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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
The official nosology of psychiatric disorders (DSM-5) includes a primarily dimensional operationalization of personality pathology, the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD), in its latest edition. The present study...
Activity-based anorexia (ABA) in an animal model of anorexia nervosa, in which rats are allowed free access to running wheels but only 2 h food access per day. Rats exposed to this paradigm display symptoms similar to those seen in...
Background: As suicide rates have continued to rise, suicide prevention efforts turned toward identifying factors through which initial onset of suicidal ideation (SI) transitions to attempted suicide. Evidence suggests that when...
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a prevalent and impairing condition, particularly among trauma exposed individuals. The current proposal aimed to address the critical need for targeted direct SUD prevention in this population by...
An abundance of research has focused on clients' expectations regarding psychotherapy, yet there is still little consensus regarding the implications of that research. One of the primary problems associated with past research on therapy...
Background: Suicide is a major public health concern. To facilitate treatment and prevention efforts, prior research has focused on the identification of a small set of factors that might differentiate between ideators and attempters....
Although social support variables have long been associated with psychological well-being, and in particular, depressive symptoms, few studies have examined the causal association between social support and depressive symptoms. The...
Development of the central nervous system is guided by patterns of molecular expression and by cellular interactions. One important component of the cellular interactions that guide development of neural pathways relates to the...
The purpose of this research study is to develop the Eating Behaviors and Attitudes Inventory (EBAI) as a diagnostic tool and educational device. The EBAI is an instrument that measures women's ability to self-regulate eating behaviors...
Activity-based anorexia (ABA), an animal model of anorexia nervosa in which rats are given free access to running wheels but restricted access to food, induces many symptoms of anorexia nervosa. This model has been used to examine...
Emotional eating, or eating in response to negative emotions, represents a valuable construct of study due to its transdiagnostic nature (Habhab, Sheldon, & Loeb, 2009; Masheb & Grilo, 2006) and associations with obesity (Laitinen, Ek, &...
Risk factors (e.g., anxiety sensitivity, subclinical anxiety) associated with the development of anxiety disorders have been identified; however, the development of preventive interventions targeting these risk factors is in the nascent...
Throughout ancestral times, women faced significant adaptive challenges during pregnancy, and thus evolution may have selected for psychological mechanisms designed to help women prepare for birth and motherhood. Previous researchers...
Neurogenesis in the adult brain has become an exciting research area in the past three decades. With the advent of new scientific methods and techniques, researchers have been able to identify and characterize new cells proliferating...
This study examined the generality of rumination and its associations with multiple indices of trait level affect and socio-emotional functioning using both variable-centered and person-centered approaches to data analysis. Participants...
There is evidence to suggest that depression and the Apolipoprotein E e4 allele (APOE e4) may act together (i.e., synergistically) to disrupt neuropsychological functioning, which may in turn increase an individual's risk for cognitive...
Anxiety disorders contribute substantially to the overall public health burden of psychopathology. Anxiety sensitivity (AS), a fear of anxiety related sensations, is one of the few known malleable risk factors for anxiety pathology....
This study examined affective instability in Borderline Personality Disorder using the as a direct physiological index of emotional reactivity and regulation. Based upon Marsha Linehan's (1993) theory regarding fundamental deficits in...
Anxiety disorders affect more than 40 million Americans and represent a significant public health and individual burden. The existing literature supports intolerance of uncertainty (IU) as an important transdiagnostic risk factor in the...
While some researchers theorize that holding positive illusions about oneself optimizes psychosocial functioning, mounting evidence suggests that positive illusions have a "dark side." Aggressive children often overestimate their social...
The current investigation sought to investigate whether emotional insensitivity (as opposed to emotional distress) mediates the relationship between social exclusion and aggressive behavior. Results from Experiments 1 and 2 showed that...
Empathy is conceptualized a multi-dimensional construct that underlies aspects of prosocial human behavior (Davis, 1980). Historic conceptualizations of psychopathy posit that the characteristic callous disregard for others associated...
This study evaluated a vignette style measure (CRISES) of children's response styles to sadness. It looked at the relationship between rumination and depression in children and tested Nolen-Hoeksema's response styles theory of depression...
Categorically-based systems for assessing personality disorders (PDs) have been criticized on a number of grounds, including arbitrary cutoffs for diagnosis, heterogeneity among presentations of the same PD, overuse of PD not otherwise...
