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What is the effect of the above procedures upon the emotional development of the school child? Do they affect his adjustment and school learning? Does his failure in school affect his adjustment outside of school, in his home, and in his community? In the development of this paper the literature will be surveyed for the opinions of educators and investigators in this field as to the emotional effects which follow the present day procedures in dealing with failures, and for any objective investigations which throw light upon the effect of failure.
