Search results

Title: Proceedings of the 2015 ASPEN Research Workshop-Taste Signaling.
Creator: Spector, Alan C, le Roux, Carel W, Munger, Steven D, Travers, Susan P, Sclafani, Anthony, Mennella, Julie A
Abstract/Description: This article summarizes research findings from 6 experts in the field of taste and feeding that were presented at the 2015 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Research Workshop. The theme was focused on the interaction of taste signals with those of a postingestive origin and how this contributes to regulation of food intake through both physiological and learning processes. Gastric bypass results in exceptional loss of fat mass and increases in circulating levels of key gut...
Show moreThis article summarizes research findings from 6 experts in the field of taste and feeding that were presented at the 2015 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Research Workshop. The theme was focused on the interaction of taste signals with those of a postingestive origin and how this contributes to regulation of food intake through both physiological and learning processes. Gastric bypass results in exceptional loss of fat mass and increases in circulating levels of key gut peptides, some of which are also expressed along with their cognate receptors in taste buds. Changes in taste preference and food selection in both bariatric surgery patients and rodent models have been reported. Accordingly, the effects of this surgery on taste-related behavior were examined. The conservation of receptor and peptide signaling mechanisms in gustatory and extraoral tissues was discussed in the context of taste responsiveness and the regulation of metabolism. New findings detailing the features of neural circuits between the caudal nucleus of the solitary tract (NST), receiving visceral input from the vagus nerve, and the rostral NST, receiving taste input, were discussed, as was how early life experience with taste stimuli and learned associations between flavor and postoral consequences of nutrients can exert potent and long-lasting effects on feeding.
Show less
Date Issued: 2017-01-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26598504, 10.1177/0148607115617438, PMC4877284, 26598504, 26598504, 0148607115617438
Format: Citation

Title: Suicidality prospectively predicts greater urges to smoke following a cessation attempt: Mediation through perceived barriers to cessation..
Creator: Albanese, Brian J, Allan, Nicholas P, Boffa, Joseph W, Chavarria, Jesus, Raines, Amanda M, Zvolensky, Michael J, Schmidt, Norman B
Abstract/Description: Growing interest in developing more effective smoking cessation treatments has facilitated the need to further investigate cognitive-affective factors that inhibit successful smoking cessation, such as urges to smoke. Research has strongly supported an association between suicidality and smoking, yet no work has investigated whether suicidality may increase urges to smoke. The current study sought to evaluate the impact of suicidality on smoking-related cognitive-affective factors predictive...
Show moreGrowing interest in developing more effective smoking cessation treatments has facilitated the need to further investigate cognitive-affective factors that inhibit successful smoking cessation, such as urges to smoke. Research has strongly supported an association between suicidality and smoking, yet no work has investigated whether suicidality may increase urges to smoke. The current study sought to evaluate the impact of suicidality on smoking-related cognitive-affective factors predictive of smoking relapse among a community sample of 209 daily smokers engaged in a smoking cessation program. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the effects of self-reported pre-cessation suicidality on urges to smoke 1 month post-cessation as well as whether this effect was mediated by greater barriers to cessation. Results indicated that internal barriers to cessation significantly mediated the effect of pre-cessation suicidality on greater urges to smoke 1 month following smoking cessation attempt. These findings suggest that elevated suicidality may affect perceived internal barriers to cessation and subsequently urges to smoke 1 month following a quit attempt.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-01-15
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26519643, 10.1016/j.jad.2015.10.015, PMC4750401, 26519643, 26519643, S0165-0327(15)30232-9
Format: Citation

