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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
Cognitive control (‘executive’) processes have been implicated in a broad range of psychological problems including anxiety and externalizing conditions. However, limited research has examined the effects of external stressors (i.e., ...
An Expert-Performance Approach to the Study of the Development of Understanding during Complex Learning: Capturing the Development of Understanding of the 8-Puzzle and Its Mechanism
The question of "what is better understanding during complex learning" has intrigued researchers in different fields of psychology and education for decades. However, it has been difficult to study and monitor the development of...
Past research suggests that reading comprehension performance relies not solely on cognitive skills such as decoding, vocabulary, and inference skills, but also on attention and behavior. Specifically, the literature has pointed to...
The growing prevalence of computers, tablets, and educational apps in academic settings has prompted many researchers to investigate the potential benefits and drawbacks of this technology. One of the ways that this technology can...
Repeated experiences are a cornerstone of learning and memory, but to what extent does the benefit of repetition depend upon noticing it? A rich literature exists examining the impact that an original learning experience has on a current...
People recall and recognize animate words better than inanimate words, possibly because memory systems were shaped by evolution to prioritize memory for predators, people, and food sources. However, the proximal cause of this animacy...
Although prevalent, death by suicide is a statistically rare event – making it difficult to identify factors that can best predict behavioral risk and inform suicide risk assessment and management. Experimental tests of theories of...
Perceiving our world is an active process. We actively explore and investigate the environment rather than passively registering the objects and events we encounter. Our perception and attention reflect our moods, expectations, and...
Inhibitory control, the ability to resist of modulate impulses, is hypothesized to reflect an individual difference dimension of inhibition-disinhibition with important clinical implications. Poor impulse control (disinhibition) is a...
Emotional eating, or eating in response to negative emotions, represents a valuable construct of study due to its transdiagnostic nature (Habhab, Sheldon, & Loeb, 2009; Masheb & Grilo, 2006) and associations with obesity (Laitinen, Ek, &...
Distress intolerance (DI) is a transdiagnostic individual difference variable reflective of the capacity to withstand aversive psychological states. DI is typically measured with self-report questionnaires or behaviorally via quit...
Lyons et al. (2018) used exploratory factor analysis to develop and validate a spatial anxiety questionnaire that can reliably measure anxiety in situations that involve different types of spatial skills. Using the framework set forth by...
Drawing from the decision-making literature, the framing and cross-modal discounting paradigms were used to investigate the effect of age on the subjective valuation of technology. Using the framing paradigm to covertly measure age...
We sometimes fail to notice objects and events in our environment because our attention is directed elsewhere—a phenomenon called inattentional blindness. Our attentional set—the features we prioritize in our environment—plays a large...
In this study, I examined group differences in performance between video game players (VGPs) and non-video game players (NVGPs) on the complex learning task "Space Fortress". The primary goal of this investigation was to identify...
Recent events have shown no abatement in the increasingly common anti-Muslim attitudes and aggression. Anti-Muslim incidents have steadily risen over the last few years. One contributing factor in anti-Muslim harassment may be Right-wing...
Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous vehicles (AV) are rapidly evolving and being introduced to drivers. The usage of these systems stands to provide innumerable safety and convenience benefits to people of all ages....
The number of crash-related fatalities in the United States climbed to over 35 thousand from 2014 to 2015, representing a 7.2% increase, and ending a 50-year trend of decline in this rate (NHTSA, 2016). The ability to drive safely...
Previous studies have found interactions between the meaning of a word and the spatial position of the word (Barsalou, 2008; Zwaan and Yaxley, 2003). Some studies find that words or sentences with a directional component facilitate...
Many researchers have attempted to replicate different embodied language processing effects, with varying degrees of success. We wanted to know what, if any, individual differences might account for the observed variance for these...
This study examined the effect of message framing to promote sleep behaviors. Participants (N = 156) were randomly assigned to read either a gain- or loss-framed message. The gain-framed message focused on the benefits of sufficient...