The role of hypocretin (orexin, hcrt/orx) neurons in regulation of arousal is well established. Recently, hcrt/orx has been implicated in food reward and drug-seeking behavior. I report here that in male rats, Fos-immunoreactivity (ir)...
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), characterized by recurrent obsessions and/or compulsions, is a disabling psychiatric condition affecting approximately 2-3% of the population. Whereas several first-line treatments have been...
Problematic anger is a phenomenon that is highly relevant to a number of psychological disorders and health outcomes yet remains under-studied and is often misunderstood. Although the field has largely rejected the value of cathartic...
Prevalence rates of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI; the deliberate destruction of one's own body tissue in the absence of suicidal intent) are quite high among adolescents and young adults, and appear to be increasing. Additionally, NSSI...
Although social sanctions have made it unacceptable to express many forms of prejudice, for some, class-based antipathy is still an accepted form of prejudice. The current work investigated prejudice against White people from a low...
In view of recent findings regarding the multiple associations between rumination with depression as well as anxiety, the purpose of this study was to determine whether associations of rumination with internalizing symptoms is reflective...
Elimination of eighth-nerve activity results in the death of 30% of the neurons in the chick cochlear nucleus, n. magnocellularis (NM). One early event in this cell death cascade is the disruption of ribosomes in NM neurons, which can be...
Emotional experiences can bring about personal growth. For instance, feeling guilty may prompt one to learn from a mistake, and this learning can bring about different and better future behavior. Four studies (N = 570) found that belief...
Recent decades have seen a surge of interest in models of personality, temperament, and affect, particularly in relation to the development of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. A prominent model includes factors of...
Social media has been implicated as a correlate and a cause of increased disordered eating in men and women. Yet, little is known about how specific aspects of social media impact eating disorder pathology. Through utilization of a two...
Each year millions of people develop suicide plans. These plans are consistently cited as critical indicators of suicide risk by clinicians, researchers, and suicide prevention agencies. Having the ability to accurately predict suicide...
Oxytocin is a versatile neuropeptide that is involved in a variety of mammalian behaviors, and its role in reproductive behavior has been well established. Oxytocin stimulates male sexual behavior, in part, by promoting erectile function...
Individuals engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) to decrease intense negative emotions. Notably, self-injurers are more likely to engage in NSSI in the context of certain emotions (i.e., anger, rejection, guilt). This may be...
Numerous studies have shown that throughout the human lifespan, stressful events influence the onset and course of mood and anxiety disorders. With regard to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), life-stress has been implicated as a...
I intend to examine a particular human behavior, suicide, from an evolutionary perspective. It has been nearly 150 years since Darwinism has captivated the minds of mankind and I consider this thesis to be a continuation of Darwin's work...
Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in the United States and result in substantial burden to the individual and society. While effective cognitive-behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders have been developed...
Anxiety-related psychopathology represents one of the most prevalent and debilitating forms of mental illness. A large number of effective cognitive-behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders have been developed and validated....
The current study examined the prevalence of major psychiatric disorders for Hispanics and Caucasians and explored those factors that contributed to differences between these groups. The data were obtained as part of a large general...
The current study examined one key aspect of Linehan's (1993) biosocial theory; namely, that a combination of a highly emotional temperament with the experience of repeated emotional invalidation (the punishment of a person's subjective...
Two core dimensions of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), harm avoidance and incompleteness, have been proposed to underlie overt symptom subtypes (Summerfeldt, 2004). Foa, Abramowitz, Franklin and Kozak (1999) have found that patients...
Recent research using TF analysis has suggested that two processes underlie performance feedback event-related potentials (ERPs): a reward sensitive process in the delta range (delta-reward positivity; 0-3 Hz) and a loss sensitive...
Psychophysiology research pertaining to affective processing has commonly utilized experimental tasks that present pictures of emotional salience in addition to non-emotional content pictures. The most common picture set used in...
Despite increases in the numbers of children and adolescents seeking and receiving mental health treatment, rates of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) in youth continue to rise. In the hopes of aiding ongoing efforts to...
The current study sought to examine the effects of a multi-session computerized interpretation bias modification (IBM) program designed to reduce hostile interpretation biases in individuals with elevated levels of trait anger. Fifty...
Three experiments found that socially excluded participants spent money in whatever way best enhanced their chance of gaining social acceptance. Relative to participants who were socially accepted or given non-social negative news, ...
Theories of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) have long guided treatment and prevention efforts. Meta-analytic investigation into general risk factors, psychopathology, and STB related clinical instruments indicated chance level...
Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