Title: A preliminary evaluation of the validity of binge-eating disorder defining features in a community-based sample.
Creator: Klein, Kelly M, Forney, K Jean, Keel, Pamela K
Abstract/Description: Little empirical attention has been paid to the DSM-5 definition of binge-eating disorder (BED), particularly to the associated features of binge episodes. The present study sought to determine how the associated features and undue influence of weight/shape on self-evaluation contribute to evidence of a clinically significant eating disorder. Secondary analyses were conducted on data (N = 80; 76.3% women, 76.3% Caucasian, ages 18-43) collected through an epidemiological study of eating...
Show moreLittle empirical attention has been paid to the DSM-5 definition of binge-eating disorder (BED), particularly to the associated features of binge episodes. The present study sought to determine how the associated features and undue influence of weight/shape on self-evaluation contribute to evidence of a clinically significant eating disorder. Secondary analyses were conducted on data (N = 80; 76.3% women, 76.3% Caucasian, ages 18-43) collected through an epidemiological study of eating patterns. Descriptive statistics were used to report the sample prevalence of the features, independently and in combination. Correlations and alpha reliability were employed to examine relationships among associated features, distress regarding bingeing, and clinical diagnosis. Regression models and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the utility of the features for explaining variance in distress. Internal consistency reliability for indicators was low, and several features demonstrated low or nonsignificant associations with distress and diagnosis. Feeling disgusted/depressed/guilty was the only unique predictor of distress (p = 0.001). For the ROC curves, three features was the best threshold for predicting distress. Results support the need to refine the features to ensure better detection of clinically significant eating pathology for research inclusion and treatment of the illness. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:524-528).
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-05-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26607858, 10.1002/eat.22479, PMC4870096, 26607858, 26607858
Format: Citation

Title: Smoking-Specific Experiential Avoidance is Indirectly Associated with Trait Worry and Smoking Processes among Treatment-Seeking Smokers.
Creator: Farris, Samantha G, Zvolensky, Michael J, Norton, Peter J, Hogan, Julianna, Smith, Angela H, Talkovsky, Alexander M, Garey, Lorra, Schmidt, Norman B
Abstract/Description: Limited work has examined worry, or apprehensive anticipation about future negative events, in terms of smoking. One potential explanatory factor is the tendency to respond inflexibly and with avoidance in the presence of smoking-related distress (smoking-specific experiential avoidance). Participants (n = 465) were treatment-seeking daily smokers. Cross-sectional (pre-treatment) self-report data were utilized to assess trait worry, smoking-specific experiential avoidance, and four smoking...
Show moreLimited work has examined worry, or apprehensive anticipation about future negative events, in terms of smoking. One potential explanatory factor is the tendency to respond inflexibly and with avoidance in the presence of smoking-related distress (smoking-specific experiential avoidance). Participants (n = 465) were treatment-seeking daily smokers. Cross-sectional (pre-treatment) self-report data were utilized to assess trait worry, smoking-specific experiential avoidance, and four smoking criterion variables: nicotine dependence, motivational aspects of quitting, perceived barriers to smoking cessation, and severity of problematic symptoms reported in past quit attempts. Trait worry was significantly associated with greater levels of nicotine dependence, motivation to quit smoking, perceived barriers for smoking cessation, and more severe problems while quitting in the past; associations occurred indirectly through higher levels of smoking-specific experiential avoidance. Findings provide initial support for the potential role of smoking-specific experiential avoidance in explaining the association between trait worry and a variety of smoking processes.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-10-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_25398072, 10.1080/08964289.2014.984650, PMC5025255, 25398072, 25398072
Format: Citation

Title: Externalizing proneness and brain response during pre-cuing and viewing of emotional pictures.
Creator: Foell, Jens, Brislin, Sarah J, Strickland, Casey M, Seo, Dongju, Sabatinelli, Dean, Patrick, Christopher J
Abstract/Description: Externalizing proneness, or trait disinhibition, is a concept relevant to multiple high-impact disorders involving impulsive-aggressive behavior. Its mechanisms remain disputed: major models posit hyperresponsive reward circuitry or heightened threat-system reactivity as sources of disinhibitory tendencies. This study evaluated alternative possibilities by examining relations between trait disinhibition and brain reactivity during preparation for and processing of visual affective stimuli....
Show moreExternalizing proneness, or trait disinhibition, is a concept relevant to multiple high-impact disorders involving impulsive-aggressive behavior. Its mechanisms remain disputed: major models posit hyperresponsive reward circuitry or heightened threat-system reactivity as sources of disinhibitory tendencies. This study evaluated alternative possibilities by examining relations between trait disinhibition and brain reactivity during preparation for and processing of visual affective stimuli. Forty females participated in a functional neuroimaging procedure with stimuli presented in blocks containing either pleasurable or aversive pictures interspersed with neutral, with each picture preceded by a preparation signal. Preparing to view elicited activation in regions including nucleus accumbens, whereas visual regions and bilateral amygdala were activated during viewing of emotional pictures. High disinhibition predicted reduced nucleus accumbens activation during preparation within pleasant/neutral picture blocks, along with enhanced amygdala reactivity during viewing of pleasant and aversive pictures. Follow-up analyses revealed that the augmented amygdala response was related to reduced preparatory activation. Findings indicate that participants high in disinhibition are less able to process implicit cues and mentally prepare for upcoming stimuli, leading to limbic hyperreactivity during processing of actual stimuli. This outcome is helpful for integrating findings from studies suggesting reward-system hyperreactivity and others suggesting threat-system hyperreactivity as mechanisms for externalizing proneness.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-07-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26113614, 10.1093/scan/nsv080, PMC4927035, 26113614, 26113614, nsv080
Format: Citation

