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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
An Expert-Performance Approach to the Study of the Development of Understanding during Complex Learning: Capturing the Development of Understanding of the 8-Puzzle and Its Mechanism
The question of "what is better understanding during complex learning" has intrigued researchers in different fields of psychology and education for decades. However, it has been difficult to study and monitor the development of...
Informing a test taker about the presence of MMPI-2 validity scales has been shown to facilitate one's ability to dissimulate while simultaneously eluding test invalidation (Baer & Sekirnjak, 1997; Baer & Wetter, 1997; Baer, Wetter, &...
Introduction: The purpose of this study is to examine the connection between culture and psychopathology to determine if, belongingness and burdensomeness are more predictive of suicidality risk than multicultural inclusiveness, African...
Leaders often are faced with making difficult decisions for their group, such as when a course of action preferred by group members conflicts with one that is likely to optimize group outcomes. Across five studies, I provide evidence...
The Confederate flag is a symbol rich with meaning. While public debate has focused largely on which perception of the Confederate flag is the most appropriate, it is equally important to understand the consequences of being exposed to...
The aim of the present study was twofold, to attempt to reduce false memories with the experimental manipulation of giving feedback; and to assess factors that potentially increase suggestibility to false memories, such as stress. In...
Fluency is the ease of processing information, and is commonly seen as a component of familiarity. The major evidence that fluency is a basis for familiarity is a paradigm where fluency is manipulated by briefly priming participants with...
Suicide and depression are serious and growing public health problems. Despite their substantial global health burden, relatively few interventions have been found to be efficacious at preventing these conditions. The aims of the current...
This study examined whether pre-service teachers demonstrated bias when presented with reading assessment results in graphical form accompanied by a description of pseudo-students that differed across three achievement levels (low, ...
Common stereotypes contend that boys have more natural ability and interest in math than do girls, which may contribute to the underrepresentation of women in some Science, Technology, Engineering and Math fields. Research suggests that...
Schwartz et al. (2002) proposed that individuals who approach decisions with the goal of maximizing (selecting the best possible option) as opposed to satisficing (selecting the first "good enough" option encountered) suffer from...
The present research suggests that people's bodily states affect their beliefs about free will. The more intensely people felt sexual desire, physical tiredness, and the need to urinate, the less they believed in free will (Study 1)....
The self-help literature avidly promotes the use of positive self-statements to boost self-esteem and mood; however, recent research provides evidence that positive self-statements may be harmful to people with low self-esteem. Prior...
This study examined affective instability in Borderline Personality Disorder using the as a direct physiological index of emotional reactivity and regulation. Based upon Marsha Linehan's (1993) theory regarding fundamental deficits in...
Numerous theories of suicide converge on the importance of hopelessness as a crucial factor driving suicidal desire. Recent theories of suicide including the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (ITS) and the ideation-to-action framework...
How Ethnic Identification Attitudes and Acculturative Stress Interact to Predict Suicide & Eating Disorder Symptomatology in Individuals of African Descent
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between culture and psychopathology to determine if proposed psychological risk factors (i.e., ethnic identification and acculturative stress) are predictive of several key mental...
Known as the belief about the malleability of intelligence, the concept of intelligence mindset has been embraced by the United States education system and abroad. Specifically, some research suggests that growth mindset (i.e., belief...
Research supports that gay males may be at increased risk for eating disorders compared to heterosexual males, establishing a need to develop and empirically evaluate programs to reduce risk for this population. The present study...
The comorbidity of Cluster B personality disorders (PDs) and substance use disorders (SUDs) is well established but factors underlying their relationship are less well understood. This study examined the role of higher-order personality...
Categorically-based systems for assessing personality disorders (PDs) have been criticized on a number of grounds, including arbitrary cutoffs for diagnosis, heterogeneity among presentations of the same PD, overuse of PD not otherwise...
Converging evidence suggests that acute states of overarousal (namely, agitation, insomnia, and nightmares) are commonly observed prior to near-lethal or lethal suicidal behavior. Yet, there has been very little research evaluating...
In the current research, factors indicating a potential vulnerability to threat were shown to promote functionally adaptive biases during group categorization. White participants who held strong beliefs about vulnerability to...
Memory for individual negative items, such as words and pictures, is consistently superior to memory for individual neutral items; however, recent research has found that relational memory for pairs of negative items is not enhanced...
Problematic anger is a phenomenon that is highly relevant to a number of psychological disorders and health outcomes yet remains under-studied and is often misunderstood. Although the field has largely rejected the value of cathartic...
