular strength and body composition, particularly the loss of lean mass. Studies have shown that resistance training (RT) can maintain...
Calcitonin has been shown to improve acute pain at rest in patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures, when compared with placebo, and reduce the use of other analgesic medications (SOR A, based on a meta-analysis of randomized...
PURPOSE: Diving operations may require personnel to be immersed for extended periods while breathing compressed air or 100% O2. The main objective of this study was to investigate the physiological effects of single and repetitive diving...
Background: Skeletal muscle is highly responsive to exercise training stresses, resulting in specific performance improvements based on the type of training undertaken (66, 119). Among all the variations of exercise training there are...
A large body of evidence links antagonism-related traits with cardiovascular outcomes, but less is known about how psychological traits are associated with intermediate markers of cardiovascular disease. Using a large, community-based...
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of epilepsy in adults, and patients with TLE often suffer from seizures refractory to antiepileptic drugs. A deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of TLE is critical for...
Robotic assistive devices hold enormous promise for augmenting and rehabilitating human locomotion (e.g. exoskeletons). Existing control techniques for lower-body exoskeletons, however, take significant time to design and tune because...
BACKGROUND: Nutrient timing is an effective means of augmenting endurance exercise training and performance. Previous studies report that pre-exercise feeding can influence exercise metabolism up to 4 hours post-prandial. However, this...
College students (N=3, 435) in 26 cultures reported their perceptions of age-related changes in physical, cognitive, and socioemotional areas of functioning and rated societal views of aging within their culture. There was widespread...
While the overall survival rate for breast cancer has improved, breast cancer survivors (BCS) are still left with the negative side effects from cancer treatments that affect body composition. Cancer treatment side effects can cause a...
The Effects of Resistance Training and Protein Supplementation on Body Composition, Muscular Strength, and Physical Function in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Patients
BACKGROUND: Approximately 5-6% of older individuals ≥75 years of age will develop aortic stenosis and require aortic valve replacement via transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Due to most patients not surviving ≥5 years post...
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality in United States (US) [1], and the inevitable process of aging, or one's age, remains the primary unmodifiable risk factor and independent predictor of CVD...
Introduction: Heat stress is responsible for increases in all-cause mortality and results in thousands of deaths globally each year. These deaths occur both through active means (e.g. exertional heat stroke) and passive means (e.g. heat...
A thorough understanding of the physiology of elasmobranchs (sharks, skates, and rays) is important from an applied aspect as most species are captured either directly or indirectly in commercial and recreational fisheries, or affected...
Adiponectin is a protein hormone most commonly produced by adipose tissue that has been found to play an important role in regulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype. In this dissertation we hypothesize that adiponectin...
Introduction: Due to the high metabolic demand of sport, it is essential that athletes meet their caloric need to support training, recovery, and muscle growth. Consuming protein before sleep may have positive effects on sleep, overnight...
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death, with age being the strongest predictor of cardiovascular health. Age-related changes to the vasculature such as endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening are believed to...
There is a well-established relationship between the olfactory and the endocrine systems. At the center of this relationship sits the olfactory bulb, which acts as a relay station for the sense of smell. In fact, neurons in the olfactory...
Aging is associated with decreased synthesis and increased degradation of muscle, bone, and connective tissue, leading to decrements in body wide structure and function. This depression in tissue turnover can lead to sarcopenia in...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces acute alterations in cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation and cerebral artery contractility, which increases the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases, as well as ischemic and hemorrhagic...
Introduction: The popularity of endurance events has grown recently with an increased number of participants who have an elevated body fat percentage. The influence of chronic endurance training on adipose tissue physiology in these...
Hypogonadism contributes to limb skeletal muscle atrophy by increasing rates of muscle protein breakdown. Androgen depletion increases markers of the autophagy-mediated protein breakdown pathway that persist throughout the diurnal cycle....
Sammy Tubbs, a little African-American boy becomes a doorman to a physician and is given a pet monkey. Through their misadventures and exploits are woven lessons in anatomy and physiology.
Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
