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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
Pancreatic islets manage elevations in blood glucose level by secreting insulin into the bloodstream in a pulsatile manner. Pulsatile insulin secretion is governed by islet oscillations such as bursting electrical activity and periodic...
We use techniques from convex projective geometry to produce many new examples of thin subgroups of lattices in special linear groups that are isomorphic to the fundamental groups of finite-volume hyperbolic manifolds. More specifically, ...
Microbial biofilm communities are protected against environmental extremes or clearance by antimicrobial agents or the host immune response. They also serve as a site from which microbial populations search for new niches by dispersion...
Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate drop impingement and splashing on both dry and wet surfaces at impact velocities greater than 50 m/s with the consideration of the effect of surrounding air. The Navier-Stokes equations...
Mathematical modeling has a long history in the field of cancer therapeutics, and there is increasing recognition that it can help uncover the mechanisms that underlie tumor response to treatment. However, making quantitative predictions...
The ciliary locomotion and feeding of an axisymmetric microswimmer in a complex fluid whose viscosity depends on a surrounding nutrient field are investigated numerically in order to extend previous asymptotic results for weak nutrient...
Early in development, neural systems have primarily excitatory coupling, where even GABAergic synapses are excitatory. Many of these systems exhibit spontaneous episodes of activity that have been characterized through both experimental...
Numerous lines of evidence point to a genetic basis for facial morphology in humans, yet little is known about how specific genetic variants relate to the phenotypic expression of many common facial features. We conducted genome-wide...
We investigate vortex excitations in dilute Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of complex PT symmetric potentials. These complex potentials are used to describe a balanced gain and loss of particles and allow an easier calculation...
Numerous lines of evidence point to a genetic basis for facial morphology in humans, yet little is known about how specific genetic variants relate to the phenotypic expression of many common facial features. We conducted genome-wide...
Genomic-scale sequence alignments are increasingly used to infer phylogenies in order to better understand the processes and patterns of evolution. Different partitions within these new alignments (e.g., genes, codon positions, and...
The human face is a complex assemblage of highly variable yet clearly heritable anatomic structures that together make each of us unique, distinguishable, and recognizable. Relatively little is known about the genetic underpinnings of...
2-stratifolds are a generalization of 2-manifolds in that there are disjoint simple closed branch curves. We obtain a list of all closed 3-manifolds that have a 2-stratifold as a spine.
Juvenile male zebra finches learn their songs over distinct auditory and sensorimotor stages, the former requiring exposure to an adult tutor song pattern. The cortical premotor nucleus HVC (acronym is name) plays a necessary role in...
We calculate 3-loop master integrals for heavy quark correlators and the 3-loop quantum chromodynamics corrections to the rho-parameter. They obey non-factorizing differential equations of second order with more than three singularities, ...
Lung nodule malignancy classification using only radiologist-quantified image features as inputs to statistical learning algorithms: probing the Lung Image Database Consortium dataset with two statistical learning methods.
In the assessment of nodules in CT scans of the lungs, a number of image-derived features are diagnostically relevant. Currently, many of these features are defined only qualitatively, so they are difficult to quantify from first...
Microbial biofilm communities are protected against environmental extremes or clearance by antimicrobial agents or the host immune response. They also serve as a site from which microbial populations search for new niches by dispersion...
Hawkes process is a class of simple point processes that is self-exciting and has clustering effect. The intensity of this point process depends on its entire past history. It has wide applications in finance, insurance, neuroscience, ...
Efforts to understand the genetic and environmental conditioning of plant morphology are hindered by the lack of flexible and effective tools for quantifying morphology. Here, we demonstrate that persistent-homology-based topological...
Neuron morphology plays a central role in characterizing cognitive health and functionality of brain structures. The problem of quantifying neuron shapes and capturing statistical variability of shapes is difficult because neurons differ...
Plasma insulin oscillations are known to have physiological importance in the regulation of blood glucose. In insulin-secreting β-cells of pancreatic islets, K(ATP) channels play a key role in regulating glucose-dependent insulin...
Introduction to Financial Mathematics: Concepts and Computational Methods serves as a primer in financial mathematics with a focus on conceptual understanding of models and problem solving. It includes the mathematical background needed...
This work presents an optimal model management strategy that exploits multifidelity surrogate models to accelerate the estimation of statistics of outputs of computationally expensive high-fidelity models. Existing acceleration methods...
The spectral renormalization method was introduced in 2005 as an effective way to compute ground states of nonlinear Schrodinger and Gross-Pitaevskii type equations. In this paper, we introduce an orthogonal spectral renormalization (OSR...
In this paper, we propose to generalize the notion of depth in temporal point process observations. The new depth is defined as a weighted product of two probability terms: (1) the number of events in each process, and (2) the center...
