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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
Heparin does not appear to improve overall outcomes when used for ischemic stroke or within the first 2 weeks of a cardioembolic stroke. (SOR B, extrapolated from meta-analyses of multiple heparinoids.)
The Effects of Guided Imagery and HRV Biofeedback Training on Psychological Variables and Post-Operative Outcome Measures of Orthopaedic Surgical Patients
Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is comprised of a range of therapeutic modalities and atypical practices which have been found to successfully accompany standard medical care. Interventions such as guided imagery and stress...
Three troponin T (TnT) mutants that cause hypertrophic, restrictive, and dilated cardiomyopathy (I79N, ΔE96, and ΔK210, respectively), were examined using the thin-filament extraction/reconstitution technique. Effects of Ca(2+), ATP, ...
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), cognitive-behavioral stress reduction (CBSR), and somatic relaxation are all effective therapies for psychosocial stress. Exercise also reduces stress and improves mental health (SOR B, based on...
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between personality traits and longevity. METHODS: Using the Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey, personality traits were assessed in 2359 participants (38% women; age = 17 to 98 years, mean = 50...
Background: Nighttime eating, particularly before bed, has received considerable media attention in recent years. The common thought was to avoid caloric intake post-dinner and pre-sleep due to worries of weight gain and a negative...
This dissertation tests if fetal loss can be applied as an extension of prior literature on the weathering hypothesis. To do so, this study extends upon the weathering hypothesis: the observation that blacks experience substantially...
Large-volume protein crystals are a prerequisite for neutron diffraction studies and their production represents a bottleneck in obtaining neutron structures. Many protein crystals that permit the collection of high-resolution X-ray...
Chromatin structure plays a critical role in the regulation of the human genome. An understanding of the role of chromatin structure and its relationship to gene regulation is critical to developing new strategies to prevent and treat...
This is a book review essay, using Daniel Callahan's 2009 book, Taming the Beloved Beast: How Medical Technology Costs Are Destroying Our Health Care System, as the jumping off point. Kapp takes strong issue with Callahan's proposal...
Lycopene is an unsaturated carotenoid that provides fruits and vegetables with a natural red pigment. Lycopene is predominately found in tomatoes, watermelon, papaya, and grapefruit. Lycopene has eleven linear conjugated bonds allowing...
The answer remains unclear. Nasal salmon calcitonin is effective for analgesia of vertebral compression fractures (SOR A, based on a systematic review of randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Although percutaneous vertebroplasty is...
Osteoporosis and its associated fractures are common complications of aging and most strategies to prevent and/or treat bone loss focused on antiresorptive medications. However, aerobic exercise (AEX) and/or whole-body vibration (WBV)...
Fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) is an angiogenic factor with therapeutic potential for the treatment of ischemic disease. FGF-1 has low intrinsic thermostability and is characteristically formulated with heparin as a stabilizing agent...
A decrease in dietary fat does not alter the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, or cardiovascular disease (CVD) in postmenopausal women (SOR: B, based on a single RCT), nor does it significantly alter CHD in women aged 30 to...
The controversy surrounding the dead donor rule and the adequacy of neurological criteria for death continues unabated. However, despite disagreement on fundamental theoretical questions, I argue that there is significant (but not...
A chronically elevated white blood cell (WBC) count is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. The present research tests whether facets of impulsivity-impulsiveness, excitement-seeking, self-discipline, and deliberation-are...
Brain dead organ donors are the principal source of transplantable organs. However, it is controversial whether brain death is the same as biological death. Therefore, it is unclear whether organ removal in brain death is consistent with...
AIMS: This article provides a brief review of recent cross-cultural research on personality traits at both individual and culture levels, highlighting the relevance of recent findings for psychiatry. METHOD: In most cultures around the...
How Safe and Effective is Pramlintide in Improving Long-Term Glycemic Control and Weight Loss in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Insulin?
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has paralleled the sharp increase in obesity. Given its tremendous physical, emotional, and financial burden, it is of critical importance to identify who is most at risk and the potential points of...
As medicine progresses and the population ages neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Alzheimer's disease, begin to become more and more prevalent. In order to treat these devastating disorders it is important...
