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Title: "I Kinda Just Messed with It": Investigating Students' Resources for Learning Digital Composing Technologies Outside of Class.
Creator: Keaton, Megan K., Neal, Michael R., McDowell, Stephen D., Yancey, Kathleen Blake, Fleckenstein, Kristie S., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of...
Show moreKeaton, Megan K., Neal, Michael R., McDowell, Stephen D., Yancey, Kathleen Blake, Fleckenstein, Kristie S., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
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Abstract/Description: This dissertation investigates the resources that students use to learn new digital technologies to complete course assignments. This work is particularly important in a time when teachers are assigning more multimodal projects. If students are using and learning digital technologies to complete our assignments, we might argue that we should teach our students how to use the specific technologies they would use for the assignment. Yet, teaching students specific technologies is complicated...
Show moreThis dissertation investigates the resources that students use to learn new digital technologies to complete course assignments. This work is particularly important in a time when teachers are assigning more multimodal projects. If students are using and learning digital technologies to complete our assignments, we might argue that we should teach our students how to use the specific technologies they would use for the assignment. Yet, teaching students specific technologies is complicated for several reasons, including limited time and resources, numerous and quickly obsolete software, different levels of expertise for students and teachers, and more. Because of these complications, students may benefit from spending less time with instruction in specific technologies and more time considering practices for learning new digital technologies. This dissertation works to discover practices that teachers can use in the classroom to help their students learn how to learn new digital technologies in order to compose multimodal texts. To do this, I investigate how students are already learning technologies outside of the classroom and use this investigation to identify possible pedagogical directions. To gain a broader understanding of the resources students are using, I surveyed five sections of an upper-level composition course in which students completed at least one digital assignment. Then, to gain a more nuanced and richer description of resource use, I interviewed three of these students. To analyze the data, I used a framework adapted from Jeanette R. Hill and Michael J. Hannafin's components for Resource-Based Learning (RBL). RBL is a pedagogical approach that aims to teach students how to learn and to produce students who are self-directed problem-solvers, able to work both collaboratively and individually. Though RBL is a pedagogical approach, I used its values and parameters as a lens for understanding students' use of resources. RBL (as the name suggests) puts emphasis on the resources students use to facilitate their learning. Given the wide variety of resources and the ways in which they can be used in the classroom, few scholars articulate precisely what RBL may look like more generally. Hill and Hannafin (2010), however, list four components among which RBL can vary: resources, tools, contexts, and scaffolds. In this study, resource is an umbrella term for the tools, contexts, and humans students may use to support their learning. Tools are the non-human objects that students use to learn new technologies. Humans are the people from whom students seek help. Contexts are the rhetorical situations (specifically the audiences and purposes for composing) surrounding the technological learning, the students' past technological experiences, and the physical locations in which students work. An important element of this study is to identify not only what resources students use, but also how they use their resources; scaffolds are how the resources are used. The scaffolds in this study are as follows: conceptual scaffolds – resources help students decide the order in which to complete tasks, understand the affordances and constraints of the technology, and learn the genre conventions of a given text; metacognitive scaffolds – resources help students tap into their prior knowledge; procedural scaffolds – resources provide students with step-by-step instructions for completing tasks or with definitions of vocabulary; and strategic scaffolds – resources encourage students to experiment in order to learn and solve problems they encounter while learning the technology. In addition to addressing what and how students use resources to learn to perform tasks with the technology, I also examined how students used resources to learn the specialized vocabulary of the technology and the technology's affordances and constraints. The study resulted in eight findings about the ways in which students are using resources. These findings were then used to identify three areas for possible strategies teachers might consider to help students use resources to learn new technologies: 1. Helping students effectively choose technologies, which includes assisting them in (a) using resources to identify technology options and learn about the affordances and constraints of the options and (b) using the affordances and constraints, their composing situations, and the available resources to choose the technology that best meets their needs. 2. Helping students effectively use templates, which includes aiding them in (a) using templates to learn about the genres in which they are composing, (b) selecting effective templates, and (c) altering the templates based on their rhetorical situations and preferences. 3. Helping students learn the technology's specialized vocabulary, which includes assisting them in (a) identifying familiar visual and linguistic vocabulary, (b) making educated guesses about unfamiliar vocabulary, and (c) using resources to learn unfamiliar vocabulary.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_2017SP_Keaton_fsu_0071E_13707
Format: Thesis

Title: “Laborers Together with God”: Civilian Public Service and Public Health in the South during World War II.
Creator: Tomlinson, Angela E., Jones, Maxine Deloris, Montgomery, Maxine L., Jones, James Pickett, Koslow, Jennifer Lisa, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreTomlinson, Angela E., Jones, Maxine Deloris, Montgomery, Maxine L., Jones, James Pickett, Koslow, Jennifer Lisa, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of History
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Abstract/Description: During World War II, the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940 required conscientious objectors (COs) who opposed any form of military service to perform "work of national importance under civilian direction." The program that carried out this alternative service was the Civilian Public Service (CPS), in which approximately 12,000 pacifists served at 151 camps established across the nation during the war. Some of those camps were in Florida and Mississippi, where CPS men worked with...
Show moreDuring World War II, the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940 required conscientious objectors (COs) who opposed any form of military service to perform "work of national importance under civilian direction." The program that carried out this alternative service was the Civilian Public Service (CPS), in which approximately 12,000 pacifists served at 151 camps established across the nation during the war. Some of those camps were in Florida and Mississippi, where CPS men worked with state and local public health authorities to combat diseases that plagued the South's poor, including hookworm and malaria. Though an advance over previous options for COs, CPS was not always well-received, by either the American people or the men who served within it. This dissertation will examine the camps in Florida and Mississippi to assess the success (or lack thereof) of the CPS alternative service program during the war, and also to explore the larger question of how well the United States upholds and protects the right of its citizens (particularly, nonconformist citizens) during a time of national crisis.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_2015fall_Tomlinson_fsu_0071E_12875
Format: Thesis

Title: "Point at One, Abuse Another": Framing WWII in Chinese and Japanese Middle School Textbooks, 1950-1990.
Creator: Shi, Huaqing, Culver, Annika A., Buhrman, Kristina Mairi, Liebeskind, Claudia, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of History
Abstract/Description: The recent two decades have witnessed a developing historical debate between China and Japan. Standing in the center of this debate are different historical interpretations presented in textbooks. Both China and Japan seem to blame each other for promoting supposedly politically-biased historical education. This has become a growing problem causing wide concerns even internationally: on the one hand, there is an increasing debate about the supposed existence of "Anti-Japanese" education in...
Show moreThe recent two decades have witnessed a developing historical debate between China and Japan. Standing in the center of this debate are different historical interpretations presented in textbooks. Both China and Japan seem to blame each other for promoting supposedly politically-biased historical education. This has become a growing problem causing wide concerns even internationally: on the one hand, there is an increasing debate about the supposed existence of "Anti-Japanese" education in China since the last decade of 20th century; on the other, many scholars from China, Japan and the Western world also criticize what they see as a distorted (or omitted) history of the war presented in Japanese textbooks. According to the "framing" theories introduced by scholars such as Foucault, Giltin, Gamson, and Modigliani in the late 20th century, history textbooks, just like media, could "organize the world" both for authors who wrote them and students who rely on them. There are many skills in framing history in textbooks and one of them is the skill of "pointing at one [to] abuse another." Using a specific technique to analyze the interplays between changing politics and educational narratives surrounding World War II (which began in China in 1937) in Chinese and Japanese middle school textbooks during a certain period: 1950-1990, the paper aims to discover the history of changing narratives about World War II in both Chinese and Japanese middle school history textbooks and how they interacted with politics over time.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_2016SP_Shi_fsu_0071N_13252
Format: Thesis

Title: "What's Love Got to Do with It?": The Master-Slave Relationship in Black Women's Neo-Slave Narratives.
Creator: Price, Jodi L., Montgomery, Maxine Lavon, Jones, Maxine Deloris, Moore, Dennis D., Ward, Candace, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
Abstract/Description: A growing impulse in American black female fiction is the reclamation of black female sexuality due to slavery's proliferation of sexual stereotypes about black women. Because of slave law's silencing of rape culture, issues of consent, will, and agency become problematized in a larger dilemma surrounding black humanity and the repression of black female sexuality. Since the enslaved female was always assumed to be willing, because she is legally unable to give consent or resist, locating...
Show moreA growing impulse in American black female fiction is the reclamation of black female sexuality due to slavery's proliferation of sexual stereotypes about black women. Because of slave law's silencing of rape culture, issues of consent, will, and agency become problematized in a larger dilemma surrounding black humanity and the repression of black female sexuality. Since the enslaved female was always assumed to be willing, because she is legally unable to give consent or resist, locating black female desire within the confines of slavery becomes largely impossible. Yet, contemporary re-imaginings of desire in this context becomes an important point of departure for re-membering contemporary black female subjectivity. "What's Love Got to Do With It?" is an alternative look at master-slave relationships, particularly those between white men and black women, featured in contemporary slave narratives by black women writers. Although black feminist critics have long considered love an unavailable, if not, unthinkable construct within the context of interracial relationships during slavery, this project locates this unexpected emotion within four neo-slave narratives. Finding moments of love and desire from, both, slaveholders and slaves, this study nuances monolithic historical players we are usually quick to adjudicate. Drawing on black feminist criticism, history, and critical race theory, this study outlines the importance of exhuming these historic relationships from silence, acknowledging the legacies they left for heterosexual love and race relations, and exploring what lessons we can take away from them today. Recognizing the ongoing tension between remembering and forgetting and the inherent value in both, this study bridges the gap by delineating the importance of perspective and the stories we choose to tell. Rather than being forever haunted by traumatic memories of the past and proliferating stories of violence and abuse, Barbara Chase-Riboud, Octavia Butler, Gayle Jones, and Gloria Naylor's novels reveal that there are ways to negotiate the past, use what you need, and come to a more holistic place where love is available.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_2017SP_Price_fsu_0071E_13737
Format: Thesis

Title: ‘Our Bonaparte?’: Republicanism, Religion, and Paranoia in New England and the Mid-Atlantic, 1789-1830.
Creator: Luke, Tarah L. (Tarah Lorraine), Blaufarb, Rafe, Munro, Martin, Frank, Andrew, Jones, Maxine Deloris, Piehler, G. Kurt, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreLuke, Tarah L. (Tarah Lorraine), Blaufarb, Rafe, Munro, Martin, Frank, Andrew, Jones, Maxine Deloris, Piehler, G. Kurt, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of History
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Abstract/Description: "‘Our Bonaparte’: Republicanism, Religion, and Paranoia in New England and the Mid-Atlantic, 1789-1830," examines how American politicians used the idea of Napoleon Bonaparte to reflect (or distort) contemporary political issues in the New England and Mid-Atlantic areas of the United States. It shows how Napoleon became a standard piece of political imagery to either support or attack specific political beliefs and opinions during the first three decades of the nineteenth century, depending...
Show more"‘Our Bonaparte’: Republicanism, Religion, and Paranoia in New England and the Mid-Atlantic, 1789-1830," examines how American politicians used the idea of Napoleon Bonaparte to reflect (or distort) contemporary political issues in the New England and Mid-Atlantic areas of the United States. It shows how Napoleon became a standard piece of political imagery to either support or attack specific political beliefs and opinions during the first three decades of the nineteenth century, depending on which political faction was discussing Bonaparte at the time.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_FA2016_Luke_fsu_0071E_13559
Format: Thesis

Title: (Un)Sure Writers: Potential Fluctuations in Self-Efficacy during the Writing Process.
Creator: Brooks, Amanda Marie, Fleckenstein, Kristie S., Neal, Michael R., Yancey, Kathleen Blake, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
Abstract/Description: In “Some Thoughts about Feelings,” Susan McLeod encourages teachers to develop a “theory of affect” that could account for the various emotional processes that students encounter while writing (433). One contribution to such a theory concerns self-efficacy, a mechanism by which students interpret this emotional, sensory input. Self-efficacy plays a crucial role in understanding how students write as both a cognitive and affective activity. As students engage with various texts, they enter...
Show moreIn “Some Thoughts about Feelings,” Susan McLeod encourages teachers to develop a “theory of affect” that could account for the various emotional processes that students encounter while writing (433). One contribution to such a theory concerns self-efficacy, a mechanism by which students interpret this emotional, sensory input. Self-efficacy plays a crucial role in understanding how students write as both a cognitive and affective activity. As students engage with various texts, they enter into a process wherein they must mediate and interpret the skills they possess. These interpretations, and the beliefs on which they are based, can significantly enable or hinder writers as they engage in the composing process. Therefore, students' self-efficacy beliefs are vital to their success as writers, both inside and outside of the classroom. Although a significant amount of research explores self-efficacy as related to motivation and performance outcomes, little has been done to map the potential fluctuations of students’ self-efficacy beliefs throughout the composing process. As students progress through a writing assignment, they encounter challenges to their self-efficacy, such as reading the assignment sheet, drafting, receiving feedback, revising, and assessment. These challenges suggest that self-efficacy is not a stable phenomenon; rather, self-efficacy very probably fluctuates as students engage with the challenges presented by a specific task. Understanding the nature of potential fluctuations is important, then, both in a theory of self-efficacy and in teaching writing. Accordingly, this study seeks to determine if, how, when, and from what causes students’ self-efficacy fluctuates over the course of a single writing assignment involving multiple drafts. To examine potential fluctuations in students’ self-efficacy, I conducted a case study with two students enrolled in a single section of ENC 1101. I interviewed each of the participants face to face twice—once before they reviewed the assignment and again after they submitted the assignment to be graded—in order to create a narrative arc of their sense of self-efficacy throughout the assignment. These interviews were supplemented by self-assessment questionnaires that were completed by students at four designated moments chosen by the researcher and one spontaneous moment chosen by the subjects. The questionnaires consist of two parts: a quantitative self-assessment and a qualitative reflection. The quantitative self-assessment operates as a self-efficacy scale in order to determine how students perceive their abilities at specific moments in the writing process. Following each of the five quantitative assessment occasions, students were then asked to respond to a prompt designed to engage them in a qualitative reflection. These qualitative reflections were coded to determine self-efficacy fluctuations, sources of self-efficacy beliefs, and strategies that students evolved to cope with potential fluctuations. I triangulated these data to generate a rich description of the potential ebbs and flows of self-efficacy across the composing process. My data reveals that self-efficacy does fluctuate as students engage with a single assignment involving multiple drafts. However, the fluctuations manifested in different ways and to different degrees. Fluctuations occurred both from moment to moment during the composing process as well as within each discrete moment of the writing process. Additionally, the students reported that performance accomplishments, social persuasion, and physiological reactions played a role in determining their efficacy perceptions and, thus, in triggering fluctuations. The students drew from these sources to varying degrees, and interpreted the sources differently. These data suggest that the sources students draw from to determine their efficacy beliefs vary from study to student and that the more influential sources are most likely to trigger fluctuations. Finally, this study explores the strategies students evolved to address fluctuations. The results of this study illustrate the need for compositionists to attend to what points in the writing process fluctuations are likely to occur, what factors in the writing process might trigger those fluctuations, and what strategies students evolve to address fluctuations. To that end, these findings invite compositionists to reconsider the role of self-efficacy in the writing classroom, and subsequently alter our pedagogy to account for fluctuations in self-efficacy beliefs as our students compose.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_2016SU_Brooks_fsu_0071N_13375
Format: Thesis