Engaging in post-encoding wakeful rest has been shown to lead to better retention of encoded information versus engaging in a post-encoding task. Brain imaging studies have shown that there is reactivation during post-encoding rest of...
Individuals engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) to decrease intense negative emotions. Notably, self-injurers are more likely to engage in NSSI in the context of certain emotions (i.e., anger, rejection, guilt). This may be...
In order to prepare for the future, at least some people might spend time imagining how a target person's future behavior could impede the achievement of their goals. These imaginings represent no truly new information about the target...
What Intolerance of Uncertainty and Intolerance of Ambiguity Look like: A Construct Validation of Two Transdiagnostic Factors and Their Differential Relationship with Checking Symptoms
A growing body of literature has begun to examine the transdiagnostic qualities of a variety of etiological and maintaining factors. Research suggests that intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is one such transdiagnostic factor that has been...
Engaging in a period of rest following encoding has been shown to lead to better retention on a subsequent recall test than performing an inter-test task. Brain imaging studies have shown that there is reactivation during post-encoding...
Recent research using TF analysis has suggested that two processes underlie performance feedback event-related potentials (ERPs): a reward sensitive process in the delta range (delta-reward positivity; 0-3 Hz) and a loss sensitive...
Alpha oscillations (8-12 Hz) have been implicated in sensory processing and the inhibition/filtering of irrelevant sensory input. Meanwhile, aberrations in sensory filtering have been associated with a number of conditions, including...
Unlike mathematical ability, mathematical language consists of terminology that is necessary to understand and participate in mathematical tasks. More recently, research indicates that mathematical language is vital for mathematic...
Embodied cognition, which stresses the intertwined nature of the perceptual-motor system and cognitive processes (Willems & Francken, 2012), has been a prominent area of focus in replication failures and the broader discussion of the...
Following 9/11 and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, anti-Muslim prejudice and violence dramatically escalated in the United States. We argue that a major contributor to this prejudice and aggression is endorsement of Right-wing...
Bock and Griffin (2000) presented two experiments demonstrating that structural priming (i.e., increased likelihood of producing a given syntactic form if you have just produced that form in another utterance) can be long-lasting. In...
The current study extended upon previous research efforts by evaluating the utility and feasibility of an eight-session internet-based interpretation training protocol targeting evaluation- and appearance-related threat biases...
Interference is a major cause of forgetting. Educational contexts in particular are rife with sources of interference. Avoiding interference in educational contexts is therefore a goal of researchers. Recent research has demonstrated...
Previous research revealed mixed findings regarding the direction of the relation of inhibition and creativity. The goal of this study was to determine if the task used to measure inhibition accounts for this variance in direction and if...
As one of the leading causes of disease burden and disability in the world, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a persistent and ever expanding financial and public health concern. MDD is quite prevalent in children and adolescents with...
Conceptual pacts are agreed-upon ways of talking about things that are specific to a conversation and a conversation partner. Most research focuses on conceptual pacts with participants being co-present in some way. However, we do not...
Understanding the impact of affective information on cognitive processing is relevant to conceptualizations of fearful traits and clinical problems (e.g. anxiety disorders). Previous work has shown that threat cueing reliably activates...
Self-control predicts moral behavior. Traditional theory explains this finding by suggesting self-control works to inhibit antisocial impulses, which everyone experiences. However, Aristotle argued that by practicing virtue, people’s...
Reward-processing research utilizing event-related potentials (ERPs) has helped to refine conceptualizations of internalizing psychopathology over time. Leveraging the millisecond-level temporal resolution of ERP measures, this line of...
Research has consistently demonstrated a link between spatial and math skills as well as a link between spatial and math anxieties and their respective cognitive skill (i.e., links between math anxiety and math performance). However, ...
Comparing Alternative Models of Reading Disability by Their Ability to Predict the Compensatory Effect of Assistive Technology on Reading Comprehension
Prevention efforts that focus on parents are efficacious in reducing rates of child behavioral and emotional problems, and some work has shown that changes in child behavior is mediated by positive changes to parenting skills. However, ...
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