Title: Longitudinal Associations Among Relationship Satisfaction, Sexual Satisfaction, and Frequency of Sex in Early Marriage.
Creator: McNulty, James K, Wenner, Carolyn A, Fisher, Terri D
Abstract/Description: The current research used two 8-wave longitudinal studies spanning the first 4-5 years of 207 marriages to examine the potential bidirectional associations among marital satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and frequency of sex. All three variables declined over time, though the rate of decline in each variable became increasingly less steep. Controlling for these changes, own marital and sexual satisfaction were bidirectionally positively associated with one another; higher levels of marital...
Show moreThe current research used two 8-wave longitudinal studies spanning the first 4-5 years of 207 marriages to examine the potential bidirectional associations among marital satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and frequency of sex. All three variables declined over time, though the rate of decline in each variable became increasingly less steep. Controlling for these changes, own marital and sexual satisfaction were bidirectionally positively associated with one another; higher levels of marital satisfaction at one wave of assessment predicted more positive changes in sexual satisfaction from that assessment to the next and higher levels of sexual satisfaction at one wave of assessment predicted more positive changes in marital satisfaction from that assessment to the next. Likewise, own sexual satisfaction and frequency of sex were bidirectionally positively associated with one another. Additionally, partner sexual satisfaction positively predicted changes in frequency of sex and own sexual satisfaction among husbands, yet partner marital satisfaction negatively predicted changes in both frequency of sex and own sexual satisfaction. Controlling these associations, marital satisfaction did not directly predict changes in frequency of sex or vice versa. Only the association between partner sexual satisfaction and changes in own sexual satisfaction varied across men and women and none of the key effects varied across the studies. These findings suggest that sexual and relationship satisfaction are intricately intertwined and thus that interventions to treat and prevent marital distress may benefit by targeting the sexual relationship and interventions to treat and prevent sexual distress in marriage may benefit by targeting the marital relationship.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-01-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_25518817, 10.1007/s10508-014-0444-6, PMC4472635, 25518817, 25518817, 10.1007/s10508-014-0444-6
Format: Citation

Title: Neurobehavioral Traits as Transdiagnostic Predictors of Clinical Problems.
Creator: Nelson, Lindsay D, Strickland, Casey, Krueger, Robert F, Arbisi, Paul A, Patrick, Christopher J
Abstract/Description: The National Institute of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria initiative (Insel et al., 2010) calls for a focus on biologically meaningful dimensional constructs in the study of clinical problems. Examples are needed of how Research Domain Criteria constructs can be linked to clinical problems. We examined how two such constructs, threat sensitivity (THT+) and weak inhibitory control (INH-), operationalized using scale measures of fear/fearlessness and inhibition/disinhibition dimensions...
Show moreThe National Institute of Mental Health Research Domain Criteria initiative (Insel et al., 2010) calls for a focus on biologically meaningful dimensional constructs in the study of clinical problems. Examples are needed of how Research Domain Criteria constructs can be linked to clinical problems. We examined how two such constructs, threat sensitivity (THT+) and weak inhibitory control (INH-), operationalized using scale measures of fear/fearlessness and inhibition/disinhibition dimensions from established structural models, predicted symptoms of multiple Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edition) clinical disorders in 471 community adults. Robust relationships with internalizing disorder symptoms were evident for both trait variables, with THT+ more predictive of fear disorder symptoms and INH- more predictive of distress disorder symptoms. For substance-related problems, prediction was evident only for INH-. Additionally, interactive effects of THT+ and INH- were found for distress disorders, and to a lesser extent, fear disorders. Given their well-established physiological correlates, these dispositional variables represent prime targets for combined psychometric-neurophysiological assessment of broad liabilities to multiple forms of psychopathology.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-02-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_25657306, 10.1177/1073191115570110, PMC4881426, 25657306, 25657306, 1073191115570110
Format: Citation