Title: 21F Higher Spin Structures in ²⁵Na and ²¹F.
Creator: Vonmoss, Justin Matthew, Tabor, Samuel Lynn, Plewa, Tomasz, Bonesteel, N. E., Riley, Mark A., Volya, Alexander, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreVonmoss, Justin Matthew, Tabor, Samuel Lynn, Plewa, Tomasz, Bonesteel, N. E., Riley, Mark A., Volya, Alexander, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics
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Abstract/Description: Two experiments have been performed at Florida State University using the FSU Compton- Suppressed HPGe Array and associated particle telescope. The first experiment used the 9Be(18O, pnγ) reaction at 35 MeV to study the nuclear structure of 25Na. The second experiment used the 9Be(14C, pnγ) reaction at 30, 35, and 45 MeV to study the nuclear structure of 21F. Particle-γ and particle-γ-γ coincidence data were analyzed resulting in the discovery of several new gamma rays and states for both...
Show moreTwo experiments have been performed at Florida State University using the FSU Compton- Suppressed HPGe Array and associated particle telescope. The first experiment used the 9Be(18O, pnγ) reaction at 35 MeV to study the nuclear structure of 25Na. The second experiment used the 9Be(14C, pnγ) reaction at 30, 35, and 45 MeV to study the nuclear structure of 21F. Particle-γ and particle-γ-γ coincidence data were analyzed resulting in the discovery of several new gamma rays and states for both nuclei; this includes resolving a doublet in 25Na which has caused significant confusion in previous works. Angular distributions, lifetimes, and transition strengths have been measured for both nuclei. Shell model calculations have been performed using the USDA and WBP interactions; in addition to 0-particle-0-hole states, 1p1h states have been calculated for both nuclei and, in 21F, 2p2h states have been calculated as well.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9478
Format: Thesis

Title: A Pillar Pluckt: The Body in Funeral Sermons of Colonial New England.
Creator: Adkins, Tucker Frederick, Porterfield, Amanda, Corrigan, John, McVicar, Michael J., Drake, Jamil William, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of...
Show moreAdkins, Tucker Frederick, Porterfield, Amanda, Corrigan, John, McVicar, Michael J., Drake, Jamil William, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Religion
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Abstract/Description: This study examines clergy in colonial New England and how they depicted dead bodies in their funeral sermons. Whether it was second generation Puritan ministers like William Hubbard and Samuel Willard, or third generation ministers like Benjamin Colman and Benjamin Wadsworth, ministers imagined their resting subjects as a "pillar," "shield," "withering grass," or "vapor." I argue their language of the body, such as the use of specific terms within certain contexts, reflected social and...
Show moreThis study examines clergy in colonial New England and how they depicted dead bodies in their funeral sermons. Whether it was second generation Puritan ministers like William Hubbard and Samuel Willard, or third generation ministers like Benjamin Colman and Benjamin Wadsworth, ministers imagined their resting subjects as a "pillar," "shield," "withering grass," or "vapor." I argue their language of the body, such as the use of specific terms within certain contexts, reflected social and religious trends in New England, from its Puritan origins to its welcoming of moderate Christianity in the eighteenth-century. Chapter Two observes Puritan funeral sermons and their relation to King Philip's War and second generation perception of natural depravity. Chapter Three discusses funeral sermons and their reflection of the third generation's shift toward English intellectualism and religious optimism. In conclusion, I argue funeral sermons and their generational developments spoke to more than specific superlatives of the dead. With the body of the dead as their canvas, New England ministers illustrated prevailing mentalities about religious and cultural thought. They spoke to how authority was mediated and to what extent human nature could be trusted. New England clergy entered into public discourse about the inherent abilities, or disabilities, their congregations were defined by. Through their imaginative definitions of dead bodies, they ventured to define survivors and their place in the Church.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_2017SP_Adkins_fsu_0071N_13875
Format: Thesis

Title: Abjection and Adoption in Lessing, Kleist, and Kafka.
Creator: Rylander, Luke, Weber, Christian, Weber, Alina Dana, Maier-Katkin, Birgit, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics
Abstract/Description: This thesis looks at the intertextuality among Lessing's Nathan der Weise, Kleist's Der Findling and Kafka's Das Urteil. Focus is laid on the repeated deployment of specific character types: an elderly, morally minded merchant and his adopted children. By tracing the similarities and differences of these literary works, themes of economics and adoption come to be understood as central motifs in these texts, and the different depictions of these motifs are shown to reflect differing notions of...
Show moreThis thesis looks at the intertextuality among Lessing's Nathan der Weise, Kleist's Der Findling and Kafka's Das Urteil. Focus is laid on the repeated deployment of specific character types: an elderly, morally minded merchant and his adopted children. By tracing the similarities and differences of these literary works, themes of economics and adoption come to be understood as central motifs in these texts, and the different depictions of these motifs are shown to reflect differing notions of the self. The analyses in this thesis draw heavily upon the theory of the abject as portrayed in Julia Kristeva's Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection. Whereas Kristeva understands abjection as functioning within the context of a "social economy," this thesis tracks its treatment within other economic structures, starting with a moral economy in Lessing's drama, moving to an emotional economy in Kleist's novella, and ending with a semiotic economy in Kafka's novella.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9443
Format: Thesis

Title: Access to Polysubstituted Heterocycles and Fluorescent Indicators from a Single Enamine Class.
Creator: Longstreet, Ashley Rose, McQuade, D. Tyler (David Tyler), Alamo, Ruﬁna G., Alabugin, Igor V., Shatruk, Mykhailo, Hanson, Kenneth G., Nowakowski, Richard S., Florida State...
Show moreLongstreet, Ashley Rose, McQuade, D. Tyler (David Tyler), Alamo, Ruﬁna G., Alabugin, Igor V., Shatruk, Mykhailo, Hanson, Kenneth G., Nowakowski, Richard S., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
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Abstract/Description: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an ongoing epidemic affecting millions of people worldwide, with the majority of those infected living in poverty. Today, multiple treatment options exist for anti-retroviral therapy (ART). However, access to ART for those living in low- to middle-income countries is hampered by the high costs of the medications. In an effort to increase the accessibility of one anti-viral, nevirapine, our group has...
Show moreAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an ongoing epidemic affecting millions of people worldwide, with the majority of those infected living in poverty. Today, multiple treatment options exist for anti-retroviral therapy (ART). However, access to ART for those living in low- to middle-income countries is hampered by the high costs of the medications. In an effort to increase the accessibility of one anti-viral, nevirapine, our group has investigated alternative syntheses in order to lower the production cost. The majority of the nevirapine production cost is due to the polysubstituted pyridine building block, 2-chloro-3-amino-4-picoline (CAPIC), because the synthesis begins from an expensive ketone. To decrease the cost of the nevirapine process, the synthesis to CAPIC was redesigned to begin from an alkylidene malononitrile prepared from the inexpensive commodity chemicals, acetone and malononitrile. The alkylidene malononitrile is then treated with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal (DMF-DMA) to afford an enamine intermediate. This enamine is readily cyclized under Pinner conditions with HCl to afford the polysubstituted 2-chloronicotinonitrile, a pyridine that could then be transformed into CAPIC in two steps. Unfortunately, the new proposed route to CAPIC was the low-yielding due to the dimerization of the alkylidene malononitrile during the enamine formation step. After testing a series of additives, we found that acetic anhydride in substoichiometric quantities enabled the enamine to be synthesized in quantitative yields. The acetic anhydride is presumed to be a unique acetate source that enhances the rate of the enamine formation to prevent the dimerization of alkylidene malononitrile. The method could also be applied to a number of other ylidenemalononitriles to synthesize a variety of mono- and disubstituted 2-halonicotinonitriles in moderate to high yields. To further lower the production costs to CAPIC, the newly revised synthesis from acetone to the 2-bromonicotinonitrile intermediate was implemented in a semi-continuous flow synthesis. The flow synthesis consists of first the Knoevenagel condensation between acetone and malononitrile in a basic aluminum oxide packed-bed column followed removal of any residual water by a 3 Å molecular sieve column to afford the alkylidene malononitrile. The alkylidene malononitrile is then met with a stream of DMF-DMA and acetic anhydride to form the enamine. Lastly, the enamine solution produced is added directly to a round-bottom containing acetic acid and HBr to perform the Pinner cyclization to the desired nicotinonitrile. With this process, the nicotinonitrile is produced in 69% overall yield within 2 h as opposed to over 24 h by the batch process. This process inspired our collaborators to develop a streamlined batch synthesis of the nicotinonitrile that will be implemented in an industrial setting. Overall, these improvements in the CAPIC process will enable at least a 75% decrease in the nevirapine production cost. Upon achieving a lower cost production to CAPIC, we investigated whether the proton in the Pinner cyclization could be replaced with an alternative electrophile to yield more diverse nicotinonitriles. After a deuterium incorporation experiment suggesting the mechanism of the Pinner cyclization would allow the addition of alternative electrophiles, we examined the cyclization with allyl bromide. While the original enamine only produced the desired allyl substituted nicotinonitrile in trace amounts, the ester analog of the enamine enabled a much more facile cyclization. However, the cyclization occurred with the ester to synthesize an allyl substituted α-pyrone. This prompted an investigation of the reactivity of the ester analog with other organohalides to synthesize a variety of α-pyrones. Lastly, three enamines were demonstrated to undergo a rapid amine exchange followed by a cyclization with primary amines to yield fluorescent products that were determined to be cyclic amidines by X-ray crystallography. A fluorescent "turn-on" effect is observed due to the amidines exhibiting emission intensities as high as 900 times greater than the starting enamines. The rate of cyclization is demonstrated to be substrate-dependent and simple structural variations to the enamine could both change the rate of the amine exchange/cyclization and emission wavelength. We further demonstrate the potential for one enamine to participate in biomolecule labeling applications.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9640
Format: Thesis

Title: The Acquisition of Intonation by L2 Spanish Speakers While on a Six Week Study Abroad Program in Valencia, Spain.
Creator: Craft, Jessica, González, Carolina, Reglero, Lara, Muntendam, Antje, Brandl, Anel, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Modern Languages and...
Show moreCraft, Jessica, González, Carolina, Reglero, Lara, Muntendam, Antje, Brandl, Anel, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics
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Abstract/Description: This study explores the acquisition of intonation by Spanish second language speakers while on a study abroad program in Valencia, Spain. The investigation consists of two groups: a control group and an instruction group. The instruction group participated in perception trainings while the control group did not. As this region of Spain is also bilingual, and there are no studies currently in the literature that describe the Spanish of Valencian speakers, this study also presents data from...
Show moreThis study explores the acquisition of intonation by Spanish second language speakers while on a study abroad program in Valencia, Spain. The investigation consists of two groups: a control group and an instruction group. The instruction group participated in perception trainings while the control group did not. As this region of Spain is also bilingual, and there are no studies currently in the literature that describe the Spanish of Valencian speakers, this study also presents data from native speakers who completed the same task as the non-native speakers.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9579
Format: Thesis

Title: Adjustment of Visually Observed Ship Winds (Beaufort Winds) in ICOADS.
Creator: Li, Keqiao, Bourassa, Mark Allan, Smith, Shawn R. (Shawn Richard), Liu, Guosheng, Chagnon, Jeffrey M., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of...
Show moreLi, Keqiao, Bourassa, Mark Allan, Smith, Shawn R. (Shawn Richard), Liu, Guosheng, Chagnon, Jeffrey M., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science
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Abstract/Description: ABSTRACT The bias adjustment of visually estimated ship winds in the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) is addressed through the comparison to the QuickSCAT scatterometer equivalent neutral winds. We assume that visually estimated winds and satellite scatterometer winds share similar characteristics, which are a function of stress rather than wind speed, and treat the estimated ship winds as equivalent neutral winds. Under such an assumption, we use statistical...
Show moreABSTRACT The bias adjustment of visually estimated ship winds in the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) is addressed through the comparison to the QuickSCAT scatterometer equivalent neutral winds. We assume that visually estimated winds and satellite scatterometer winds share similar characteristics, which are a function of stress rather than wind speed, and treat the estimated ship winds as equivalent neutral winds. Under such an assumption, we use statistical analyses to calculate the bias correction for estimated ship winds. Because observation practices vary by country and data provider, ICOADS identifies datasets by "deck" which is a number that allows for differentiating the source of the records (different deck numbers indicate different data collections provided to ICOADS, each which may contain one or more sources/countries). Three ICOADS decks 792, 926, and 992 contain the vast majority (~90%) of collocated visually estimated ship winds covering the time period November 1999-October 2009. The Root-Mean-Square difference between these visually estimated ship winds and scatterometer winds are 3.0ms-1, 2.8ms-1 and 2.9ms-1 for each major deck respectively. Following the methodology of Freilich (1997) and Freilich and Dunbar (1999), we numerically show that for lower wind speeds (0ms-1-5ms-1 in this case) that the random error in the component of the visually estimated ship winds causes an artificial appearance of an overestimation relative to satellite scatterometer winds. We also extend this statistical artifact test to test higher wind speeds (12ms-1-18ms-1 in this case) through a Monte Carlo approach. An apparent slight drop of the conditional sample means relative to reference line is shown to be a statistical artifact. These artificial biases are properly accounted in this study. A new bias correction, LMS correction, is calculated and also compared to prior corrections such as Lindau (1995). This new bias correction is available for wind speeds ranging from 0ms-1 to 17ms-1, because there are too few spatial and temporal collocated matches at wind speed greater than 17ms-1. We are limited in our ability to perform the adjustments required for intercallibration because when comparing visual winds to scatterometer winds the necessary wind speed observations are rare and small in magnitude.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_2016SP_Li_fsu_0071N_13246
Format: Thesis

