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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
There is an increasing incidence of dementia, depression and other affective disorders, delirium, and other mental health problems such as psychoses among older individuals in the United States. Because the severity of mental illness, in...
A well-supported view of goal pursuit states that committing to a specific plan for a goal will increase one's odds of success (Gollwitzer, 1999). The present work sought to reveal an exception to that rule. First, it was predicted that...
What accounts for the stark changes in emotion, cognition, and behavior in women during the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle? I hypothesize that, in addition to the effects of hormones, a lack of self-control may account for...
This study examined affective instability in Borderline Personality Disorder using the as a direct physiological index of emotional reactivity and regulation. Based upon Marsha Linehan's (1993) theory regarding fundamental deficits in...
Psychopathy was originally defined in terms of emotional-interpersonal deficits and personality characteristics (Cleckley, 1941). However, some researchers also include antisocial behavior in their conceptualization of psychopathy (Hare, ...
Although the most commonly used psychiatric classification system in the United States (i.e., the DSM-IV) employs an exclusively categorical approach, many researchers have hypothesized that at least some psychological disorders exist...
Low levels of social support in relationships are an important indicator of the risk of the development of depression in adulthood. This study investigated how family, friends, and romantic relationships affected the prevalence of...
Currently, 17% of individuals over age 50, and 6% of individuals over age 65, have tried mind-body therapies (Wolsko et al., 2004); 16.5% of yoga practitioners are age 54 or older (Saper et al., 2004). National survey data indicates a...
The positive effects of behavior analytic intervention for children with autism have been repeatedly documented (Cohen, Amerine-Dickens & Smith, 2006; Howard, et. al., 2005; Lovaas, 1987; McEachin, Smith & Lovaas, 1993; Sallows &...
The perception of food involves input from different sensory modalities. In addition to taste input, other sensory cues like olfaction, texture, and temperature are involved with the flavor properties in ingestive behavior. Of these...
In this study, three experiments were conducted to investigate how context affects meaning selection during the comprehension of sentences for more skilled and less skilled comprehenders. In all three experiments, a picture was presented...
For my dissertation, I used whole nerve and single-cell recording methods to investigate the influence of organic anions and organic acids on sodium responses by the chorda tympani nerve (CT) that innervates taste buds on the anterior...
The present study proposes an alternative to the idea that individuals who attempt or complete suicide do so on a whim. Specifically, drawing on Joiner's (2005) Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Attempted and Completed Suicide, we...
Therapeutic jurisprudence is the hypothesis that the law itself can have therapeutic and/or anti-therapeutic consequences. Therapeutic jurisprudence is an important element in mental health courts because these specialty courts operate...
Children's emergent literacy skills have been found to be predictive of concurrent and subsequent academic achievement. Proponents of a nurture-driven approach to learning posit that children's linguistic competencies are associated with...
Numerous theories of suicide converge on the importance of hopelessness as a crucial factor driving suicidal desire. Recent theories of suicide including the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (ITS) and the ideation-to-action framework...
Women Inmate Substance Abusers' Reactivity to Visual Alcohol, Cigarette, Marijuana, and Crack Cocaine Cues: Approach and Avoidance as Separate Reactivity Dimensions
In the present study, we evaluated the reliability, specificity, and validity of a set of visual alcohol, cigarette, marijuana, and crack cocaine cues in comparison to consumable non-drug control cues. The study extended a previously...
Over 200, 000 women were incarcerated in 2015, constituting approximately 9% of the U.S. prison population (Kaeble & Glaze, 2016). Best practices call for individualized services upon release in hopes of successful reentry into society ...
Anxiety sensitivity (AS) has become one of the most well researched risk factors for the development of psychopathology. Research has found that the AS subfactor of cognitive concerns may play an important role in PTSD, depression, and...
Several studies demonstrate a consistent, positive relationship between cognitive ability measures and normatively superior judgment and decision behavior. However, little is known about the cognitive processes and mechanisms that give...
Nicotine use during adolescence is associated with the development of many debilitating pathologies in adulthood such as anxiety and depression. Adolescence is a time of many social pressures and biological changes occurring within the...