Title: Remote Health Monitoring for Older Adults and Those with Heart Failure: Adherence and System Usability..
Creator: Evans, Jarrett, Papadopoulos, Amy, Silvers, Christine Tsien, Charness, Neil, Boot, Walter R, Schlachta-Fairchild, Loretta, Crump, Cindy, Martinez, Michele, Ent, Carrie Beth
Abstract/Description: Remote health monitoring technology has been suggested as part of an early intervention and prevention care model. Older adults with a chronic health condition have been shown to benefit from remote monitoring but often have challenges with complex technology. The current study reports on the usability of and adherence with an integrated, real-time monitoring system over an extended period of time by older adults with and without a chronic health condition. Older adults 55 years of age and...
Show moreRemote health monitoring technology has been suggested as part of an early intervention and prevention care model. Older adults with a chronic health condition have been shown to benefit from remote monitoring but often have challenges with complex technology. The current study reports on the usability of and adherence with an integrated, real-time monitoring system over an extended period of time by older adults with and without a chronic health condition. Older adults 55 years of age and over with and without heart failure participated in a study in which a telehealth system was used for 6 months each. The system consisted of a wireless wristwatch-based monitoring device that continuously collected temperature and motion data. Other health information was collected daily using a weight scale, blood pressure cuff, and tablet that participants used for health surveys. Data were automatically analyzed and summarized by the system and presented to study nurses. Forty-one older adults participated. Seventy-one percent of surveys, 75% of blood pressure readings, and 81% of daily weight measurements were taken. Participants wore the watch monitor 77% of the overall 24/7 time requested. The weight scale had the highest usability rating in both groups. The groups did not otherwise differ on device usage. The findings indicate that a health monitoring system designed for older adults can and will be used for an extended period of time and may help older adults with chronic conditions reside longer in their own homes in partnership with the healthcare system.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-06-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26540369, 10.1089/tmj.2015.0140, PMC4892222, 26540369, 26540369
Format: Citation

Title: Positively biased self-perceptions of peer acceptance and subtypes of aggression in children.
Creator: Lynch, Rebecca J, Kistner, Janet A, Stephens, Haley F, David-Ferdon, Corinne
Abstract/Description: There is a growing body of research linking children's positively biased self-perceptions with higher levels of aggression. This study extended this area of research by examining prospective associations of positively biased self-perceptions of peer acceptance with overt and relational aggression. In addition, moderating effects of peer rejection were examined to test the "disputed overestimation hypothesis," which posits that the link between bias and aggression is limited to children who...
Show moreThere is a growing body of research linking children's positively biased self-perceptions with higher levels of aggression. This study extended this area of research by examining prospective associations of positively biased self-perceptions of peer acceptance with overt and relational aggression. In addition, moderating effects of peer rejection were examined to test the "disputed overestimation hypothesis," which posits that the link between bias and aggression is limited to children who are rejected by their peers. Using a two-wave longitudinal design, measures of peer-rated and self-perceived peer acceptance and peer-rated overt and relational aggression were obtained for 712 children in 3rd through 5th grades (386 girls and 326 boys). Positively biased perceptions led to increases in relational, but not overt, aggression. This pattern was observed even when the effects of gender, race, peer rejection, and overt aggression on relational aggression were controlled. Contrary to the disputed overestimation hypothesis, the prospective associations between bias and aggression did not vary as a function of children's peer rejection status, thus supporting the view that positive bias predicts future aggressive behavior, regardless of social status. The results are discussed in terms of the comparability with previous findings and practical implications.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-01-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26423823, 10.1002/ab.21611, PMC5057533, 26423823, 26423823
Format: Citation

