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Some of the material in is restricted to members of the community. By logging in, you may be able to gain additional access to certain collections or items. If you have questions about access or logging in, please use the form on the Contact Page.
Caregivers provide a foundation for appropriate development beginning with species-typical sensory experiences. Because the oxytocin (OXT) system is experience-dependent, and maternal care is a large part of offspring early life...
In this dissertation, the neurobiological mechanisms that govern the effects of social buffering on stress were evaluated in female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). As reviewed in Chapter 1, social living is beneficial for many...
In juvenile mice (P28-P41), social interactions between conspecifics are especially rewarding and necessary for species-typical development. These interactions are rarely aggressive or involve mating and may be ideal to better understand...
Background: Social exclusion is a robust correlate of suicidal ideation and behavior. However, there is little research examining the biological factors contributing to the link between social exclusion and suicide risk. Prior research...
Oxytocin and melatonin compositions and associated methods for inducing labor
Description:
The invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition containing oxytocin and melatonin in amounts therapeutically effective for inducing labor in a pregnant human patient. Preferably, the oxytocin content is reduced to mitigate unwanted...
Oxytocin (OXT) is a peptide with important regulatory roles in both physiological and behavioral contexts. OXT binds to the OXT receptor (OXTR) in the central and peripheral nervous systems, with diverse patterns of expression dependent...
Manipulation of stimulus encoding in the study of retroactive inhibition in paired-associate learning
Description:
Sixteen S's in each of eight experimental and two control groups participated in an experiment designed to study the relation between stimulus encoding and retroactive inhibition, in the A-B, A-C/D-C and A-B, A-Br/D-C P-A paradigms. In...
Works of art have been referred to as a good source of fuel for the engagement of art museum visitors, thus art museum education researchers and practitioners have sought to create opportunities active social interactions between...
Oxytocin (OXT) is a pleiotropic regulator of physiology and behavior. An emerging body of evidence demonstrates a role for OXT in the transition to postnatal life of the infant. To identify potential sites of OXT action via the OXT...
Oxytocin (Oxt) is released in various hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic brain areas in response to anxiogenic stimuli to regulate aspects of emotionality and stress coping. We examined the anxiolytic action of Oxt in the hypothalamic...
The oxytocin receptor (OTR) plays critical roles in social behavior development. Despite its significance, brain-wide quantitative understanding of OTR expression remains limited in postnatally developing brains. Here, we develop...
Oxytocin is a versatile neuropeptide that is involved in a variety of mammalian behaviors, and its role in reproductive behavior has been well established. Oxytocin stimulates male sexual behavior, in part, by promoting erectile function...
Prolactin is a protein hormone predominately synthesized in and secreted from cells in the anterior pituitary gland called lactotrophs. Although prolactin is elevated during other physiological states, mating induces a unique pattern of...
In this Dissertation, the effects of amphetamine (AMPH) exposure on pair bond formation in the socially monogamous prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) are characterized and the neural mechanisms that underlie these effects are...
Social behaviors are foundational to our society and quality of life while social behavioral deficits are core symptoms in a variety of psychopathologies. Yet, despite the significance for human health, the neural mechanisms that...
The mechanisms underlying the gestational and circadian timing of parturition in humans are not fully understood. Studies of the timing of initiation of spontaneous labor show a peak between 2400 and 0500. This peak in labor onset...
The neurophysiological foundation and anatomical basis of circuits necessary for adult behaviors are established early in development. Numerous perinatal and postnatal variables affect circuit trajectory during developmental sensitive...
Enduring social bonds play an essential role in human society. These bonds positively affect psychological, physiological, and behavioral functions. Here, we review the recent literature on the neurobiology, particularly the role of...
Social attachments are ubiquitous among humans and integral to human health. Although great efforts have been made to elucidate the neural underpinnings regulating social attachments, we still know relatively little about the neuronal...
Proteomic characterization of paired non-malignant and malignant African-American prostate epithelial cell lines distinguishes them by structural proteins.
While many factors may contribute to the higher prostate cancer incidence and mortality experienced by African-American men compared to their counterparts, the contribution of tumor biology is underexplored due to inadequate availability...