Although self-regulation can be a crucial tool for dealing with stress, the perception of stress may undermine successful self-regulation. The present research tested the hypothesis that perceiving one's life as stressful would lead to...
The Moderating Effects of Expectancies on the Relationships Between Negative Urgency and Eating Disorder Symptoms, Alcohol Use, and Alcohol-Related Negative Consequences Among College Students
Eating disorders (EDs) and alcohol use disorders, as well as less severe eating disorder symptoms and alcohol use, are behaviors that can result in severe physical, social, psychological, occupational, and academic consequences; the risk...
Little is known about emotional processing in individuals with Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD). Research shows that HPD is correlated with psychopathy and both disorders are associated with a deficit in emotional experience. If...
The structure of executive function (EF) was examined with both 3- and 4-year-old children. How EF, as well as how working memory (WM) and inhibitory control (IC) components of EF, related to academic and socio-emotional outcomes over...
Lyons et al. (2018) used exploratory factor analysis to develop and validate a spatial anxiety questionnaire that can reliably measure anxiety in situations that involve different types of spatial skills. Using the framework set forth by...
Associations among personality as measured by the Five Factor Model, physical activity, and muscle strength were assessed using data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (N = 1220, age: mean = 58, SD = 16). General linear...
This research examined stigma toward women with cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is caused by human papillomavirus, a sexually transmitted infection. For Study 1, participants (N = 352) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions in...
Antigay attitudes are typically conceptualized and measured as general condemnations of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals based on moral and value judgments. This view of outgroup attitudes is not unusual, and is in fact...
How Ethnic Identification Attitudes and Acculturative Stress Interact to Predict Suicide & Eating Disorder Symptomatology in Individuals of African Descent
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between culture and psychopathology to determine if proposed psychological risk factors (i.e., ethnic identification and acculturative stress) are predictive of several key mental...
Although word knowledge is often conceptualized as an "all or nothing" phenomenon, the dichotomy of this perspective may not capture what children actually know when they "know" a word. An alternative perspective, that word knowledge is...
Although it is recognized in the literature that there is a strong association between ADHD and reading ability in elementary school children, knowledge regarding the relation between ADHD-characteristic behaviors and emergent literacy...
The most potent, naturally occurring estrogen, estradiol, is involved in the physiological control of food intake. Estradiol appears to exert its anorexigenic effect by activating nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs), which are expressed...
Introduction: Evidence suggests that disturbed sleep may constitute an important and modifiable vulnerability factor for acute suicidal risk and completed suicide. Sleep complaints are closely coupled with mood problems, and depression...
In 2003, science is the midst of a molecular genetics revolution. Genomes of diverse biological systems ranging from C. elegans to Human are cloned, partly with the expectation of functional and organizational insight into the nervous...
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of three academic interventions on behavioral problems in preschool children. The 363 children who participated in this study were randomly assigned to one of four intervention groups...
Two experiments provide evidence that affective and motivational states associated with mating may play an important role in guiding risk decision-making processes. Study 1 revealed a positive relationship between sexual arousal and risk...
Although designed to improve relationships, the efficacy of ePREP has been documented using individuals rather than couples as participants. This randomized clinical trial uses the Actor Partner Interdependence Model to evaluate the...
Dendritic spines are small protrusions from dendrites on which the majority of excitatory synapses occur (Gray, 1959; Peters et al., 1976; Harris and Kater, 1994). Dendritic spines serve to compartmentalize second messenger systems (Koch...
Extreme narcissistic traits have been proposed to be part of the "core" personality features of psychopathy. This view has some theoretical and experimental support but some inconsistencies remain that might be clarified by examining the...
While some researchers theorize that holding positive illusions about oneself optimizes psychosocial functioning, mounting evidence suggests that positive illusions have a "dark side." Aggressive children often overestimate their social...
Inattentive behavior is considered a core and pervasive feature of ADHD; however, an alternative model challenges this premise and hypothesizes a functional relationship between working memory deficits and inattentive behavior. The...
Linehan's (1993) biosocial theory of borderline personality disorder (BPD) posits that (1) behavioral dysregulation results from emotion dysregulation, and (2) emotion dysregulation is due, in part, to attentional biases. The primary...
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