Title: The Association between Sleep Disturbances and Depression among Firefighters: Emotion Dysregulation as an Explanatory Factor..
Creator: Hom, Melanie A, Stanley, Ian H, Rogers, Megan L, Tzoneva, Mirela, Bernert, Rebecca A, Joiner, Thomas E
Abstract/Description: To investigate emotion regulation difficulties in association with self-reported insomnia symptoms, nightmares, and depression symptoms in a sample of current and retired firefighters. A total of 880 current and retired United States firefighters completed a web-based survey of firefighter behavioral health. Self-report measures included the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, PTSD Checklist, and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. A notable...
Show moreTo investigate emotion regulation difficulties in association with self-reported insomnia symptoms, nightmares, and depression symptoms in a sample of current and retired firefighters. A total of 880 current and retired United States firefighters completed a web-based survey of firefighter behavioral health. Self-report measures included the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, PTSD Checklist, and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. A notable portion of participants reported clinically significant depression symptoms (39.6%) and insomnia symptoms (52.7%), as well as nightmare problems (19.2%), each of which demonstrated a strong association with emotion regulation difficulties (rs = 0.56-0.80). Bootstrapped mediation analyses revealed that the indirect effects of overall emotion regulation difficulties were significant both for the relationship between insomnia and depression (95% CI: 0.385-0.566) and nightmares and depression (95% CI: 1.445-2.365). Limited access to emotion regulation strategies emerged as the strongest, significant indirect effect for both relationships (insomnia 95% CI: 0.136-0.335; nightmares 95% CI: 0.887-1.931). Findings extend previous affective neuroscience research by providing evidence that insomnia and nightmares may influence depression symptoms specifically through the pathway of explicit emotion regulation difficulties. Sleep disturbances may impair the ability to access and leverage emotion regulation strategies effectively, thus conferring risk for negative affect and depression.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-02-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26350604, 10.5664/jcsm.5492, PMC4751428, 26350604, 26350604, jc-00300-15
Format: Citation

Title: Lexical leverage: category knowledge boosts real-time novel word recognition in 2-year-olds..
Creator: Borovsky, Arielle, Ellis, Erica M, Evans, Julia L, Elman, Jeffrey L
Abstract/Description: Recent research suggests that infants tend to add words to their vocabulary that are semantically related to other known words, though it is not clear why this pattern emerges. In this paper, we explore whether infants leverage their existing vocabulary and semantic knowledge when interpreting novel label-object mappings in real time. We initially identified categorical domains for which individual 24-month-old infants have relatively higher and lower levels of knowledge, irrespective of...
Show moreRecent research suggests that infants tend to add words to their vocabulary that are semantically related to other known words, though it is not clear why this pattern emerges. In this paper, we explore whether infants leverage their existing vocabulary and semantic knowledge when interpreting novel label-object mappings in real time. We initially identified categorical domains for which individual 24-month-old infants have relatively higher and lower levels of knowledge, irrespective of overall vocabulary size. Next, we taught infants novel words in these higher and lower knowledge domains and then asked if their subsequent real-time recognition of these items varied as a function of their category knowledge. While our participants successfully acquired the novel label-object mappings in our task, there were important differences in the way infants recognized these words in real time. Namely, infants showed more robust recognition of high (vs. low) domain knowledge words. These findings suggest that dense semantic structure facilitates early word learning and real-time novel word recognition.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-11-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26452444, 10.1111/desc.12343, PMC4826629, 26452444, 26452444
Format: Citation

Title: Limitations of a single-item assessment of suicide attempt history: Implications for standardized suicide risk assessment..
Creator: Hom, Melanie A, Joiner, Thomas E, Bernert, Rebecca A
Abstract/Description: Although a suicide attempt history is among the single best predictors of risk for eventual death by suicide, little is known about the extent to which reporting of suicide attempts may vary by assessment type. The current study aimed to investigate the correspondence between suicide attempt history information obtained via a single-item self-report survey, multi-item self-report survey, and face-to-face clinical interview. Data were collected among a high-risk sample of undergraduates (N =...
Show moreAlthough a suicide attempt history is among the single best predictors of risk for eventual death by suicide, little is known about the extent to which reporting of suicide attempts may vary by assessment type. The current study aimed to investigate the correspondence between suicide attempt history information obtained via a single-item self-report survey, multi-item self-report survey, and face-to-face clinical interview. Data were collected among a high-risk sample of undergraduates (N = 100) who endorsed a past attempt on a single-item prescreening survey. Participants subsequently completed a multi-item self-report survey, which was followed by a face-to-face clinical interview, both of which included additional questions regarding the timing and nature of previous attempts. Even though 100% of participants (n = 100) endorsed a suicide attempt history on the single-item prescreening survey, only 67% (n = 67) reported having made a suicide attempt on the multi-item follow-up survey. After incorporating ancillary information from the in-person interview, 60% of participants qualified for a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-defined suicide attempt. Of the 40% who did not qualify for a CDC-defined suicide attempt, 30% instead qualified for no attempt, 7% an aborted attempt, and 3% an interrupted attempt. These findings suggest that single-item assessments of suicide attempt history may result in the misclassification of prior suicidal behaviors. Given that such assessments are commonly used in research and clinical practice, these results emphasize the importance of utilizing follow-up questions and assessments to improve precision in the characterization and assessment of suicide risk. (PsycINFO Database Record
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-08-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26502202, 10.1037/pas0000241, PMC4846594, 26502202, 26502202, 2015-48450-001
Format: Citation