BACKGROUND: Personality traits are considered risk factors for drug use, and, in turn, the psychoactive substances impact individuals' traits. Furthermore, there is increasing interest in developing treatment approaches that match an...
OBJECTIVE: Personality traits underlie maladaptive behaviors, and cognitive and emotional disturbances that contribute to major preventable causes of global disease burden. This study examines detailed personality profiles of underweight...
The risk of recurrence of inguinal hernia is reduced by the use of synthetic mesh, but does not depend on the specific surgical procedure. Compared with the open approach, laparoscopy requires a longer operation (15 minutes longer on...
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) may lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures in patients with primary hypertension, but is not recommended as an antihypertensive treatment (SOR: C, systematic review of low-quality RCTs using disease-oriented...
This study examines perceptions of the "typical American" from 49 cultures around the world. Contrary to the ethnocentric bias hypothesis, we found strong agreement between in-group and out-group ratings on the American profile ...
The authors examined age trends in the 5 factors and 30 facets assessed by the Revised NEO Personality Inventory in Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging data (N=1, 944; 5, 027 assessments) collected between 1989 and 2004. Consistent with...
The Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA) states that an individual is dead when "all functions of the entire brain" have ceased irreversibly. However, it has been questioned whether some functions of the hypothalamus, particularly...
Human Biological Materials (HBM) come from individuals in a variety of circumstances. The use of HBM for research purposes raises a host of difficult ethical questions. The law is important in this arena because, in most cases, legal...
Introduction. Aging involves in a series of deterioration including: brain shrinkage (e.g. loss of neurons and plasticity) and declines in cognitive and physical functions (e.g. memory loss, reduced gait and balance, and loss of muscle...
The authors examined associations between 5-factor personality traits and retirement in a diverse community sample. Longitudinal analyses (n = 367) compared personality trajectories of participants who remained employed and participants...
Earlier cross-cultural research on replicability of the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) suggested that personality trait structure is universal, but a recent study using an Italian translation has challenged this position....
Some older individuals lack sufficient present cognitive and/or emotional ability to make and express autonomous decisions personally. In those situations, health care providers routinely turn to available formal or informal surrogates...
In a community-dwelling sample (N = 4, 790; age range 14-94), we examined whether personality traits prospectively predicted performance on a verbal fluency task. Open, extraverted, and emotionally stable participants had better verbal...
A central question of evolutionary biology concerns the study of evolvability. A growing body of theory implicates the pattern of genetic effect interactions underlying a trait, referred to as the genetic architecture of a trait, as an...
There is an increasing incidence of dementia, depression and other affective disorders, delirium, and other mental health problems such as psychoses among older individuals in the United States. Because the severity of mental illness, in...
BACKGROUND: Kallikrein 6 (KLK6) is a newly identified member of the kallikrein family of secreted serine proteases that prior studies indicate is elevated at sites of central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and which shows regulated...
The Joel-Cohen skin incision is associated with less fever, pain, analgesic use, and blood loss, as well as shorter surgeries and hospital stays when compared with the Pfannenstiel skin incision (SOR: A, based on a systematic review)....
In male hamsters mating behavior is dependent on sufficient androgens and chemosensory input from the main olfactory and vomeronasal systems, whose central pathways contain cell bodies and fibers of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)...
Music Therapy for Eating Disorders: A Manual for the Use of Music Therapy as an Integrative Therapy for the Treatment of Individuals with Eating Disorders
An eating disorder is a psychological disorder that affects one’s eating habits. According to a 2011 study, approximately 20 million women and 10 million men in the United States suffer from a clinical eating disorder at some point in...
CONTEXT: Recent studies have shown an association between cigarettes per day (CPD) and a nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism in CHRNA5, rs16969968. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the association between rs16969968 and smoking...
While evidence from mouse models strongly suggests that prenatal nicotine exposure supports a hyperactive-inattentive phenotype following direct exposure in utero via maternal circulation (Zhu et al 2014), there is little evidence that...
The laparoscopic onlay patch repair is associated with less recurrence, shorter hospital stay, lower wound morbidity, and lower postoperative pain when compared with open suture repair. (SOR B, based on a single cohort study.) Open...
Associations among personality as measured by the Five Factor Model, physical activity, and muscle strength were assessed using data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (N = 1220, age: mean = 58, SD = 16). General linear...
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