Pancreatic islets respond to elevated blood glucose by secreting pulses of insulin that parallel oscillations in β-cell metabolism, intracellular Ca(2+) concentration, and bursting electrical activity. The mechanisms that maintain an...
We introduce a family of non-Hermitian optical potentials that are given in terms of double-exponential periodic functions. The center of PT symmetry is not around zero and the potential satisfies a shifted PT-symmetry relation at two...
The coupled additive and multiplicative (CAM) noises model is a stochastic volatility model for derivative pricing. Unlike the other stochastic volatility models in the literature, the CAM model uses two Brownian motions, one...
This work presents an optimal model management strategy that exploits multifidelity surrogate models to accelerate the estimation of statistics of outputs of computationally expensive high-fidelity models. Existing acceleration methods...
Biological systems are characterized by a high number of interacting components. Determining the role of each component is difficult, addressed here in the context of biological oscillations. Rhythmic behavior can result from the...
Closed essential surfaces in a 3-manifold can be detected by ideal points of the character variety or by algebraic non-integral representations. We give examples of closed essential surfaces not detected in either of these ways. For...
An early prediction of game theory was that respect for ownership-"Bourgeois" or behavior-can arise as an arbitrary convention to avoid costly disputes. However, its mirror image-the dispute-avoiding "anti-Bourgeois" or behavior through...
The human face is an array of variable physical features that together make each of us unique and distinguishable. Striking familial facial similarities underscore a genetic component, but little is known of the genes that underlie...
Mathematical modeling has a long history in the field of cancer therapeutics, and there is increasing recognition that it can help uncover the mechanisms that underlie tumor response to treatment. However, making quantitative predictions...
Metabolism in islet β-cells displays oscillations that can trigger pulses of electrical activity and insulin secretion. There has been a decades-long debate among islet biologists about whether metabolic oscillations are intrinsic or...
A third-order in time numerical IMEX-type algorithm for the Stokes-Darcy system for flows in fluid saturated karst aquifers is proposed and analyzed. A novel third-order Adams-Moulton scheme is used for the discretization of the...
The human face is a complex assemblage of highly variable yet clearly heritable anatomic structures that together make each of us unique, distinguishable, and recognizable. Relatively little is known about the genetic underpinnings of...
A fundamental manifestation of wave scattering in a disordered medium is the highly complex intensity pattern the waves acquire due to multi-path interference. Here we show that these intensity variations can be entirely suppressed by...
Automated phenotyping is essential for the creation of large, highly standardized datasets from anatomical imaging data. Such datasets can support large-scale studies of complex traits or clinical studies related to precision medicine or...
Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells within islets of Langerhans plays a critical role in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Although this process is essential for maintaining euglycemia, the underlying...
Wing or fin flexibility can dramatically affect the performance of flying and swimming animals. Both laboratory experiments and numerical simulations have been used to study these effects, but analytical results are notably lacking. Here...
The effect of nonuniform viscosity on the swimming velocity of a free swimmer at zero Reynolds number is examined. Using the generalized reciprocal relation for Stokes flow with nonuniform viscosity, we formulate the locomotion problem...
The Drosophila egg chamber, whose development is divided into 14 stages, is a well-established model for developmental biology. However, visual stage determination can be a tedious, subjective and time-consuming task prone to errors. Our...
We extend an agent-based multiscale model of vascular tumour growth and angiogenesis to describe transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) therapies. The model accounts for tumour and normal cells that are both nested in a vascular system...
The geometries and topologies of leaves, flowers, roots, shoots, and their arrangements have fascinated plant biologists and mathematicians alike. As such, plant morphology is inherently mathematical in that it describes plant form and...
The Drosophila egg chamber, whose development is divided into 14 stages, is a well-established model for developmental biology. However, visual stage determination can be a tedious, subjective and time-consuming task prone to errors. Our...
Robust and efficient discretization methods for coupled poromechanical problems are critical to address a wide range of problems related to civil infrastructure, energy resources, and environmental sustainability. In this work, we...
In 2013, a new nonlocal symmetry reduction of the well-known AKNS (an integrable system of partial differential equations, introduced by and named after Mark J. Ablowitz, David J. Kaup, and Alan C. Newell et al. (1974)) scattering...
Trivalent 2-stratifolds are a generalization of 2-manifolds in that there are disjoint simple closed curves where three sheets meet. We develop operations on their associated labeled graphs that will effectively construct from a single...
Vegetation in dryland ecosystems often forms remarkable spatial patterns. These range from regular bands of vegetation alternating with bare ground, to vegetated spots and labyrinths, to regular gaps of bare ground within an otherwise...
Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