Research has repeatedly shown that the total number of hours college students spend studying for their courses is a poor predictor of measures of student performance. Two studies used questionnaires to examine alternative measures of...
In view of recent findings regarding the multiple associations between rumination with depression as well as anxiety, the purpose of this study was to determine whether associations of rumination with internalizing symptoms is reflective...
The author examined Hammen's (1991) model of stress generation in depression in a college population, with emphasis on passive coping as a mechanism of stress generation. The longitudinal sample included 202 participants. Stressful event...
Sensation seeking is a facet of impulsivity that leads individuals to seek out novel and provocative experiences for the sake of taking part in that experience. Sensation seeking, which has been found to be at least partially based in...
Environmental factors are thought to influence interpretation and endorsement of symptoms of psychopathology. The sociocultural model of anxiety in African American (AA) adults identifies culturally-embedded beliefs and attitudes as...
Study 1 examined whether the belief that "emaciation is beautiful" may contribute to anorexia nervosa (AN) symptom severity. Findings suggest that compared to non-eating disordered women, AN women are more likely to associate emaciation...
Staff who aid teachers in classrooms for children with special needs are not always well prepared for their jobs. Oftentimes in-service training is offered and no follow up on their behavior or improvement is noted. This lack of training...
Background: The authors examined Hammen's (1991) model of stress generation in depression in a Black adolescent population. Methods: The longitudinal sample of 1766 participants entered the study at ages 13-19. Stressful event and...
The goal of this study was to fill gaps in the literature on the consistent and significant link between seasonality and suicide, specifically with regard to recent suicide attempts and deaths in the United States. To accurately...
Males die by suicide 3.6 times more frequently than females (Kochanek et al., 2016), but attempt suicide less frequently than females (Canetto & Sakinofsky, 1998). Few theoretical models have been proffered for understanding sex...
The effect of perceived criticism from others is one potentially important risk factor for suicide that has received scant attention, despite decades of research on the role of criticism in the treatment and course of mental illnesses...
Variability and level of self-esteem have been associated with risk for depression, but the mechanisms behind this association have not been elaborated. The current study hypothesized that variable self-esteem would be associated with...
In light of dual-process models of social cognition, relationship scientists have utilized measures designed to bypass deliberative processing in order to capture spouses' more automatic attitudes about their partners and their...
Recent research on alcohol-placebo manipulations has challenged the traditional notion that consumption of placebo beverages reliably results in decreased performance on a variety of tasks due to assumption of an intoxicated role....
Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often consume alcohol when attempting to cope with their negative affective states. However, it is not definitively known what accounts for the association between BPD symptoms and...
The influence of sex and ethnic differences on the accuracy and bias in children's perceived acceptance is an area of research that has generally been overlooked and is important to investigate because such differences may help determine...
Previous research has found that social exclusion leads people to be wary of others yet motivated to reestablish social connections. However, most research has focused on how social exclusion affects responses to strangers. The current...
Recent research suggests that intentional forgetting can lead to increases in false recollection, while manipulations of unintentional forgetting may cause decreases in false recollection. Kimball and Bjork (2002) demonstrated that list...
The depletion of self-regulation may lead to poorer impulse control and an inability to control actions that may be detrimental to one's livelihood, such as drinking and driving. To date, few studies have examined the impact of self...
The current study examined one key aspect of Linehan's (1993) biosocial theory; namely, that a combination of a highly emotional temperament with the experience of repeated emotional invalidation (the punishment of a person's subjective...
Two core dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), harm avoidance and incompleteness, have been proposed to underlie overt symptom subtypes (Summerfeldt, 2004). Foa, Abramowitz, Franklin and Kozak (1999) have found that patients...
Feeling powerful or powerless can affect the manner in which one processes persuasive appeals. Previous research suggests that people who lack power tend to engage in careful, deliberate forms of cognition. In contrast, high power has...
Psychophysiology research pertaining to affective processing has commonly utilized experimental tasks that present pictures of emotional salience in addition to non-emotional content pictures. The most common picture set used in...
The current study sought to examine the effects of a multi-session computerized interpretation bias modification (IBM) program designed to reduce hostile interpretation biases in individuals with elevated levels of trait anger. Fifty...
The present study examined whether or not differential MMPI-2 profile elevations would appear between African American and Caucasian incarcerated women. MANOVAs followed by discriminant function analyses found support for differential...
Reliance on self-reported screening for suicide risk may be contributing to a lack of progress in suicide prevention, in part, because of limitations related to stigma, ambivalence, and deception in responding. One change to potentially...
Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
