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Miller, M., & Rodríguez, J. (2010). What is the Best Nonpharmacologic Therapy for Phantom Limb Pain? Evidence Based Practice. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_fmr-0020
Nonpharmacologic therapies for phantom limb pain (PLP) that have demonstrated some success include motor imagery therapy (SOR C, extrapolated from a randomized controlled trial [RCT] that enrolled a heterogeneous patient sample); Farabloc® (SOR C, based on a single low-quality RCT); and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in patients who also have depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (SOR C, based on a case series). Evidence is insufficient to support or refute the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), desensitization, scar mobilization, relaxation, or biofeedback.
Miller, M., & Rodríguez, J. (2010). What is the Best Nonpharmacologic Therapy for Phantom Limb Pain? Evidence Based Practice. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_fmr-0020