Title: Advances in Mechanistic Photochemistry: Dienes and Trienes.
Creator: Redwood, Christopher Evan, Saltiel, Jack, Cogan, Nicholas G., Alabugin, Igor V., Hilinski, Edwin F., Stagg, Scott, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreRedwood, Christopher Evan, Saltiel, Jack, Cogan, Nicholas G., Alabugin, Igor V., Hilinski, Edwin F., Stagg, Scott, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
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Abstract/Description: Found throughout nature, science, industry, and medicine, conjugated dienes and trienes are ubiquitous. While their behavior changes upon substitution, they are all built from the same fundamental units of either 1,3-butadiene or the 1,3,5-hexatrienes. These basic units undergo fascinatingly complex photochemistry, which is mimicked or changed upon substitution. Developing a proper understanding the photochemistry of these fundamental units, and the reasons for divergence from their basic...
Show moreFound throughout nature, science, industry, and medicine, conjugated dienes and trienes are ubiquitous. While their behavior changes upon substitution, they are all built from the same fundamental units of either 1,3-butadiene or the 1,3,5-hexatrienes. These basic units undergo fascinatingly complex photochemistry, which is mimicked or changed upon substitution. Developing a proper understanding the photochemistry of these fundamental units, and the reasons for divergence from their basic behavior upon substitution, enables their use in optical applications and provides evidence which can be used to advance modern molecular quantum mechanics. The compounds studied are the 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadienes, the isomers of Vitamin D3, and the 1,3,5-hexatrienes. These compounds undergo reaction upon excitation with ultraviolet light that causes bond breakage, reordering, and reorganization. The primary process studied herein is the cis-trans photoisomerization of double bonds. This process is described primarily through the application of the one bond twist, hula-twist, and bicycle pedal photoisomerization mechanisms. Significant debate focused on finding a unifying explanation to excited state cis-trans photoisomerization currently surrounds these mechanisms. The reader is encouraged to access the abstract of the electronic dissertation to view the movies modeled for these cis-trans photoisomerizations, which are described later on page 63 of the dissertation. This dissertation is split between three parts. First, the photoisomerization of the 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadienes was studied in ethanol to search for evidence of conical intersections, which are considered equivalent to transition states in photochemical reactions. Second, since the validity of the hula-twist mechanism has been questioned on many occasions in the literature, the prima facie evidence used for its justification, the photoisomerizations of Previtamin D3 in volume confining media, were reinvestigated using more powerful methods. To conclude this work, the photoisomerizations of the 1,3,5-hexatrienes were reexamined, as no experimental evidence currently accounts for the majority of their photochemical decay. Surprisingly, results provided prior to this work account for less than 10% of the hexatrienes excited state decay. Extracting the information contained in this dissertation required the development and application of unique and sophisticated spectral decomposition techniques for UV-Vis, fluorescence, fluorescence excitation, and 1H-NMR spectroscopies. The results of this work suggest that conical intersections exist close to the twisted excited singlet geometries of the 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadienes, show that the original experimental evidence for the hula-twist mechanism was based upon a misinterpretation of the photoisomerizations of Previtamin D3, and reveal that cis-trans photoisomerization accounts for nearly all of the excited state decay of the 1,3,5-hexatrienes in solution. The impact of the first study reconciles previous reports for the photoaddition of alcohol to the 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadienes under a general path of addition to a short lived phantom intermediate. This mechanism is likely general and extends to similar molecules which undergo photoaddition of alcohol in the singlet state. It additionally confirms that the twisted singlet intermediate of the 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadienes is zwitterionic in nature, and that the bicycle pedal photoisomerization mechanism occurs in a step-wise and not concerted manner, in certain circumstances. The second study raises concern regarding the validity of the conclusions from numerous studies which reported hula-twist products, and perhaps should be reconsidered as photoisomerizations from one bond twist or bicycle pedal precursors. The concluding study signifies need for renewed interest in the photochemistry of the 1,3,5-hexatrienes by theory. The latest theoretical studies on the matter are not in harmony with the recently obtained experimental evidence.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_2016SP_Redwood_fsu_0071E_13189
Format: Thesis

Title: Advice and Discontent: Staging Identity through Legal Representation on the British Stage, 1660-1800.
Creator: Cerniglia, Sarah Morrow, Burke, Helen M., Upchurch, Charles, Daileader, Celia R., Ward, Candace, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
Abstract/Description: One of the key issues that arises when discussing the long eighteenth century is that of identity: self/individual, and group/national. Whereas recent critical work in both literary studies and historiography has concerned itself with the circumstances surrounding the long eighteenth century's fundamental shifts in conceptions of identity, much of this work overlooks the potential for identity to be relational, rather than either exterior or interior to an individual/group. This dissertation...
Show moreOne of the key issues that arises when discussing the long eighteenth century is that of identity: self/individual, and group/national. Whereas recent critical work in both literary studies and historiography has concerned itself with the circumstances surrounding the long eighteenth century's fundamental shifts in conceptions of identity, much of this work overlooks the potential for identity to be relational, rather than either exterior or interior to an individual/group. This dissertation explores the relational nature of identity formation in the long eighteenth century by examining a literary genre and a character that depend upon relational interactions in order to sustain themselves: stage comedies and lawyers. Representative dramatic comedies by writers such as George Farquhar, Richard Cumberland, Thomas Lewis O'Beirne, William Wycherly, Christopher Bullock, Henry Fielding, John O'Keeffe, Colley Cibber, George Colman and David Garrick, and Samuel Foote, offer opportunities to study staged representations of lawyers whose clients' issues essentially become those of identity formation. This dissertation argues that, for many characters struggling to establish an identity that can participate in a national British identity, the key to such participation lies in access to real property; when access to real property is denied them, they must turn to someone who is himself struggling to establish an identity. At this point, lawyers in eighteenth-century British comedies become much more than stock characters or mere comic relief. Instead, the lawyer—often ostracized and derided himself—becomes a mediator not just of individual identity, but of "Britishness." Careful attention to lawyers' success representing different types of clients struggling to establish identities through access to real property highlights both the power of relational identity formation and the key roles that arguably minor characters have in arbitrating issues of national significance.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_2017SP_Cerniglia_fsu_0071E_13700
Format: Thesis

Title: Against Reason a Defense of Moderate Normative Skepticism.
Creator: Vadakin, Aron, Mele, Alfred R., Kavka, Martin, Rawling, Piers, Clarke, Randolph K., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Philosophy
Abstract/Description: This dissertation both surveys contemporary work in metanormativity and argues for a position that I call moderate normative skepticism. I begin by evaluating efforts to characterize the normative domain and conclude that while some normative concepts and properties are amenable to naturalistic programs of reduction and analysis, other normative concepts and properties are not. I proceed to clarify accounts of reasons, reasoning, and rationality; this establishes argumentative room to...
Show moreThis dissertation both surveys contemporary work in metanormativity and argues for a position that I call moderate normative skepticism. I begin by evaluating efforts to characterize the normative domain and conclude that while some normative concepts and properties are amenable to naturalistic programs of reduction and analysis, other normative concepts and properties are not. I proceed to clarify accounts of reasons, reasoning, and rationality; this establishes argumentative room to maneuver for my moderate normative skepticism. Next, I evaluate moral error theories, which I count as close cousins of my own thesis, and I note how these error theories have more profound implications than their authors realize. I claim that, understood properly, these error theories extend to the domain of normative reasons in general. I accept and defend the extension of error theory as a viable position. In the final chapter of my dissertation, I defend my position against charges of self-defeat and attempt to anticipate and defuse potential criticisms.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_FALL2017_Vadakin_fsu_0071E_14258
Format: Thesis

Title: Age Differences in the Subjective Valuation of Technology.
Creator: Best, Ryan M., Charness, Neil, Isaac, R. Mark (Robert Mark), Boot, Walter Richard, Kelley, Colleen M., Sachs-Ericsson, Natalie J., Florida State University, College of Arts and...
Show moreBest, Ryan M., Charness, Neil, Isaac, R. Mark (Robert Mark), Boot, Walter Richard, Kelley, Colleen M., Sachs-Ericsson, Natalie J., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
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Abstract/Description: Drawing from the decision-making literature, the framing and cross-modal discounting paradigms were used to investigate the effect of age on the subjective valuation of technology. Using the framing paradigm to covertly measure age differences in relative subjective valuation, it was hypothesized that older adults would undervalue technology relative to younger adults and when compared to non-technology-related rewards. Through the use of the cross-modal discounting paradigm, it was also...
Show moreDrawing from the decision-making literature, the framing and cross-modal discounting paradigms were used to investigate the effect of age on the subjective valuation of technology. Using the framing paradigm to covertly measure age differences in relative subjective valuation, it was hypothesized that older adults would undervalue technology relative to younger adults and when compared to non-technology-related rewards. Through the use of the cross-modal discounting paradigm, it was also hypothesized that older adults would display a larger perceived attribute difference between technology and non-technology-related rewards when compared to younger adults. Three experiments were conducted utilizing both online and in-lab samples. Analysis of the framing items revealed few age differences in risky choice preferences across the scenario modalities. Gift cards for technology or non-technology-related items were not found to be subjectively valued differently between age groups, or differently from unallocated money within age groups. Analysis of the cross-modal discounting items revealed a subset of individuals, evenly distributed across age groups, which perceived a large attribute difference between the gift cards, showing a preference for the non-technology-related reward. These outwardly contradictory results and implications for older adults and technology adoption are discussed.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_2016SU_Best_fsu_0071E_13205
Format: Thesis

Title: The Alchemy of Sexuality in Early Modern English Lyric Poetry.
Creator: Jennings, Lisa Gay, Boehrer, Bruce Thomas, Upchurch, Charles, Coldiron, A. E. B. (Anne Elizabeth Banks), Johnson, David F. (David Frame), Vitkus, Daniel J., Florida State...
Show moreJennings, Lisa Gay, Boehrer, Bruce Thomas, Upchurch, Charles, Coldiron, A. E. B. (Anne Elizabeth Banks), Johnson, David F. (David Frame), Vitkus, Daniel J., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
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Abstract/Description: My dissertation, The Alchemy of Sexuality in Early Modern English Lyric Poetry examines the complex relationship of poetry, sexuality and religion to alchemy in early modern England. I analyze poetic representations of transgressive sexuality by William Shakespeare, Edmund Spenser, John Donne, Thomas Nashe, and Thomas Carew. What emerges from my study is the profound link between alchemical metaphors and poetic expressions of sexuality. These poetic expressions of sexuality develop the poets'...
Show moreMy dissertation, The Alchemy of Sexuality in Early Modern English Lyric Poetry examines the complex relationship of poetry, sexuality and religion to alchemy in early modern England. I analyze poetic representations of transgressive sexuality by William Shakespeare, Edmund Spenser, John Donne, Thomas Nashe, and Thomas Carew. What emerges from my study is the profound link between alchemical metaphors and poetic expressions of sexuality. These poetic expressions of sexuality develop the poets' interrogation of gender hierarchy in early modern England. This dissertation has theoretical implications for how we read early modern English poetry, but there are also physiological dimensions. I examine representations of sex and the disciplined Foucauldian early modern body. Notwithstanding, my primary focus of this disciplined body are the humoral processes that were thought to govern early modern physiology and their Galenic ties to alchemy. As my study makes clear, alchemy represents an interventionist conjunction within the Galenic-Humoral economy that predominated in early modern England. In each chapter I illuminate the means by which the poets utilize alchemical iconography to codify a transgressive body and therefore illuminate an illicit sexuality. In the introductory chapter, I outline the history of alchemy and its relationship to sexuality and religion, and by extension to the early modern body. I end the introduction by asserting that the poets' use of alchemy is not only a symbol of the creative imagination, but also an attempt to map the contours of desire and the poetic mind. Chapter two focuses on books 2 and 3 of Spenser's epic, The Faerie Queene. In this chapter I seek to develop a theory which will account for the excessive erotica found in these books. At first glance the anachronistic term of pornography would seem to account for the sexual activity found in these books. Nonetheless, pornography's contextual later development, and the slipperiness of the term fail to accommodate early modern theories of erotic reading and the disruptive emotions engendered by such readings. Therefore, I suggest the term of passionate discourse which more fully explains the voyeuristic nature of Spenser's epic and his ability to suspend the assault on the body which erotica could potentially provoke. In chapter three I continue my examination of alchemy and its ties to sexuality by a detailed analysis of Shakespeare's "procreative sonnets." I discuss Shakespeare's use of alchemy which enables his creation of a sexually appropriate hermaphrodite thus challenging regimes against the practice of sodomy. While chapter three focuses on Shakespeare's hermaphroditic creation, chapter four considers Donne's appropriation of alchemy in order to substantiate what I term an alchemic transcendental sexuality. Donne's alchemic sexuality is constituted by the metaphors of alchemy as well as the religious discourse of Familism. As with Spenser and Shakespeare, Donne ultimately challenges sexual understandings of the body and the systems that sought to impose artificial and sexual boundaries on the early modern body. Similarly, chapter five contemplates sexual challenges to religious understanding of the body. My focus is Thomas Nashe's "The Choise of Valentines" and Thomas Carew's "A Rapture." Both Nashe and Carew use their speakers to trope sexual performance as alchemical labor and to interrogate women's reproductive potential. Lastly, I conclude this study by commenting on the aesthetic success of the poems. I believe that those poems which have found a prominent place in the English literary canon owe their prominence to how well they have integrated the discourses of alchemy, sex, and religion in their more overtly sexual poetry. Yet ultimately, this dissertation is about the process of embodiment, and therefore I assert that each poet in this dissertation anchor themselves in the slippery terrain of alchemy in a concerted effort to find meaning among the chaos of the body.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9358
Format: Thesis

Title: Algorithms for Solving Linear Differential Equations with Rational Function Coefficients.
Creator: Imamoglu, Erdal, van Hoeij, Mark, van Engelen, Robert, Agashe, Amod S. (Amod Sadanand), Aldrovandi, Ettore, Aluffi, Paolo, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences...
Show moreImamoglu, Erdal, van Hoeij, Mark, van Engelen, Robert, Agashe, Amod S. (Amod Sadanand), Aldrovandi, Ettore, Aluffi, Paolo, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Mathematics
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Abstract/Description: This thesis introduces two new algorithms to find hypergeometric solutions of second order regular singular differential operators with rational function or polynomial coefficients. Algorithm 3.2.1 searches for solutions of type: exp(∫ r dx) ⋅ ₂F₁ (a₁,a₂;b₁;f) and Algorithm 5.2.1 searches for solutions of type exp(∫ r dx) (r₀ ⋅ ₂F₁(a₁,a₂;b₁;f) + r₁ ⋅ ₂F´₁ (a₁,a₂;b₁;f)) where f, r, r₀, r₁ ∈ ℚ̅(̅x̅)̅ and a₁,a₂,b₁ ∈ ℚ and denotes the Gauss hypergeometric function. The algorithms use modular...
Show moreThis thesis introduces two new algorithms to find hypergeometric solutions of second order regular singular differential operators with rational function or polynomial coefficients. Algorithm 3.2.1 searches for solutions of type: exp(∫ r dx) ⋅ ₂F₁ (a₁,a₂;b₁;f) and Algorithm 5.2.1 searches for solutions of type exp(∫ r dx) (r₀ ⋅ ₂F₁(a₁,a₂;b₁;f) + r₁ ⋅ ₂F´₁ (a₁,a₂;b₁;f)) where f, r, r₀, r₁ ∈ ℚ̅(̅x̅)̅ and a₁,a₂,b₁ ∈ ℚ and denotes the Gauss hypergeometric function. The algorithms use modular reduction, Hensel lifting, rational function reconstruction, and rational number reconstruction to do so. Numerous examples from different branches of science (mostly from combinatorics and physics) showed that the algorithms presented in this thesis are very effective. Presently, Algorithm 5.2.1 is the most general algorithm in the literature to find hypergeometric solutions of such operators. This thesis also introduces a fast algorithm (Algorithm 4.2.3) to find integral bases for arbitrary order regular singular differential operators with rational function or polynomial coefficients. A normalized (Algorithm 4.3.1) integral basis for a differential operator provides us transformations that convert the differential operator to its standard forms (Algorithm 5.1.1) which are easier to solve.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Imamoglu_fsu_0071E_13942
Format: Thesis