Proteomic Characterization Of Paired Non-malignant And Malignant African-american Prostate Epithelial Cell Lines Distinguishes Them By Structural Proteins
Background: While many factors may contribute to the higher prostate cancer incidence and mortality experienced by African-American men compared to their counterparts, the contribution of tumor biology is underexplored due to inadequate...
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) is most commonly associated with parturition, lactation, and social behavior but also modulates eating behaviors and homeostatic metabolic processes. Existing research relating metabolic disorders to OXT...
Studies have shown that labor occurs primarily in the night/morning hours. Recently, we identified the human myometrium as a target for melatonin (MEL), the neuroendocrine output signal coding for circadian night. The purpose of this...
The Effect of Music vs. Nonmusic Paired with Gestures on Spontaneous Verbal and Nonverbal Communication Skills of Children with Autism Between the Ages 1-5
The purpose of this study was to determine if music vs. nonmusic paired with gestures increased the spontaneous verbal and nonverbal communication in children with autism between the ages 1-5. There was an experimental, music, n=5 group...
A STUDY OF THREE PROBLEMS RELATED TO SHOCK-ELICITED AGGRESSION IN PAIRED RATS: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN RATE OF FIGHTING, HOUSING, AND AGE FACTORS AND CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
In the socially monogamous prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster), mating induces enduring pair-bonds that are initiated by partner preference formation and regulated by a variety of neurotransmitters, including oxytocin, vasopressin and...
Microtine rodents display diverse patterns of social organization and behaviors, and thus provide a useful model for studying the effects of the social environment on physiology and behavior. The current study compared the species...
The neuropeptide oxytocin is an important regulator of social behavior. In mice, oxytocin has been found to function in behaviors such as aggression, social memory, social recognition, lactation and milk ejection, cognitive flexibility, ...
Oxytocin (OXT) is a hormone known to play a role in social behavior. OXT administration is a promising medical treatment for social disorders and is currently being tested in children. However, understanding the brain mechanisms...
In the socially monogamous prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster), the development of a social bonding is indicated by the formation of partner preference, which involves a variety of environmental and neurochemical factors and brain...
In the socially monogamous prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster), the development of a social bonding is indicated by the formation of partner preference, which involves a variety of environmental and neurochemical factors and brain...
Dilated pupils are a strong indicator of an aroused nervous system. Heightened arousal is typically thought to cause neural changes that lead to pupil dilation. Recent results from our lab suggest that oxytocin knockout mice display...
In socially monogamous prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster), mating induces three primary types of behavior; namely, partner preference, selective aggression toward conspecific strangers, and bi-parental care, making this rodent an ideal...
In the female rat, secretion of prolactin is tightly controlled by a complex interplay of both stimulatory and inhibitory hypothalamic factors. In addition, the profile of prolactin release in the ovariectomized rat treated with...
Characterization of an endogenous stimulatory rhythm regulating prolactin secretion in the female rat
Description:
Prolactin secretion is regulated by an endogenous rhythm of prolactin-releasing factors. This rhythm has a bimodal periodicity with distinct nocturnal and diurnal phases. Oxytocin, vasoactive intestinal peptide and serotonin play... This endogenous rhythm is also important to prolactin secretion during lactation. Suckling-induced prolactin release was greater during the nocturnal and diurnal phases. Freely lactating rats secreted prolactin in a bimodal rhythm... Oxytocinergic neurons were analyzed for the presence of Fos protein as a marker of neuronal activity. A bimodal rhythm of oxytocinergic activity was present in the paraventricular nucleus. There was also a bimodal rhythm of oxytocin... A diurnal rhythm of activity of vasoactive intestinal peptide neurons was detected coincident with the nocturnal phase of the endogenous rhythm in the paraventricular nucleus. A diurnal rhythm of activity of serotonergic neurons was detected in the paraventricular nucleus coincident with the diurnal phase of the endogenous stimulatory rhythm. These data clearly show that the endogenous stimulatory rhythm is an important regulator of prolactin secretion. Activity of oxytocin, vasoactive intestinal peptide and serotonin neurons are consistent with their proposed roles in...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) embodies a spectrum of complex, pervasive, and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. There is not one single identified cause, but is instead composed of dynamically diverse etiologies and...
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