Title: Neural Correlates of the Propensity for Retaliatory Behavior in Youths With Disruptive Behavior Disorders.
Creator: White, Stuart F, VanTieghem, Michelle, Brislin, Sarah J, Sypher, Isaiah, Sinclair, Stephen, Pine, Daniel S, Hwang, Soonjo, Blair, R James R
Abstract/Description: Youths with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) (conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder) have an elevated risk for maladaptive reactive aggression. Theory suggests that this is due to an elevated sensitivity of basic threat circuitry implicated in retaliation (amygdala/periaqueductal gray) in youths with DBD and low levels of callous-unemotional traits and dysfunctional regulatory activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in youths with DBD irrespective of callous-unemotional...
Show moreYouths with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) (conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder) have an elevated risk for maladaptive reactive aggression. Theory suggests that this is due to an elevated sensitivity of basic threat circuitry implicated in retaliation (amygdala/periaqueductal gray) in youths with DBD and low levels of callous-unemotional traits and dysfunctional regulatory activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in youths with DBD irrespective of callous-unemotional traits. A total of 56 youths 10-18 years of age (23 of them female) participated in the study: 30 youths with DBD, divided by median split into groups with high and low levels of callous-unemotional traits, and 26 healthy youths. All participants completed an ultimatum game task during functional MRI. Relative to the other groups, youths with DBD and low levels of callous-unemotional traits showed greater increases in activation of basic threat circuitry when punishing others and dysfunctional down-regulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex during retaliation. Relative to healthy youths, all youths with DBD showed reduced amygdala-ventromedial prefrontal cortex connectivity during high provocation. Ventromedial prefrontal cortex responsiveness and ventromedial prefrontal cortex-amygdala connectivity were related to patients' retaliatory propensity (behavioral responses during the task) and parent-reported reactive aggression. These data suggest differences in the underlying neurobiology of maladaptive reactive aggression in youths with DBD who have relatively low levels of callous-unemotional traits. Youths with DBD and low callous-unemotional traits alone showed significantly greater threat responses during retaliation relative to comparison subjects. These data also suggest that ventromedial prefrontal cortex-amygdala connectivity is critical for regulating retaliation/reactive aggression and, when dysfunctional, contributes to reactive aggression, independent of level of callous-unemotional traits.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-03-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26441155, 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15020250, PMC4950844, 26441155, 26441155
Format: Citation

Title: Is childhood trauma associated with lifetime suicide attempts in women with bulimia nervosa?.
Creator: Smith, Christina E, Pisetsky, Emily M, Wonderlich, Stephen A, Crosby, Ross D, Mitchell, James E, Joiner, Thomas E, Bardone-Cone, Anna, Le Grange, Daniel, Klein, Marjorie H, Crow...
Show moreSmith, Christina E, Pisetsky, Emily M, Wonderlich, Stephen A, Crosby, Ross D, Mitchell, James E, Joiner, Thomas E, Bardone-Cone, Anna, Le Grange, Daniel, Klein, Marjorie H, Crow, Scott J, Peterson, Carol B
Show less
Abstract/Description: The purpose of this study was to explore the association between specific forms of childhood abuse and neglect with lifetime suicide attempts in women with bulimia nervosa (BN). Two hundred and four women aged 18-65 (mean 25.6 years, SD 9.13) with full or subclinical BN were recruited in five US Midwestern communities and specialized eating disorder clinics. Participants completed questionnaires including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and self-reported whether they had ever had a...
Show moreThe purpose of this study was to explore the association between specific forms of childhood abuse and neglect with lifetime suicide attempts in women with bulimia nervosa (BN). Two hundred and four women aged 18-65 (mean 25.6 years, SD 9.13) with full or subclinical BN were recruited in five US Midwestern communities and specialized eating disorder clinics. Participants completed questionnaires including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and self-reported whether they had ever had a lifetime suicide attempt. Logistic regression analyses were used to predict lifetime suicide attempts from each subscale of the CTQ. Childhood emotional, physical, and sexual abuse were significantly associated with the presence of a lifetime suicide attempt in women with BN. Childhood emotional and physical neglect were not associated with suicide attempts. Individuals with BN who have experienced childhood emotional and sexual abuse are at increased risk of a lifetime suicide attempt. Future research is needed to understand the mechanism to address in treatment and prevention efforts. It is important for clinicians to be aware of the potential increased risk of suicide in individuals with BN with a history of childhood abuse.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-06-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26462683, 10.1007/s40519-015-0226-8, PMC4833682, 26462683, 26462683, 10.1007/s40519-015-0226-8
Format: Citation