Title: All the Devils.
Creator: Mink, Chris, Belieu, Erin, Kavka, Martin, Kirby, David, Kimbrell, James, Roberts, Diane, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
Abstract/Description: This manuscript is a collection of poems that relies in part on an unavoidable lineage of Southern poetics, while simultaneously asserting a divergence from that poetic and reimagining how reconciliations with that lineage may be reached. Likewise, the personalities and voices within each poem play a contributing role in the flawed specter of place and event. In exchange for their confession and self-implication of deeds, fantasies, and fears, they seek a kind of pride not found in the simple...
Show moreThis manuscript is a collection of poems that relies in part on an unavoidable lineage of Southern poetics, while simultaneously asserting a divergence from that poetic and reimagining how reconciliations with that lineage may be reached. Likewise, the personalities and voices within each poem play a contributing role in the flawed specter of place and event. In exchange for their confession and self-implication of deeds, fantasies, and fears, they seek a kind of pride not found in the simple narratives of redemption.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9218
Format: Thesis

Title: Allosteric Activation of Human Glucokinase.
Creator: Bowler, Joseph M., Miller, Brian G., Stefanovic, Branko, Logan, Timothy M., Yang, Wei, Zhu, Lei, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry...
Show moreBowler, Joseph M., Miller, Brian G., Stefanovic, Branko, Logan, Timothy M., Yang, Wei, Zhu, Lei, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
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Abstract/Description: The hexokinase family of enzymes catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of glucose to generate glucose 6-phosphate and ADP. Consistent with highly evolved catalysts, hexokinases I-III possess high apparent substrate affinities (low Km) as a result of specificity optimization. Hexokinase IV, commonly known as glucokinase (GCK), has a low apparent affinity for its physiological substrate glucose and is not significantly inhibited by the reaction product. Interestingly, it displays...
Show moreThe hexokinase family of enzymes catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of glucose to generate glucose 6-phosphate and ADP. Consistent with highly evolved catalysts, hexokinases I-III possess high apparent substrate affinities (low Km) as a result of specificity optimization. Hexokinase IV, commonly known as glucokinase (GCK), has a low apparent affinity for its physiological substrate glucose and is not significantly inhibited by the reaction product. Interestingly, it displays positively cooperative kinetic behavior while functioning exclusively as a monomer with a single glucose binding site. A lag in steady-state saturation curves places the inflection point in the range of physiological blood glucose levels, allowing activity to be highly tunable in this region. Fasting and fed states can therefore dictate the rate of glucose phosphorylation in the reaction that represents the rate-limiting factor of insulin release and glycogen synthesis. The most compelling evidence for the pivotal role of GCK in glucose homeostasis was the discovery of mutations in the glk gene that result in long-term glycemic complications. Established as a central regulator of blood glucose, efforts to target GCK in the treatment of diabetic disorders resulted in the development of glucokinase activators. Small-molecule activators of GCK bind to an allosteric site and increase the enzyme's apparent affinity for glucose (K0.5). Effects on turnover (kcat) and cooperativity (Hill coefficient) can vary widely, and these differences have remained largely uninvestigated. Conflicting kinetic models have been proposed in the literature that disagree as to whether glucose binding is pre-requisite to activator association. Our kinetic activity assays, obtained via stopped-flow, suggest that activators can indeed associate with some population of GCK in the absence of glucose. To investigate the differing effects on turnover by activators, we performed viscosity variation assays. We found that the kcat of GCK is partly dependent on some diffusion-limited process, such as product release. In the presence of different activators, whose effects on turnover varied from unchanged to augmented 30%, we observed a significant change in dependence for just one of the three compounds tested. Compound A increased kcat by 10% and showed a nearly complete dependence upon solvent viscosity, suggesting that the activator functions by accelerating some preceding event that makes product release the determinant for turnover. The precise in vivo regulation of GCK and the presence of its highly effective allosteric activation site have led some to speculate the existence of an endogenous activator. Such a molecule would likely provide a safe scaffold in the design of future GCK therapeutics. We tested a variety of biogenic compounds using linked-enzyme assays for activating properties. When these tests proved unsuccessful, we developed a methodology that would provide the ability to genetically select for activating cyclic peptides among a library of 106 unique members. We combined a proven genetic selection system devised in-house with a uniquely engineered plasmid construct that generates randomized cyclic peptides in vivo. The methodology was optimized to be sensitive to the presence of GCK activation. In addition, we describe alternative approaches and ongoing efforts on this front.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9147
Format: Thesis

Title: Altered Nucleosome Positions at Transcription Start Sites in Maize Haplotypes and Mutants of Putative Chromatin Remodelers.
Creator: Stroud, Linda Kozma, McGinnis, Karen M., Hurt, Myra M., Bass, Hank W., Chadwick, Brian P., Dennis, Jonathan Hancock, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreStroud, Linda Kozma, McGinnis, Karen M., Hurt, Myra M., Bass, Hank W., Chadwick, Brian P., Dennis, Jonathan Hancock, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Science
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Abstract/Description: Chromatin remodelers alter DNA-histone interactions in eukaryotic organisms, and have been well characterized in yeast and Arabidopsis. While there are maize proteins with similar domains as known remodelers, the ability of the maize proteins to alter nucleosome position has not been reported. Mutant alleles of genes encoding several maize proteins (RMR1, CHR101, CHR106, CHR127, CHR156, CHB102, and CHR120) with similar functional domains to known chromatin remodelers were identified. Altered...
Show moreChromatin remodelers alter DNA-histone interactions in eukaryotic organisms, and have been well characterized in yeast and Arabidopsis. While there are maize proteins with similar domains as known remodelers, the ability of the maize proteins to alter nucleosome position has not been reported. Mutant alleles of genes encoding several maize proteins (RMR1, CHR101, CHR106, CHR127, CHR156, CHB102, and CHR120) with similar functional domains to known chromatin remodelers were identified. Altered expression of Chr101, Chr106, Chr127, Chr156, Chb102, and Chr120 was demonstrated in plants homozygous for the mutant alleles. These mutant genotypes were subjected to nucleosome position analysis to determine if misregulation of putative maize chromatin proteins would lead to altered DNA-histone interactions. Nucleosome position changes were observed in plants homozygous for chr101, chr106, chr127, chr156, chb102, and chr120 mutant alleles, suggesting that CHR101, CHR106, CHR127, CHR156, CHB102, and CHR120 may affect chromatin structure. The role of RNA polymerases in altering DNA-histone interactions was also tested. Changes in nucleosome position were demonstrated in homozygous mop2-1 individuals. These changes were demonstrated at the b1 tandem repeats and at newly identified loci. While the α-amanitin-inhibited RNA polymerase II demonstrated reduced expression of an RNA polymerase II transcribed gene, no changes in nucleosome position were detected in the α-amanitin-treated plants. Additionally, differential DNA-histone interactions and altered expression of putative chromatin remodelers in different maize haplotypes suggest a role for differentially expressed chromatin proteins in haplotype-specific variation.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Stroud_fsu_0071E_13987
Format: Thesis

Title: Amelioration of Anxiety Sensitivity Cognitive Concerns: Exposure to Dissociative Symptoms.
Creator: Norr, Aaron Martin, Schmidt, Norman B., Winegardner, Mark, Li, Wen (Professor of Psychology), Cougle, Jesse R. (Jesse Ray), McNulty, James, Florida State University, College of...
Show moreNorr, Aaron Martin, Schmidt, Norman B., Winegardner, Mark, Li, Wen (Professor of Psychology), Cougle, Jesse R. (Jesse Ray), McNulty, James, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
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Abstract/Description: Anxiety sensitivity (AS) has become one of the most well researched risk factors for the development of psychopathology. Research has found that the AS subfactor of cognitive concerns may play an important role in PTSD, depression, and suicide. AS reduction protocols commonly use interoceptive exposure (IE), or exposure to bodily sensations, to reduce AS. However, current IE paradigms (e.g., CO2 inhalation, straw breathing, hyperventilation) primarily induce physical anxiety symptoms (e.g.,...
Show moreAnxiety sensitivity (AS) has become one of the most well researched risk factors for the development of psychopathology. Research has found that the AS subfactor of cognitive concerns may play an important role in PTSD, depression, and suicide. AS reduction protocols commonly use interoceptive exposure (IE), or exposure to bodily sensations, to reduce AS. However, current IE paradigms (e.g., CO2 inhalation, straw breathing, hyperventilation) primarily induce physical anxiety symptoms (e.g., racing heart, dizziness), and thus might not be optimal for the reduction of AS cognitive concerns. Previous work has shown that fear reactivity during the induction of dissociative symptoms is uniquely associated with AS cognitive concerns, and therefore it is possible that repeated exposure to dissociative symptoms will result in habituation and decreased AS cognitive concerns. The current study investigated whether repeated exposure to the induction of dissociative symptoms would reduce AS cognitive concerns, and thus be viable as an IE component of treatments directly targeting AS cognitive concerns. Participants (N = 50) who scored at or above 1 SD above the mean on the ASI-3 cognitive subscale were randomly assigned to repeated exposure to dissociative symptoms through audio-visual stimulation or to a control condition (repeatedly listening to classical music). Results revealed that the classical music control condition resulted in significant decreases in AS cognitive concerns as compared the active dissociation exposure treatment. Unfortunately, these results do not support the viability of this exposure paradigm in the current format as a treatment for elevated AS cognitive concerns. Future directions include increasing the potency of the symptoms induced, increasing the number of exposures, and providing a stronger conceptual framework for the participants prior to undergoing the exposures.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Norr_fsu_0071E_13096
Format: Thesis

Title: The American Revolution Bicentennial in Florida State Authority, Grassroots Organizing, and the Creation of Memory and Patriotic Comemmoration.
Creator: Belcher, Breaden James, Koslow, Jennifer Lisa, Frank, Andrew, Mooney, Katherine Carmines, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of History
Abstract/Description: The American Revolution Bicentennial in Florida: State Authority, Grassroots Organizing, and the Creation of Memory and Patriotic Commemoration examines the ways in which the national bicentennial was celebrated in Florida. Using a cultural historical approach, this thesis looks at how government officials, politicians, and private citizens constructed patriotic historical narratives during a time of heightened social and political divisiveness. Doing so illuminates the ways in which...
Show moreThe American Revolution Bicentennial in Florida: State Authority, Grassroots Organizing, and the Creation of Memory and Patriotic Commemoration examines the ways in which the national bicentennial was celebrated in Florida. Using a cultural historical approach, this thesis looks at how government officials, politicians, and private citizens constructed patriotic historical narratives during a time of heightened social and political divisiveness. Doing so illuminates the ways in which Floridians adapted consensus narratives of history to contemporary political needs. Furthermore, this thesis examines the legacy of the national bicentennial on the practice of patriotic commemoration and remembrance in the United States today. The records of the American Revolution Bicentennial Commission of Florida serve as the chief source of material for this thesis. These records are housed at the State Archives of Florida in Tallahassee, and include institutional records, American Revolution Bicentennial Administration literature, newspaper articles, and tourism brochures. Each of these pieces are vitally important to analyzing the dialectic of commemoration between government officials and the public throughout the 1970s.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_2017SP_Belcher_fsu_0071N_13749
Format: Thesis

Title: Analysis and Prediction of Integrated Kinetic Energy in Atlantic Tropical Cyclones.
Creator: Kozar, Michael E., Misra, Vasubandhu, Ye, Ming, Hart, Robert E. (Robert Edward), Sura, Philip, Clarke, Allan J., Powell, Mark Dillon, Florida State University, College of Arts...
Show moreKozar, Michael E., Misra, Vasubandhu, Ye, Ming, Hart, Robert E. (Robert Edward), Sura, Philip, Clarke, Allan J., Powell, Mark Dillon, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science
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Abstract/Description: Integrated kinetic energy (IKE) is a recently developed metric that approximates the destructive potential of a tropical cyclone by assessing the size and strength of its wind field. Despite the potential usefulness of the IKE metric, there are few, if any, operational tools that are specifically designed to forecast IKE in real-time. Therefore, IKE and tropical cyclone structure are analyzed within historical Atlantic tropical cyclones from the past two decades in order to develop an...
Show moreIntegrated kinetic energy (IKE) is a recently developed metric that approximates the destructive potential of a tropical cyclone by assessing the size and strength of its wind field. Despite the potential usefulness of the IKE metric, there are few, if any, operational tools that are specifically designed to forecast IKE in real-time. Therefore, IKE and tropical cyclone structure are analyzed within historical Atlantic tropical cyclones from the past two decades in order to develop an understanding of the environmental and internal storm-driven processes that govern IKE variability. This analysis concurs with past research that IKE growth and decay is influenced by both traditional tropical cyclone development mechanisms and by other features such as extratropical transition and trough interactions. Using this framework, a series of statistical prediction tools are created in an effort to project IKE in Atlantic tropical cyclones from a series of relevant normalized input parameters. The resulting IKE prediction schemes are titled the "Statistical Prediction of Integrated Kinetic Energy (SPIKE)". The first version of SPIKE utilizes simple linear regression to project historical IKE quantities in a perfect prognostic mode for all storms between 1990 and 2011. This primitive model acts as a proof of concept, revealing that IKE can be skillfully forecasted relative to persistence out to 72 hours by even the simplest of statistical models if given accurate estimates of various metrics measured throughout the storm and its environment. The proof-of-concept version of SPIKE is improved upon in its second version, SPIKE2, by incorporating a more sophisticated system of adaptive statistical models. A system of artificial neural networks replaces the linear regression model to better capture the nonlinear relationships in the TC-environment system. In a perfect prognostic approach with analyzed input parameters, the neural networks outperform the linear models in nearly every measurable way. The system of neural networks is also more versatile, as it is capable of producing both deterministic and probabilistic tools. Overall, the results from these perfect prognostic exercises suggest that SPIKE2 has a high potential skill level relative to persistence and several other benchmarks. Finally, in an effort to assess its real-time performance, the SPIKE2 forecasting system is run in a mock-operational hindcast mode for the 1990 to 2011 North Atlantic hurricane seasons. Hindcasts of IKE are produced in this manner by running the neural networks with hindcasted input parameters from NOAA's second generation Global Ensemble Forecast System reforecast dataset. Ultimately, the results of the hindcast exercises indicate that the neural network system is capable of skillfully forecasting IKE in an operational setting at a level significantly higher than climatology and persistence. Ultimately, forecasts of IKE from these neural networks could potentially be an asset for operational meteorologists that would complement existing forecast tools in an effort to better assess the damage potential of landfalling tropical cyclones, particularly with regards to storm surge damage.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9376
Format: Thesis

Title: An Analysis of Conjugate Harmonic Components of Monogenic Functions and Lambda Harmonic Functions.
Creator: Ballenger-Fazzone, Brendon Kerr, Nolder, Craig, Harper, Kristine, Aldrovandi, Ettore, Case, Bettye Anne, Quine, J. R. (John R.), Ryan, John Barry, Florida State University,...
Show moreBallenger-Fazzone, Brendon Kerr, Nolder, Craig, Harper, Kristine, Aldrovandi, Ettore, Case, Bettye Anne, Quine, J. R. (John R.), Ryan, John Barry, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Mathematics
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Abstract/Description: Clifford analysis is seen as the higher dimensional analogue of complex analysis. This includes a rich study of Clifford algebras and, in particular, monogenic functions, or Clifford-valued functions that lie in the kernel of the Cauchy-Riemann operator. In this dissertation, we explore the relationships between the harmonic components of monogenic functions and expand upon the notion of conjugate harmonic functions. We show that properties of the even part of a Clifford-valued function...
Show moreClifford analysis is seen as the higher dimensional analogue of complex analysis. This includes a rich study of Clifford algebras and, in particular, monogenic functions, or Clifford-valued functions that lie in the kernel of the Cauchy-Riemann operator. In this dissertation, we explore the relationships between the harmonic components of monogenic functions and expand upon the notion of conjugate harmonic functions. We show that properties of the even part of a Clifford-valued function determine properties of the odd part and vice versa. We also explore the theory of functions lying in the kernel of a generalized Laplace operator, the λ-Laplacian. We explore the properties of these so-called λ-harmonic functions and give the solution to the Dirichlet problem for the λ-harmonic functions on annular domains in Rⁿ.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_2016SP_BallengerFazzone_fsu_0071E_13136
Format: Thesis

Title: Analysis of Functions of Split-Complex, Multicomplex, and Split-Quaternionic Variables and Their Associated Conformal Geometries.
Creator: Emanuello, John Anthony, Nolder, Craig, Tabor, Samuel Lynn, Case, Bettye Anne, Quine, J. R. (John R.), Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of...
Show moreEmanuello, John Anthony, Nolder, Craig, Tabor, Samuel Lynn, Case, Bettye Anne, Quine, J. R. (John R.), Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Mathematics
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Abstract/Description: The connections between algebra, geometry, and analysis have led the way for numerous results in many areas of mathematics, especially complex analysis. Considerable effort has been made to develop higher dimensional analogues of the complex numbers, such as Clifford algebras and Multicomplex numbers. These rely heavily on geometric notions, and we explore the analysis which results. This is what is called hyper-complex analysis. This dissertation explores the most prominent of these higher...
Show moreThe connections between algebra, geometry, and analysis have led the way for numerous results in many areas of mathematics, especially complex analysis. Considerable effort has been made to develop higher dimensional analogues of the complex numbers, such as Clifford algebras and Multicomplex numbers. These rely heavily on geometric notions, and we explore the analysis which results. This is what is called hyper-complex analysis. This dissertation explores the most prominent of these higher dimensional analogues and highlights a many of the relevant results which have appeared in the last four decades, and introduces new ideas which can be used to further the research of this discipline. Indeed, the objects of interest are Clifford algebras, the algebra of the Multicomplex numbers, and functions which are valued in these algebras and lie in the kernels of linear operators. These lead to prominent results in Clifford analysis and multicomplex analysis which can be viewed as analogues of complex analysis. Additionally, we explain the link between Clifford algebras and conformal geometry. We explore two low dimensional examples, namely the split-complex numbers and split-quaternions, and demonstrate how linear fractional transformations are conformal mappings in these settings.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9326
Format: Thesis

Title: An Analysis of Light Metaphors in Goethe's Faust.
Creator: Childs, Matthew Robert, Weber, Christian, Maier-Katkin, Birgit, Weber, Alina Dana, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Modern Languages and...
Show moreChilds, Matthew Robert, Weber, Christian, Maier-Katkin, Birgit, Weber, Alina Dana, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics
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Abstract/Description: This paper examines a series of light metaphors in Goethe's Faust. The purpose is to display a connection between each light metaphor and major developments in Faust's character, namely his development from a restless scholar imprisoned in his study to a blind man shortly before his death. The order in which the light metaphors are introduced is not chronological; rather they follow a thematic sequence from night to day to night. The purpose of this particular progression is to show more...
Show moreThis paper examines a series of light metaphors in Goethe's Faust. The purpose is to display a connection between each light metaphor and major developments in Faust's character, namely his development from a restless scholar imprisoned in his study to a blind man shortly before his death. The order in which the light metaphors are introduced is not chronological; rather they follow a thematic sequence from night to day to night. The purpose of this particular progression is to show more clearly Faust's movement from one mindset to the next. The order, moonlight to rising sun to rainbow to setting sun to inner light, reinforces much of what is claimed in this paper's main argument. I assert that a series of light metaphors are connected to Faust as the subjective extensions and expressions of his thoughts about the nature of knowledge and man's place in relation to the Absolute in the wake of series of trials and tribulations. Furthermore, I argue that these light metaphors, when connected thematically as opposed to chronologically, trace the cyclical nature of Faust's, and possibly man's, intellectual enterprise. This thesis combines my own interpretation of the main text with those of other major scholars in the field in order to best argue my points. In the end it will be shown that the various light metaphors are connected to Faust's personal development and display the perennial disposition of human activity as he searches for truth and knowledge in a world of uncertainty.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9569
Format: Thesis

Title: Analysis of Polar Mesocyclonic Surface Turbulent Fluxes in the Arctic System Reanalysis (ASRv1) Dataset.
Creator: Ahern, Kyle Kevin, Bourassa, Mark Allan, Hart, Robert E. (Robert Edward), Fuelberg, Henry E., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean,...
Show moreAhern, Kyle Kevin, Bourassa, Mark Allan, Hart, Robert E. (Robert Edward), Fuelberg, Henry E., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science
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Abstract/Description: At the polar latitudes, maritime mesocyclones form throughout the year, often near or embedded within cloud streets associated with massive cold air outbreaks. Such storms appear on the 100–1000 km horizontal scale. However, polar mesocyclones tend to exist on the lesser end of the horizontal scale. As a storm's size decreases, the likelihood that they will be well-represented in data also decreases. Underrepresentation of polar mesocyclones in reanalyses will affect climatological forecasts...
Show moreAt the polar latitudes, maritime mesocyclones form throughout the year, often near or embedded within cloud streets associated with massive cold air outbreaks. Such storms appear on the 100–1000 km horizontal scale. However, polar mesocyclones tend to exist on the lesser end of the horizontal scale. As a storm's size decreases, the likelihood that they will be well-represented in data also decreases. Underrepresentation of polar mesocyclones in reanalyses will affect climatological forecasts and research that utilize such data. Namely, the air-sea interactions associated with polar mesocyclones will be undercut, thereby impacting estimates of ocean circulation. Additionally, many reanalyses underestimate near-surface wind speeds, which is linked to but not exclusively dependent upon the problems associated with data resolution. Harsh polar conditions make regions of scientific interest unfavorable for in situ data collection, which compounds the aforementioned issues. This research examines the relatively new Arctic System Reanalysis (ASRv1) and its ability to represent three polar mesocyclonic systems of differing size. Should ASRv1 represent polar mesocyclones effectively, it could be a prime candidate in establishing an arctic atmospheric state for air-sea modeling. The product is compared to high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations, with ERA-Interim information providing the initial and boundary conditions. Simulation results are checked against available 10m equivalent neutral wind data from QuikSCAT to ensure that the model is producing reasonable atmospheric conditions. Comparisons are drawn for near-surface wind fields and surface turbulent fluxes to focus on ASRv1's depictions of air-sea interactions for polar mesocyclones. Differences betwixt ASRv1 and the WRF simulations are given with the likely explanations—physical, dynamical, and data-based (e.g., resolution, model options)—behind such differences.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9536
Format: Thesis

Title: Analysis of Prospective Fog Warning Systems Using AWOS/ASOS Station Data Throughout the State of Florida.
Creator: Rivard, Justin, Ray, Peter S., Chagnon, Jeﬀrey M., Hart, Robert Edward, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science
Abstract/Description: Fog and smoke can combine to form dangerous zero visibility conditions along roadways throughout the state of Florida. The ability to forecast when and where fog will occur is problematic. Fog can occur over large and small scales, and is dependent on many meteorological and geographic variables. This study used Automated Weather Observation Stations (AWOS) and Automated Surface Observing Systems (ASOS) throughout the state of Florida to develop a climatology to ascertain what conditions are...
Show moreFog and smoke can combine to form dangerous zero visibility conditions along roadways throughout the state of Florida. The ability to forecast when and where fog will occur is problematic. Fog can occur over large and small scales, and is dependent on many meteorological and geographic variables. This study used Automated Weather Observation Stations (AWOS) and Automated Surface Observing Systems (ASOS) throughout the state of Florida to develop a climatology to ascertain what conditions are necessary for radiation fog development. Forecasted dewpoint depression, wind speed, cooling rates, the derived vertical hydrolapse, and other variables were shown to all affect fog formation. Using this information, a fog forecasting model was developed. The model was used to determine a three-hour binary forecast for the early morning hours, every day, at the location of the mesonet stations used. The model would predict fog if meteorological conditions preceding the forecasting time met a series of threshold levels. The goal was to make the model easy to deploy so that law enforcement can make a fast decision of whether to warn the public about potentially dangerous road conditions. The model was compared to other forecasting techniques such as the Model Output Statistics (MOS) fog product and climatology. After comparing the model to reference forecasts, it was found that the model outperformed climatology by a significant margin and was able to detect more fog events than MOS. However, the model had a higher false alarm rate and lower percent forecasts correct compared to MOS .
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9236
Format: Thesis

Title: Analysis of Regularity and Convergence of Discretization Methods for the Stochastic Heat Equation Forced by Space-Time White Noise.
Creator: Wills, Anthony Clinton, Wang, Xiaoming, Ewald, Brian D., Reina, Laura, Bowers, Philip L., Case, Bettye Anne, Ökten, Giray, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences...
Show moreWills, Anthony Clinton, Wang, Xiaoming, Ewald, Brian D., Reina, Laura, Bowers, Philip L., Case, Bettye Anne, Ökten, Giray, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Mathematics
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Abstract/Description: We consider the heat equation forced by a space-time white noise and with periodic boundary conditions in one dimension. The equation is discretized in space using four different methods; spectral collocation, spectral truncation, finite differences, and finite elements. For each of these methods we derive a space-time white noise approximation and a formula for the covariance structure of the solution to the discretized equation. The convergence rates are analyzed for each of the methods as...
Show moreWe consider the heat equation forced by a space-time white noise and with periodic boundary conditions in one dimension. The equation is discretized in space using four different methods; spectral collocation, spectral truncation, finite differences, and finite elements. For each of these methods we derive a space-time white noise approximation and a formula for the covariance structure of the solution to the discretized equation. The convergence rates are analyzed for each of the methods as the spatial discretization becomes arbitrarily fine and this is confirmed numerically. Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions are also considered. We then derive covariance structure formulas for the two dimensional stochastic heat equation using each of the different methods. In two dimensions the solution does not have a finite variance and the formulas for the covariance structure using different methods does not agree in the limit. This means we must analyze the convergence in a different way than the one dimensional problem. To understand this difference in the solution as the spatial dimension increases, we find the Sobolev space in which the approximate solution converges to the solution in one and two dimensions. This result is then generalized to n dimensions. This gives a precise statement about the regularity of the solution as the spatial dimension increases. Finally, we consider a generalization of the stochastic heat equation where the forcing term is the spatial derivative of a space-time white noise. For this equation we derive formulas for the covariance structure of the discretized equation using the spectral truncation and finite difference method. Numerical simulation results are presented and some qualitative comparisons between these two methods are made.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9488
Format: Thesis

Title: Analyzing the Evolution of Tornadic Environments in Landfalling Tropical Cyclones.
Creator: Speransky, Stanislav, Ray, Peter S., Hart, Robert Edward, Bourassa, Mark A., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric...
Show moreSperansky, Stanislav, Ray, Peter S., Hart, Robert Edward, Bourassa, Mark A., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science
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Abstract/Description: Previous studies have analyzed various atmospheric tornado parameters in a Tropical Cyclone (TC) environment. This study focuses on the evolution of these parameters through a TC landfall. The TCTOR dataset, which assigns all TC tornadoes to their respective TC, is used to group qualifying events from a pool of 1201 tornadoes during the period of 1995-2010 into eight time intervals relative to TC landfall. The environment is then analyzed using seven operationally used tornado parameters. A...
Show morePrevious studies have analyzed various atmospheric tornado parameters in a Tropical Cyclone (TC) environment. This study focuses on the evolution of these parameters through a TC landfall. The TCTOR dataset, which assigns all TC tornadoes to their respective TC, is used to group qualifying events from a pool of 1201 tornadoes during the period of 1995-2010 into eight time intervals relative to TC landfall. The environment is then analyzed using seven operationally used tornado parameters. A statistical, spatial, and sounding analysis is performed to determine how the tornadic environment evolves over time after landfall. Analysis shows that statistically significant differences in the mean value of each parameter are found between pre-landfall, post-landfall, and various time interval comparisons. Composite field charts and case studies show that the wind shear parameters at different vertical layers help explain tornado concentrations in space at different time intervals. In addition, a comparison of composite field charts is made between the larger pool of 32 TCs in the ALL composite and the 10 TCs representing the lowest tercile, with respect to the total number of tornadoes produced. This comparison shows higher magnitudes of shear parameters in the ALL composite. Combined with model derived soundings of three prolific tornado producing TCs, this study shows that the increase in shear in the lowest layer (0-1 km) is the best diagnostic tool to explain the increase in tornado occurrences at TC landfall. This finding supports prior research, which showed that low level shear maxima coincided with tornado locations. The increase in shear in the 0-3 km and 0-6 km layers at later time intervals is found to be the best diagnostic tool to explain the secondary increase in tornado occurrences after 24 hours past TC landfall. Additionally, 24 hours after TC landfall appears to be the critical time that separates weaker TC tornadoes at prior time intervals from stronger ones that resemble mid-latitude cyclone tornadoes that occur after, based on parameter values, hodograph analysis, and conceptual models. Lastly, the Significant Tornado Parameter (STP), used with discretion, is shown to work well in diagnosing tornado occurrence in some time intervals but proves to be a poor tool in others.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9250
Format: Thesis