Title: Parallel processing of general and specific threat during early stages of perception.
Creator: You, Yuqi, Li, Wen
Abstract/Description: Differential processing of threat can consummate as early as 100 ms post-stimulus. Moreover, early perception not only differentiates threat from non-threat stimuli but also distinguishes among discrete threat subtypes (e.g. fear, disgust and anger). Combining spatial-frequency-filtered images of fear, disgust and neutral scenes with high-density event-related potentials and intracranial source estimation, we investigated the neural underpinnings of general and specific threat processing in...
Show moreDifferential processing of threat can consummate as early as 100 ms post-stimulus. Moreover, early perception not only differentiates threat from non-threat stimuli but also distinguishes among discrete threat subtypes (e.g. fear, disgust and anger). Combining spatial-frequency-filtered images of fear, disgust and neutral scenes with high-density event-related potentials and intracranial source estimation, we investigated the neural underpinnings of general and specific threat processing in early stages of perception. Conveyed in low spatial frequencies, fear and disgust images evoked convergent visual responses with similarly enhanced N1 potentials and dorsal visual (middle temporal gyrus) cortical activity (relative to neutral cues; peaking at 156 ms). Nevertheless, conveyed in high spatial frequencies, fear and disgust elicited divergent visual responses, with fear enhancing and disgust suppressing P1 potentials and ventral visual (occipital fusiform) cortical activity (peaking at 121 ms). Therefore, general and specific threat processing operates in parallel in early perception, with the ventral visual pathway engaged in specific processing of discrete threats and the dorsal visual pathway in general threat processing. Furthermore, selectively tuned to distinctive spatial-frequency channels and visual pathways, these parallel processes underpin dimensional and categorical threat characterization, promoting efficient threat response. These findings thus lend support to hybrid models of emotion.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-03-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26412811, 10.1093/scan/nsv123, PMC4769625, 26412811, 26412811, nsv123
Format: Citation

Title: Psychoneurometric operationalization of threat sensitivity: Relations with clinical symptom and physiological response criteria..
Creator: Yancey, James R, Venables, Noah C, Patrick, Christopher J
Abstract/Description: The National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative calls for the incorporation of neurobiological approaches and findings into conceptions of mental health problems through a focus on biobehavioral constructs investigated across multiple domains of measurement (units of analysis). Although the constructs in the RDoC system are characterized in "process terms" (i.e., as functional concepts with brain and behavioral referents), these constructs can also be...
Show moreThe National Institute of Mental Health's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative calls for the incorporation of neurobiological approaches and findings into conceptions of mental health problems through a focus on biobehavioral constructs investigated across multiple domains of measurement (units of analysis). Although the constructs in the RDoC system are characterized in "process terms" (i.e., as functional concepts with brain and behavioral referents), these constructs can also be framed as dispositions (i.e., as dimensions of variation in biobehavioral functioning across individuals). Focusing on one key RDoC construct, acute threat or "fear," the current article illustrates a construct-oriented psychoneurometric strategy for operationalizing this construct in individual difference terms-as threat sensitivity (THT+). Utilizing data from 454 adult participants, we demonstrate empirically that (a) a scale measure of THT+ designed to tap general fear/fearlessness predicts effectively to relevant clinical problems (i.e., fear disorder symptoms), (b) this scale measure shows reliable associations with physiological indices of acute reactivity to aversive visual stimuli, and (c) a cross-domain factor reflecting the intersection of scale and physiological indicators of THT+ predicts effectively to both clinical and neurophysiological criterion measures. Results illustrate how the psychoneurometric approach can be used to create a dimensional index of a biobehavioral trait construct, in this case THT+, which can serve as a bridge between phenomena in domains of psychopathology and neurobiology. Implications and future directions are discussed with reference to the RDoC initiative and existing report-based conceptions of psychological traits.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-03-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26877132, 10.1111/psyp.12512, PMC4756387, 26877132, 26877132
Format: Citation