Title: Anchor and Knife.
Creator: Goolsby, Jesse, Butler, Robert Olen, Piehler, G. Kurt, Shacochis, Bob, Roberts, Diane, Winegardner, Mark, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of...
Show moreGoolsby, Jesse, Butler, Robert Olen, Piehler, G. Kurt, Shacochis, Bob, Roberts, Diane, Winegardner, Mark, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
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Abstract/Description: This collection of personal essays and short fiction investigates a post-9/11 America locked in forever war. Centered upon the American veteran and the veteran family experience, Anchor & Knife showcases wide-ranging narratives that challenge conventional models of war literature by combining fiction and creative nonfiction genres into a single work as well as expanding the aperture of battle-scene focus to a much larger, holistic investigation of individuals searching for peace while...
Show moreThis collection of personal essays and short fiction investigates a post-9/11 America locked in forever war. Centered upon the American veteran and the veteran family experience, Anchor & Knife showcases wide-ranging narratives that challenge conventional models of war literature by combining fiction and creative nonfiction genres into a single work as well as expanding the aperture of battle-scene focus to a much larger, holistic investigation of individuals searching for peace while wrestling with their culpability in violence. As important, this collection explores the close proximity of trauma, not only through the lens of war, but also in family, religion, sex, and popular American culture.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_2016SP_Goolsby_fsu_0071E_13073
Format: Thesis

Title: The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in the Seventeenth Century: Transmission, Translation, Reception.
Creator: Day, Patrick V., Johnson, David F. (David Frame), Brewer, Charles E. (Charles Everett), Coldiron, A. E. B. (Anne Elizabeth Banks), Boehrer, Bruce Thomas, Florida State...
Show moreDay, Patrick V., Johnson, David F. (David Frame), Brewer, Charles E. (Charles Everett), Coldiron, A. E. B. (Anne Elizabeth Banks), Boehrer, Bruce Thomas, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
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Abstract/Description: The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries saw the rise of an intense interest in Anglo-Saxon history and artifacts that accompanied the transcription, translation, and dissemintation of the contents of England's monastic libraries following the Reformation begun in the 1530s. The tide of religious reform turned to more secular, legal concerns under the two early Stuart kings, and the pre-Norman past was used to simultaneously legitimize and criticize early-seventeenth-century monarchy and its...
Show moreThe sixteenth and seventeenth centuries saw the rise of an intense interest in Anglo-Saxon history and artifacts that accompanied the transcription, translation, and dissemintation of the contents of England's monastic libraries following the Reformation begun in the 1530s. The tide of religious reform turned to more secular, legal concerns under the two early Stuart kings, and the pre-Norman past was used to simultaneously legitimize and criticize early-seventeenth-century monarchy and its ancient privileges by free monarchists and constitutionalists, respectively. Much of the modern criticism surrounding the constitutional crises of the reigns of James VI and I and Charles I as it relates to the Anglo-Saxon past focuses on Bede and the Benedictine Reformers of the tenth century. The present study, however, considers an often-cited text typically relegated to the periphery: The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. The Chronicle makes its debut in print under the direction of Abraham Wheelock and the Cambridge University Press in 1643. The annalistic history appears alongside Bede's Historia Ecclesisatica, and, in the 1644 reprint and augmentation, the laws from Ine to Alfred and the later Anglo-Norman kings. Wheelock's editio princeps of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle appears at the height of the First English Civil War in 1643, and it is often treated by modern critics as an appendix to the Old English Historia to which it is attached. This dissertation argues that the Chronicle is not peripheral, and that it participates in a larger royalist campaign to establish the West Saxons as the institutional forbears of the first two Stuart kings. The opening chapters establish Wheelock and his literary circle as participants in the ongoing constitutional debate that culminated in the Personal Rule of Charles in 1629 and the opening years of the Civil Wars a decade later. After the political alleigances of those who surround the production of the 1643 Chronicle have been thoroughly considered, the focus of this study then turns to the text of the Chronicle itself. Wheelock inserts himself into the Chronicle's narrative by means of excision, substitution, and inconsistent translation so that the Chronicle may more easily conform to early modern perceptions of kingship. Specifically, his intervention into and manipulation of the genealogical West Saxon Regnal Table and his interpretation of the advisory body of the Anglo-Saxons known as the witan provide a lens through which to read the medieval Chronicle as a polticial document suitable for seventeenth-century purposes. Lastly, this dissertation traces the influences of the 1643 edition upon the only other Chronicle printed in that century—the 1692 version compiled and edited by Bishop Edmund Gibson. This final chapter argues that Gibson, like Wheelock, uses the Chronicle for political, and in the latter antiquary's case, nationalistic ends.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_2017SP_Day_fsu_0071E_13770
Format: Thesis

Title: The Anion-Naphthalenediimide Interaction: from Non-Catenated and Complex Metal-Organic Frameworks to Heterodiptopic Receptors.
Creator: Hubley, Christian Thaddeus Nam Hoon, Saha, Sourav, Strouse, Geoffrey F., Landing, William M., Zhu, Lei, Miller, Brian G., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreHubley, Christian Thaddeus Nam Hoon, Saha, Sourav, Strouse, Geoffrey F., Landing, William M., Zhu, Lei, Miller, Brian G., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
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Abstract/Description: Non-covalent molecular interactions are a ubiquitous part of molecular interaction and the driving force behind macromolecules and host-guest binding. However, a more recent non-covalent molecular interaction, the cation-π interaction, has been recognized as another fundamental force behind macromolecules and host-guest binding. Along with this cation-π interaction, anion-π interactions have been demonstrated with an electron deficient aromatic ring and various anions. Naphthalenediimide (NDI...
Show moreNon-covalent molecular interactions are a ubiquitous part of molecular interaction and the driving force behind macromolecules and host-guest binding. However, a more recent non-covalent molecular interaction, the cation-π interaction, has been recognized as another fundamental force behind macromolecules and host-guest binding. Along with this cation-π interaction, anion-π interactions have been demonstrated with an electron deficient aromatic ring and various anions. Naphthalenediimide (NDI) represent a unique class of molecules that exhibit electron deficient aromatic rings suitable for anion-π interactions. Although the anion-pi interaction has been available for some time, there has been little known about the mechanism by which this interaction occurs. Recently published anion-pi interactions, through the anion-naphthalenediimide interactions, have given insight to the mechanism by which the phenomena occurs. With this recent insight, this research attempts to apply this knowledge to two areas of chemistry, metal-organic frameworks and ion-pair recognition chemistry. A metal-organic framework (MOF) is a material defined by its crystallinity and is composed of a metal ion, or metal clusters, connected to a rigid organic molecule, known as the organic linker or ligand. MOFs have gathered significant attention in the recent decade due to their unique properties such as extremely high surface area, ultra-low density, and others. One of the primary uses for MOFs is for gas storage and capture. Despite the many advancements of MOFs, their synthesis still poses challenges. One such challenge is catenation (interpenetration), which is the formation of subunits of MOFs within themselves. This catenation reduces the available space within a MOF. Several ways to prevent catenation have been demonstrated by using bulky ligands or templating agents. Inspired by this work, this research demonstrates how the anion-π, using perchlorate anion and NDI, can be used to direct the assembly of a two dimensional MOF without catenation. In addition, coordination complexes are prepared and give additional insight to the effects of solvents on coordination of ligands to metal. At the same time, more insight is gained from these coordination complexes and the interaction between the complex and anion. After displaying how the anion-NDI interaction can be applied to prevent the catenation of MOFs, this research investigates complex NDI ligands for the assembly of complex MOFs. MOFs have expanded into many other areas of chemistry and are no longer thought about for simple gas storage. Drug delivery, catalyst, sensors, and many other areas of chemistry are beginning to utilize MOFs. However, if these areas are to successfully apply MOFs, a simple MOF with little or no complex functionality will not work. Therefore, MOFs displaying complex functionality are needed. With complex MOFs in mind, this research set out to build MOFs displaying complex functionality, for sensing, redox potential, and other applications yet to be discovered. To impart complex functionality upon a MOF, one can use a complex ligand, metal ion, or insert materials into the MOFs. Here, research focus is on the synthesis of complex NDI ligands, by adding functionality to the core of the NDI, which then imparts complex functionality on the MOF or can help with retention of ions so that the MOF can possess functionality, such as a redox potential. This part of the research began with the synthesis bromine core-substitution of NDIs that allow for post-synthetic modification (PSM) of bromo-core-substituted MOFs with a variety of nucleophiles, thereby allowing access to a large variety of complex NDI based MOFs. This work is followed by the synthesis of the complex NDI ligand by functionalizing the core of the NDI with ethoxy functionality. Although the NDI is identified as viable candidate for the assembly of complex MOFs, another building block, tetrathiafulvalene (TTF), is also identified. TTF is a unique molecule with exceptional redox ability and is often employed as a building block in many supramolecular systems. In the attempt to address complex MOFs, the synthesis of ligands containing the TTF core is demonstrated and future work will allow for assembly of TTF ligand containing MOFs. Lastly, this research shifts direction back to the anion-NDI interaction in an attempt to apply the interaction to the area of chemistry known as ion-pair recognition. Due to the ubiquitous nature of ionic species in chemistry, biochemistry processes, and in the environment, capturing these ions has gained much attention from the chemistry community. Traditional means of capturing these ionic species involves capturing either the cation or the anion. However, a more recent strategy has been to capture both ionic species at once, using a heteroditopic receptor. The traditional heteroditopic receptor relies on well-known non-covalent interactions for capture. This research attempts to introduce the anion-π interaction, using naphthalenediimide, for the cooperative binding of both ionic species, in which the anion is captured through the anion-π interaction. In addition to cooperative binding using the anion-π interaction, recycling of the receptor is another aspect of this research, which is often an aspect ignored by the field due to the high energy barrier required to overcome. Currently, this research presents successful synthesis of heteroditopic receptors with indication of cooperative binding of both ionic species using the anion-π interaction. Future studies of these receptors will be done to determine their releasability.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_FA2016_Hubley_fsu_0071E_13543
Format: Thesis

Title: Another Mona Bone Jakon.
Creator: Sturm, Nicholas, Kirby, David, Romanchuk, Robert, 1969-, Andrew, Berry, Ralph M. (Ralph Marion), Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
Abstract/Description: The poems in the dissertation manuscript Another Mona Bone Jakon are the formal dispersal and performance of the masculine "I," a subject position these poems embody and pulp as a question necessary to a poetics of radical autobiographical practice. The question is: how is pleasure a form of critique? More specifically, what is a masculine pleasure that refuses to own, to only illuminate? How to write an embodied pleasure that affirms a necessarily difficult joy in consumption, whether...
Show moreThe poems in the dissertation manuscript Another Mona Bone Jakon are the formal dispersal and performance of the masculine "I," a subject position these poems embody and pulp as a question necessary to a poetics of radical autobiographical practice. The question is: how is pleasure a form of critique? More specifically, what is a masculine pleasure that refuses to own, to only illuminate? How to write an embodied pleasure that affirms a necessarily difficult joy in consumption, whether economic, political, sexual, institutional, or intellectual, while also acknowledging complicity with systematic violence and identification with the male face (and body) of our culture's various catastrophes? What is a refusal that maps and coalesces in what it refuses? As a book of intertextual long poems, Another Mona Bone Jakon aims to be an affective archive accumulated in encounter with these questions. A range of formal approaches and styles inform these poems, including modes of lyric narrative and framing complicated by artificiality and digression, radical appropriation/deep reference methods that unframe the space of the poem, experimental translation techniques that seduce portions of the avant-garde canon into contemporary cultural exchange, the inclusion of real and imagined correspondence, and the formation of a prosody textured by broad juxtapositions of tones and discourses.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_2015fall_Sturm_fsu_0071E_12887
Format: Thesis

Title: Application of Flow-Based Methods to Inorganic Materials Synthesis.
Creator: Miller, Levi Zane, Shatruk, Mykhailo, McQuade, D. Tyler (David Tyler), Alamo, Ruﬁna G., Stiegman, Albert E., Strouse, Geoffrey F., Roper, Michael Gabriel, Florida State...
Show moreMiller, Levi Zane, Shatruk, Mykhailo, McQuade, D. Tyler (David Tyler), Alamo, Ruﬁna G., Stiegman, Albert E., Strouse, Geoffrey F., Roper, Michael Gabriel, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
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Abstract/Description: Controlling particularly reactive substances to achieve desired outcomes is a constant challenge in materials chemistry. Reactants and products consisting of main group and transition metal elements often exhibit extreme sensitivity to their environments. Therefore, it is desirable to develop new methods of synthesis and handling of the starting materials and resulting products in order to extend the chemical space available within this domain of science. Reactivity must be defined within the...
Show moreControlling particularly reactive substances to achieve desired outcomes is a constant challenge in materials chemistry. Reactants and products consisting of main group and transition metal elements often exhibit extreme sensitivity to their environments. Therefore, it is desirable to develop new methods of synthesis and handling of the starting materials and resulting products in order to extend the chemical space available within this domain of science. Reactivity must be defined within the context of this dissertation. Herein, 'reactive' is exceptional sensitivity to air and moisture leading to degredation of reactants or desired products. Reactivity may also correspond to the explosive or pyrophoric nature of reactants and products inevitably preventing their isolation and handling under ambient conditions. Several observations which are pertinent to the fundamental understanding of the reactivity of various metalorganic, orgnaometallic, and main group complexes are chronicled within this dissertation. A comparison is provided for two methods (batch and flow) that are typically used to perform and control reactions. Due to the prevalence flow chemistry within my work, emphasis will be placed upon flow-based methods. In chapter 1, a short primer on fluid dynamics relevant to materials chemistry will be provided to compare and contrast batch versus flow chemistry. Examples of flow chemistry applied to organic reactions are given, followed by examples of inorganic chemistry in flow which is much less developed. Finally, the overarching goals of this work are as follows: 1) Present the basics of fluid dynamics to provide a basis for the flow chemical approaches within this work. 2) Provide a discussion of current flow-based methods applied to organic and inorganic synthesis. 3) To detail and study the application of flow chemistry techniques to the synthesis of new and existing metal organic, organometallic, and main group compounds and materials. In chapter 2, a simplified droplet generator is introduced and utilized to yield hollow silica capsules from a liquid–liquid interfacial polymerization reaction. Further use of this simple droplet generator is examined for preparation of SiO2-TiO2 hybrid capsules along with a cartridge-based method to modify the capsule surface with additional TiO2. In chapter 3, our growing interest in reactive materals led to the discovery that alkali metal oxides can be trapped and crystallized using diethlyzinc. From this observation, a family of complexes were isolated and characterized. Chapter 3 will also incoporate flow-based synthesis of organozinc complexes. First, the continuous preparation of organozinc halides is established and then coupled directly to Negishi reactions for the production of desirable building blocks for active pharmaceutical ingredients. Second, a catridge-based method for the utilzation of pyrophoric solid reagent Na2(HZnEt2)2 is presented leading to a series of novel organozincates. In chapter 4, the traditional methods used to synthesize alkali metal polyphosphides are discussed. Our discovery of solution-phase methods which allow facile access to homoatomic polyanions of phosphorus which do not involve harsh reducing alkali metals or the white allotrope of the element is detailed. We then demonstrate a high-throughput continuous-flow approach for rapid generation of gram quantities of these soluble polyphosphide anions.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_2015fall_Miller_fsu_0071E_12886
Format: Thesis

Title: Application of Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Drug Discovery.
Creator: Wright, Anna Kozlova, Cross, Timothy A., Dudley, Gregory B., Blaber, Michael, Marshall, Alan G. (Alan George), Keller, Thomas C. S., Florida State University, College of Arts...
Show moreWright, Anna Kozlova, Cross, Timothy A., Dudley, Gregory B., Blaber, Michael, Marshall, Alan G. (Alan George), Keller, Thomas C. S., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Program in Molecular Biophysics
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Abstract/Description: The M2 proton channel from Influenza A is an established drug target, with multiple functions during the viral lifecycle. Amino acid mutations, in the residues lining the channel pore, have rendered M2 resistant to previously licensed inhibitors. Given the propensity for genetic reassortment of Influenza A and history of pandemics due to emergence of novel human strains, M2 has been subject of numerous structural characterization efforts. Attempts at rational drug design targeting M2 proton...
Show moreThe M2 proton channel from Influenza A is an established drug target, with multiple functions during the viral lifecycle. Amino acid mutations, in the residues lining the channel pore, have rendered M2 resistant to previously licensed inhibitors. Given the propensity for genetic reassortment of Influenza A and history of pandemics due to emergence of novel human strains, M2 has been subject of numerous structural characterization efforts. Attempts at rational drug design targeting M2 proton channel have been impeded by the limited number of experimental techniques having capabilities for elucidating atomic level interactions of the protein-ligand complexes in the native-like membrane mimetic environment. Solid state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (ssNMR) is a technique that has all of these capabilities for structural characterization of membrane protein drug targets in lipid bilayers. Coupling ssNMR with Computer Aided Drug Discovery (CADD) is the precise approach needed to decrease time and resources required to generate novel therapeutics. Here, we present a first structural characterization of the full length wild type M2 channel in complex with inhibitor, and of the S31N mutant in the apo and drug-bound state. Through the use of diverse ssNMR experiments we tested stereoselectivity of drug binding in the channel pore, structural changes due to mutation, and characterized novel inhibitor interactions. Molecular dynamic simulations were performed by our collaborators and were in good agreement with our experimental findings. Together these results deepen our understanding of the atomic level interactions stabilizing wild type inhibitors in the channel pore, and structural changes in the mutant leading to loss of compound efficacy. Most importantly, specific interaction described herein are essential for successful outcomes from structure based CADD and be used in future computational efforts.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_2016SP_Wright_fsu_0071E_13033
Format: Thesis

Title: Applications of Alkynogenic Fragmentation Products Derived from Vinylogous Acyl Triflates.
Creator: Ramsubhag, Ron Robert, Fajer, Piotr G., Saltiel, Jack, Zhu, Lei, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
Abstract/Description: Carbon-carbon bond formation is the foundation to synthesizing complex molecules and has gathered the attention of many synthetic chemists. One must keep in mind that these reactions are dependent on materials for a specific agenda when tackling a structural framework, which may require additional steps to create, and at times, are difficult to prepare. As significant as C-C bond formation reactions are, these minor setbacks may draw caution when synthesizing a complicated molecule whose...
Show moreCarbon-carbon bond formation is the foundation to synthesizing complex molecules and has gathered the attention of many synthetic chemists. One must keep in mind that these reactions are dependent on materials for a specific agenda when tackling a structural framework, which may require additional steps to create, and at times, are difficult to prepare. As significant as C-C bond formation reactions are, these minor setbacks may draw caution when synthesizing a complicated molecule whose structural framework cannot be easily accessed by the unity of two fragments. On the other hand, the less familiar C-C bond cleavage reactions have, over time, demonstrated the potential to generate unique structural building blocks that can be used to overcome certain obstacles that other synthetic methods cannot provide. Here, we will be focusing on concerted anionic five-center fragmentation reactions using vinylogous acyl triflates. The generated alkynogenic fragments will then be used in different applications. We will begin by looking at chemoselective “click” reactions. The strained-promoted alkyne is synthesized by a tandem intramolecular nucleophilic addition / fragmentation. The expanded ring will contain a strained cycloalkyne which will later be tethered to a terminal alkyne. The diyne will be used to provide an example of a “dual-click” coupling via SPAAC or CuAAC in either sequential order. Next, we will expand the tandem fragmentation / olefination methodology developed in this work to include dienynes. The dienyne provides the structural backbone needed to produce neopentylene indanes. This methodology is used to design new ibuprofen derivatives that demonstrate rigidity and increase hydrophobicity to modulate the molecular pharmacology of ibuprofen.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_FALL2017_Ramsubhag_fsu_0071E_14133
Format: Thesis

Title: Approximating Nonlocal Diffusion Problems Using Quadrature Rules Generated by Radial Basis Functions.
Creator: Lyngaas, Isaac Ron, Peterson, Janet S., Gunzburger, Max D., Burkardt, John V., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Mathematics
Abstract/Description: Nonlocal models differ from traditional partial differential equation (PDE) models because they contain no spatial derivatives; instead an appropriate integral is used. Nonlocal models are especially useful in the case where there are issues calculating the spatial derivatives of a PDE model. In many applications (e.g., biological systems, flow through porous media) the observed rate of diffusion is not accurately modeled by the standard diffusion differential operator but rather exhibits so...
Show moreNonlocal models differ from traditional partial differential equation (PDE) models because they contain no spatial derivatives; instead an appropriate integral is used. Nonlocal models are especially useful in the case where there are issues calculating the spatial derivatives of a PDE model. In many applications (e.g., biological systems, flow through porous media) the observed rate of diffusion is not accurately modeled by the standard diffusion differential operator but rather exhibits so-called anomalous diffusion. Anomalous diffusion can be represented in a PDE model by using a fractional Laplacian operator in space whereas the nonlocal approach only needs to slightly modify its integral formulation to model anomalous diffusion. Anomalous diffusion is one such case where approximating the spatial derivative operator is a difficult problem. In this work, an approach for approximating standard and anomalous nonlocal diffusion problems using a new technique that utilizes radial basis functions (RBFs) is introduced and numerically tested. The typical approach for approximating nonlocal diffusion problems is to use a Galerkin formulation. However, the Galerkin formulation for nonlocal diffusion problems can often be difficult to compute efficiently and accurately especially for problems in multiple dimensions. Thus, we investigate the alternate approach of using quadrature rules generated by RBFs to approximate the nonlocal diffusion problem. This work will be split into three major parts. The first will introduce RBFs and give some examples of how they are used. This part will motivate our approach for using RBFs on the nonlocal diffusion problem. In the second part, we will derive RBF-generated quadrature rules in one dimension and show they can be used to approximate nonlocal diffusion problems. The final part will address how the RBF quadrature approach can be extended to higher dimensional problems. Numerical test cases are shown for both the standard and anomalous nonlocal diffusion problems and compared with standard finite element approximations. Preliminary results show that the method introduced is viable for approximating nonlocal diffusion problems and that highly accurate approximations are possible using this approach.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_FA2016_Lyngaas_fsu_0071N_13512
Format: Thesis

Title: Are All Measures of Inhibition Creatively Equal?: The Differential and Interaction Effects of Inhibition Type on Creativity.
Creator: Rotolo, Ashley Nicole, Kaschak, Michael P., Boot, Walter Richard, Ganley, Colleen M., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Previous research revealed mixed findings regarding the direction of the relation of inhibition and creativity. The goal of this study was to determine if the task used to measure inhibition accounts for this variance in direction and if these various tasks would demonstrate convergent validity, despite contention that inhibition cannot be deconstructed into separate types. It was hypothesized that attention inhibition measures would correlate negatively to creativity, whereas memory...
Show morePrevious research revealed mixed findings regarding the direction of the relation of inhibition and creativity. The goal of this study was to determine if the task used to measure inhibition accounts for this variance in direction and if these various tasks would demonstrate convergent validity, despite contention that inhibition cannot be deconstructed into separate types. It was hypothesized that attention inhibition measures would correlate negatively to creativity, whereas memory inhibition measures would correlate positively. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the inhibition measures did not demonstrate convergent validity based on the proposed two factor model of attention and memory inhibition. Also, most of the inhibition tasks were unrelated to creativity and intelligence, though the n-back task, a memory inhibition measure, positively predicted scores on the Remote Associates Test, a convergent thinking creativity test (r(59) = .39, p = 0.002).
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_2016SP_Rotolo_fsu_0071N_12973
Format: Thesis

Title: An Aristotelian Approach to Jane Austen's Mansfield Park.
Creator: Guin, Katherine A. (Katherine Amanda), McNaughton, David, Walker, Eric C., Roberts, John Russell, Rawling, J. Piers, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreGuin, Katherine A. (Katherine Amanda), McNaughton, David, Walker, Eric C., Roberts, John Russell, Rawling, J. Piers, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Philosophy
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Abstract/Description: Many argue that Jane Austen's novels exemplify a distinctly Aristotelian view of ethics. In An Aristotelian Approach to Jane Austen's Mansfield Park, I argue that Austen presents the development of Mansfield Park's protagonist, Fanny Price, as well as the other young people in the novel in terms of characteristically-Aristotelian understandings of virtue, character, and habituation. To demonstrate this, I draw primarily from Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics to analyze characters and events from...
Show moreMany argue that Jane Austen's novels exemplify a distinctly Aristotelian view of ethics. In An Aristotelian Approach to Jane Austen's Mansfield Park, I argue that Austen presents the development of Mansfield Park's protagonist, Fanny Price, as well as the other young people in the novel in terms of characteristically-Aristotelian understandings of virtue, character, and habituation. To demonstrate this, I draw primarily from Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics to analyze characters and events from Mansfield Park. For instance, I argue that Jane Austen's criticisms of marriage from wrong motives parallel Aristotle's own criticisms of friendships for utility and for pleasure. Interestingly, Mansfield Park both clarifies and lends support to Aristotle's ethical theory.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9344
Format: Thesis

Title: Arithmetic Aspects of Noncommutative Geometry: Motives of Noncommutative Tori and Phase Transitions on GL(n) and Shimura Varieties Systems.
Creator: Shen, Yunyi, Marcolli, Matilde, Aluffi, Paolo, Chicken, Eric, Bowers, Philip L., Petersen, Kathleen L., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of...
Show moreShen, Yunyi, Marcolli, Matilde, Aluffi, Paolo, Chicken, Eric, Bowers, Philip L., Petersen, Kathleen L., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Mathematics
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Abstract/Description: In this dissertation, we study three important cases in noncommutative geometry. We first observe the standard noncommutative object, noncommutative torus, in noncommutative motives. We work with the category of holomorphic bundles on a noncommutative torus, which is known to be equivalent to the heart of a nonstandard t-structure on coherent sheaves of an elliptic curve. We then introduce a notion of (weak) t-structure in dg categories. By lifting the nonstandard t-structure to the t...
Show moreIn this dissertation, we study three important cases in noncommutative geometry. We first observe the standard noncommutative object, noncommutative torus, in noncommutative motives. We work with the category of holomorphic bundles on a noncommutative torus, which is known to be equivalent to the heart of a nonstandard t-structure on coherent sheaves of an elliptic curve. We then introduce a notion of (weak) t-structure in dg categories. By lifting the nonstandard t-structure to the t-structure that we defined, we find a way of seeing a noncommutative torus in noncommutative motives. By applying the t-structure to a noncommutative torus and describing the cyclic homology of the category of holomorphic bundle on the noncommutative torus, we finally show that the periodic cyclic homology functor induces a decomposition of the motivic Galois group of the Tannakian category generated by the associated auxiliary elliptic curve. In the second case, we generalize the results of Laca, Larsen, and Neshveyev on the GL2-Connes-Marcolli system to the GLn-Connes-Marcolli systems. We introduce and define the GLn-Connes-Marcolli systems and discuss the existence and uniqueness questions of the KMS equilibrium states. Using the ergodicity argument and Hecke pair calculation, we classify the KMS states at different inverse temperatures β. Specifically, we show that in the range of n − 1 < β ≤ n, there exists only one KMS state. We prove that there are no KMS states when β < n − 1 and β ̸= 0, 1, . . . , n − 1,, while we actually construct KMS states for integer values of β in 1 ≤ β ≤ n − 1. For β > n, we characterize the extremal KMS states. In the third case, we push the previous results to more abstract settings. We mainly study the connected Shimura dynamical systems. We give the definition of the essential and superficial KMS states. We further develop a set of arithmetic tools to generalize the results in the previous case. We then prove the uniqueness of the essential KMS states and show the existence of the essential KMS stats for high inverse temperatures.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Shen_fsu_0071E_13982
Format: Thesis

Title: As Close as Hands.
Creator: Rosenblum, Sophie, Butler, Robert Olen, Latham, Don, Roberts, Diane, Hamby, Barbara, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Program in Interdisciplinary Humanities
Abstract/Description: As Close As Hands focuses on the lives of twin sisters, Beth and Rachel Berkowitz. After years of being teased by classmates about their Jewish noses, they hatch a plan to raise money to have them altered. Once in college, with jobs outside school, they save enough to go through with the procedures. Unfortunately for Rachel, only Beth's nose job goes on as planned, causing them to refer to themselves from that day on as "Sisters, not twins." This separation forces Rachel to begin to question...
Show moreAs Close As Hands focuses on the lives of twin sisters, Beth and Rachel Berkowitz. After years of being teased by classmates about their Jewish noses, they hatch a plan to raise money to have them altered. Once in college, with jobs outside school, they save enough to go through with the procedures. Unfortunately for Rachel, only Beth's nose job goes on as planned, causing them to refer to themselves from that day on as "Sisters, not twins." This separation forces Rachel to begin to question her identity, and it causes her to feel intensely isolated. The sisters, who have grown apart since Beth altered her appearance, are reunited when their mother learns she has cancer. When the sisters reunite, they begin to reexamine their relationship, and through confronting one another, they are forced to explore their pasts and consider how their lives may have been different had both of them gone ahead with the surgery.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9441
Format: Thesis

Title: As if We Were Already Free.
Creator: Neary, Dyan, Stuckey-French, Elizabeth, Kirby, David, Roberts, Diane, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
Abstract/Description: As If We Were Already Free is a novel narrated in the first person by Mackenna Doyle, a 26-year old man in prison for murdering a high school classmate when he was sixteen, a crime of which he admits culpability at the outset of the novel. One of the inciting incidents that prompts Mackenna to begin telling this story is the disappearance of his best friend and love interest Eliza, who, until three months before the novel begins, has maintained consistent correspondence with him for ten years...
Show moreAs If We Were Already Free is a novel narrated in the first person by Mackenna Doyle, a 26-year old man in prison for murdering a high school classmate when he was sixteen, a crime of which he admits culpability at the outset of the novel. One of the inciting incidents that prompts Mackenna to begin telling this story is the disappearance of his best friend and love interest Eliza, who, until three months before the novel begins, has maintained consistent correspondence with him for ten years. Mackenna spends part of the first chapter, which functions as an extended prologue, trying to figure out why she has disappeared from his life so abruptly and without warning. Mackenna is an apotheosis of the "intellectual solitude" common to a minority of people who end up serving long sentences in the General Population of state penitentiaries. There are two timelines and two stories the narrator is telling concurrently: One is the present-day prison timeline, which sets the acute tension of the novel, and the other is the story of his life as a teenager in New York City in the nineties with his two best friends, misfit kids from Staten Island—the soft-spoken, perspicacious albino Colin, and the unfailingly altruistic Eliza. The novel encompasses both gritty realism and satire, interwoven with themes of poverty, injustice, and exiles.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_2015fall_Neary_fsu_0071N_12954
Format: Thesis

Title: Assessing Sun Glint and Nonlocal Thermal Equilibrium Effects on CrIS Data Bias.
Creator: Yin, Mengtao, Cai, Ming, Ray, Peter S., Wu, Zhaohua, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science
Abstract/Description: The hyper-spectral Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) on board Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) supports a continuing advance in numerical weather prediction (NWP) for improved short- to medium-range weather forecast skills. The assimilation of CrIS brightness temperature observations in NWP modeling systems requires the data biases be properly estimated and removed from data. Both the solar radiation reflected by sea surface into the satellite viewing direction and the solar...
Show moreThe hyper-spectral Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) on board Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) supports a continuing advance in numerical weather prediction (NWP) for improved short- to medium-range weather forecast skills. The assimilation of CrIS brightness temperature observations in NWP modeling systems requires the data biases be properly estimated and removed from data. Both the solar radiation reflected by sea surface into the satellite viewing direction and the solar pumping that deviates the stratosphere from the local thermal equilibrium (LTE) introduce the significant biases in CrIS infrared shortwave observations. In this study, the effects of sun glint and nonlocal thermal equilibrium (NLTE) on CrIS data biases are assessed quantitatively. It is found that the newly-developed sun glint and NLTE models can dramatically reduce the CrIS data biases at infrared shortwave band during daytime. However, the biases still remain relatively large for CrIS infrared shortwave stratospheric channels after the NLTE correction. A further study confirms that the bias residuals after the NLTE correction mainly come from the input temperature profiles to the Radiative Transfer Model (RTM) not the RTM itself. It is found that the temperature profiles from the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS), which serve as input to the Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM), have large cold biases in the upper stratosphere, leading to the large bias remnants of stratospheric channels. Compared with the temperature profiles from ERA Interim reanalysis, the cold biases of GFS temperature profiles increase with altitude and reach about 10 K near 1 hPa.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9498
Format: Thesis

Title: Assessing the Clinical Utility of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation in the Treatment of Anxious Arousal and Sensory Hypersensitivity: A Targeted Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Study.
Creator: Clancy, Kevin J., Li, Wen, Sachs-Ericsson, Natalie J., Eckel, Lisa A., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: The ability of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to augment underlying rhythmic fluctuations of neuronal activity provides meaningful implications in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by aberrations in neural oscillations. However, in evaluating its clinical utility, evidence is lacking for the efficacy of tACS to induce long-term (> 24 hours) plastic changes that translate to lasting behavioral outcomes. Here, we repeatedly administered alpha...
Show moreThe ability of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to augment underlying rhythmic fluctuations of neuronal activity provides meaningful implications in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by aberrations in neural oscillations. However, in evaluating its clinical utility, evidence is lacking for the efficacy of tACS to induce long-term (> 24 hours) plastic changes that translate to lasting behavioral outcomes. Here, we repeatedly administered alpha-frequency tACS across 4 consecutive days in 38 healthy adults to evaluate lasting changes in local alpha power and directed connectivity as well as clinically-relevant indices of anxious arousal and affective sensory processing. Replicating previous findings, participants who received active stimulation (vs. a sham control group) demonstrated transient increases in resting occipito-parietal alpha power that lasted 30 minutes post-stimulation, reflecting acute entrainment to the exogenous electrical stimulation. However, these effects were short-term, returning to baseline levels 24 hours after stimulation. Conversely, long-term increases in intrinsic posteriorfrontal alpha-frequency connectivity emerged and persisted across all 4 days, reflecting plastic-changes in directed cortico-cortical networks. These lasting connectivity changes were paralleled by sustained decreases in anxious arousal and increases in perceived pleasantness of auditory stimuli. These findings suggest that while local oscillatory activity may be constrained by a self-sustaining thalamo-cortical loop that restores cortical oscillations to baseline, long-range oscillatory connectivity may strengthen over time through plastic synaptic changes in intrinsic cortico-cortical networks. The lasting augmentation of this inter-areal oscillatory network via tACS provides meaningful implications in an array of affective and cognitive processes that are orchestrated through the integrity of these global networks. This provides novel extensions of tACS applications, shifting neuromodulatory targets from local oscillations to global oscillatory networks to progress the clinical utility of this technology.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_FALL2017_Clancy_fsu_0071N_14146
Format: Thesis

Title: Assessing the Importance of Metalinguistic Skills to the Word Reading and Reading Comprehension Abilities of Adult Basic Education Students.
Creator: Tighe, Elizabeth L., Schatschneider, Christopher, Kim, Young-Suk, Hart, Sara, Kaschak, Michael P., Wagner, Richard K., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreTighe, Elizabeth L., Schatschneider, Christopher, Kim, Young-Suk, Hart, Sara, Kaschak, Michael P., Wagner, Richard K., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
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Abstract/Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the shared and unique contributions of three metalinguistic skills to the word reading and reading comprehension abilities of Adult Basic Education (ABE) students. Across studies, the metalinguistic skills of phonological awareness, morphological awareness, and orthographic knowledge have emerged individually as important predictors of ABE students' word reading and reading comprehension skills. In contrast to the children's literature, no studies...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the shared and unique contributions of three metalinguistic skills to the word reading and reading comprehension abilities of Adult Basic Education (ABE) students. Across studies, the metalinguistic skills of phonological awareness, morphological awareness, and orthographic knowledge have emerged individually as important predictors of ABE students' word reading and reading comprehension skills. In contrast to the children's literature, no studies have simultaneously included and considered the shared and unique predictive utility of all three metalinguistic skills to reading skills in ABE students. In addition, the study examined whether the relations of the three metalinguistic skills to reading comprehension were mediated by decoding and vocabulary knowledge. Jointly, the best fitting models indicated that the predictors accounted for 64% of the word reading variance and 91% of the reading comprehension variance. The metalinguistic skills did not emerge as uniquely predictive of word reading or reading comprehension skills; however, all three metalinguistic skills were significantly, indirectly related to reading comprehension via decoding and vocabulary knowledge as mediators. These results help to develop a more comprehensive model of the underlying component processes involved in ABE students' word reading and reading comprehension skills. The findings also may inform instructional practices and future intervention research in ABE programs.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9511
Format: Thesis

Title: Assessing the Independence of Explicitly- and Implicitly- Assessed Relationship Evaluations: A Meta-Analysis.
Creator: Hicks, Lindsey L. (Lindsey Lee), McNulty, James K., Plant, Ashby, Schatschneider, Christopher, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: In light of dual-process models of social cognition, relationship scientists have utilized measures designed to bypass deliberative processing in order to capture spouses' more automatic attitudes about their partners and their relationships. Here, we review the theoretical distinctions between deliberative and automatic evaluations as laid out by dual process models of social cognition, discuss the implications of these distinctions in the context of romantic relationships, and present a...
Show moreIn light of dual-process models of social cognition, relationship scientists have utilized measures designed to bypass deliberative processing in order to capture spouses' more automatic attitudes about their partners and their relationships. Here, we review the theoretical distinctions between deliberative and automatic evaluations as laid out by dual process models of social cognition, discuss the implications of these distinctions in the context of romantic relationships, and present a meta-analysis of correlations between explicitly and implicitly-measured relationship evaluations. A fixed-effects meta-analysis of 65 correlations summarizing the relationship evaluations of 2688 total participants revealed that the overall association between the two types of measures was significant but small (r = .05), indicating that explicit and implicit evaluations capture distinct relationship phenomena. We end by discussing several theoretical implications, including when implicit versus explicit measures of relationships may be more appropriate, the contexts in which implicit and explicit relationship evaluations might be more or less correlated, and why studying romantic relationships can offer unique insights for dual process models of social cognition.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_2017SP_Hicks_fsu_0071N_13903
Format: Thesis

Title: Asset Pricing Equilibria for Heterogeneous, Limited-Information Agents.
Creator: Jones, Dawna Candice, Kercheval, Alec N., Beaumont, Paul M, Van Winkle, David H., Nichols, Warren, Ökten, Giray, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreJones, Dawna Candice, Kercheval, Alec N., Beaumont, Paul M, Van Winkle, David H., Nichols, Warren, Ökten, Giray, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Mathematics
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Abstract/Description: The standard general equilibrium asset pricing models typically make two simplifying assumptions: homogeneous agents and the existence of a rational expectations equilibrium. This context sometimes yields outcomes that are inconsistent with the empirical findings. We hypothesize that allowing agent heterogeneity could assist in replicating the empirical results. However, the inclusion of heterogeneity in models where agents are fully rational proves impossible to solve without severe...
Show moreThe standard general equilibrium asset pricing models typically make two simplifying assumptions: homogeneous agents and the existence of a rational expectations equilibrium. This context sometimes yields outcomes that are inconsistent with the empirical findings. We hypothesize that allowing agent heterogeneity could assist in replicating the empirical results. However, the inclusion of heterogeneity in models where agents are fully rational proves impossible to solve without severe simplifying assumptions. The reason for this difficulty is that heterogeneous agent models generate an endogenously complicated distribution of wealth across the agents. The state space for each agent's optimization problem includes the complex dynamics of the wealth distribution. There is no general way to characterize the interaction between the distribution of wealth and the macroeconomic aggregates. To address this issue, we implement an agent-based model where the agents have bounded rationality. In our model, we have a complete markets economy with two agents and two assets. The agents are heterogeneous and utility maximizing with constant coefficient of relative risk aversion [CRRA] preferences. How the agents address the stochastic behaviour of the evolution of the wealth distribution is central to our task since aggregate prices depend on this behaviour. An important component of this dissertation involves dealing with the computational difficulty of dynamic heterogeneous-agent models. That is, in order to predict prices, agents need a way to keep track of the evolution of the wealth distribution. We do this by allowing each agent to assume that a price-equivalent representative agent exists and that the representative agent has a constant coefficient of relative risk aversion. In so doing, the agents are able to formulate predictive pricing and demand functions which allow them to predict aggregate prices and make consumption and investment decisions each period. However, the agents' predictions are only approximately correct. Therefore, we introduce a learning mechanism to maintain the required level of accuracy in the agents' price predictions. From this setup, we find that the model, with learning, will converge over time to an approximate expectations equilibrium, provided that the the initial conditions are close enough to the rational expectations equilibrium prices. Two main contributions in our work are: 1) to formulate a new concept of approximate equilibria, and 2) to show how equilibria can be approximated numerically, despite the fact that the true state space at any point in time is mathematically complex. These contributions offer the possibility of characterizing a new class of asset pricing models where agents are heterogeneous and only just slightly limited in their rationality. That is, the partially informed agents in our model are able to forecast and utility-maximize only just as well as economists who face problems of estimating aggregate variables. By using an exogenously assigned adaptive learning rule, we analyse this implementation in a Lucas-type heterogeneous agent model. We focus on the sensitivity of the risk parameter and the convergence of the model to an approximate expectations equilibrium. Also, we study the extent to which adaptive learning is able to explain the empirical findings in an asset pricing model with heterogeneous agents.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9624
Format: Thesis

Title: Assortative Mating in the Tropical Sea Urchin Lytechinus Variegatus.
Creator: Nunez, Jose Alberto Moscoso, Levitan, Donald R., Hughes, Kimberly A., Burgess, Scott C., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Science
Abstract/Description: Non-random mating is presumed to be an important mechanism that allows for the maintenance of genetic variation. Assortative mating has been studied extensively in organisms that possess defined ways in which sperm is transferred to eggs (e.g. via copulation, courtship or vector assisted pollination in plants), but rarely in broadcast spawners. Broadcast spawning is perceived as a mating event that allows for mixing of gametes and promotes random mating. However, there are multiple pathways...
Show moreNon-random mating is presumed to be an important mechanism that allows for the maintenance of genetic variation. Assortative mating has been studied extensively in organisms that possess defined ways in which sperm is transferred to eggs (e.g. via copulation, courtship or vector assisted pollination in plants), but rarely in broadcast spawners. Broadcast spawning is perceived as a mating event that allows for mixing of gametes and promotes random mating. However, there are multiple pathways in which spawning adults can affect fertilization of gametes in non-random ways. For example, positive assortative mating can occur in broadcast spawners if similar phenotypes spawn closer together in space or time, or possess similar gamete recognition proteins that expedite fertilization. Here, I propose to examine assortative fertilization, patterns of aggregation and gamete recognition protein genotype of the sperm bindin gene as a function of spine color in the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus as well as evaluating deviations from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) based on color. Results indicate that laboratory crosses of urchins within color morphs yielded higher fertilization success than crosses between color morphs. Field surveys determined that these sea urchins are aggregating by color at times of their reproductive season when they are more likely to spawn. Tests for HWE using field data of urchin phenotypes suggest strong deviations from HWE. However, DNA sequences of regions of the sperm bindin gene for sea urchins of different color do not show evidence of genetic structure of the population. Paternal success in broadcast spawners is largely determined by the proximity of males to spawning females and the compatibility between them at the time they release their gametes. Selection is predicted to favor traits and behaviors that increase the likelihood of spawning near a more compatible neighbor. These results provide strong evidence for assortative mating and an explanation for the maintenance of color variation in this species.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Moscoso_fsu_0071N_14093
Format: Thesis

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