Title: Is Insomnia Lonely? Exploring Thwarted Belongingness as an Explanatory Link between Insomnia and Suicidal Ideation in a Sample of South Korean University Students.
Creator: Chu, Carol, Hom, Melanie A, Rogers, Megan L, Ringer, Fallon B, Hames, Jennifer L, Suh, Sooyeon, Joiner, Thomas E
Abstract/Description: Suicide is a serious public health problem, and suicide rates are particularly high in South Korea. Insomnia has been identified as a risk factor for suicidal ideation; however, little is known about the mechanisms accounting for this relationship in this population. Based on the premise that insomnia can be lonely (e.g., being awake when everyone else is asleep), the purpose of this study was to examine whether greater insomnia severity would be associated with higher levels of thwarted...
Show moreSuicide is a serious public health problem, and suicide rates are particularly high in South Korea. Insomnia has been identified as a risk factor for suicidal ideation; however, little is known about the mechanisms accounting for this relationship in this population. Based on the premise that insomnia can be lonely (e.g., being awake when everyone else is asleep), the purpose of this study was to examine whether greater insomnia severity would be associated with higher levels of thwarted belongingness and suicidal ideation, and whether thwarted belongingness would mediate the relationship between insomnia and suicidal ideation. Predictions were tested in a sample of 552 South Korean young adults who completed self-report measures of insomnia severity, suicidal ideation, and thwarted belongingness. Greater insomnia symptom severity was significantly and positively associated with thwarted belongingness and suicidal ideation. Mediation analyses revealed that thwarted belongingness significantly accounted for the relationship between insomnia severity and suicidal ideation. These findings highlight the potential importance of monitoring and therapeutically impacting insomnia and thwarted belongingness to help reduce suicide risk.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-05-15
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26857060, 10.5664/jcsm.5784, PMC4865549, 26857060, 26857060, jc-00384-15
Format: Citation

Title: The medical complications associated with purging.
Creator: Forney, K Jean, Buchman-Schmitt, Jennifer M, Keel, Pamela K, Frank, Guido K W
Abstract/Description: Purging behaviors, including self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse, and diuretic abuse, are present across many of the eating disorders. Here we review the major medical complications of these behaviors. Although we identified over 100 scholarly articles describing medical complications associated with purging, most papers involved case studies or small, uncontrolled samples. Given the limited evidence base, we conducted a qualitative (rather than systematic) review to identify medical...
Show morePurging behaviors, including self-induced vomiting, laxative abuse, and diuretic abuse, are present across many of the eating disorders. Here we review the major medical complications of these behaviors. Although we identified over 100 scholarly articles describing medical complications associated with purging, most papers involved case studies or small, uncontrolled samples. Given the limited evidence base, we conducted a qualitative (rather than systematic) review to identify medical complications that have been attributed to purging behaviors. Medical conditions affecting the teeth, esophagus, gastrointestinal system, kidneys, skin, cardiovascular system, and musculoskeletal system were identified, with self-induced vomiting causing the most medical complications. Purging behavior can be associated with severe medical complications across all body systems. Mental health professionals should refer patients with purging behaviors to medical providers for screening and treatment as needed. The medical work-up for individuals with eating disorders should include a comprehensive metabolic panel, complete blood count, and a full body exam including the teeth to prevent severe complications. Medical providers should screen patients for purging behaviors and associated medical complications, even in the absence of an eating disorder diagnosis, to increase the detection of eating disorders. Recognizing the link between purging and medical complications can aid in identifying potential eating disorders, particularly those that often elude detection such as purging disorder.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-03-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26876429, 10.1002/eat.22504, PMC4803618, 26876429, 26876429
Format: Citation

Title: Multisubstance Use Among Treatment-Seeking Smokers: Synergistic Effects of Coping Motives for Cannabis and Alcohol Use and Social Anxiety/Depressive Symptoms..
Creator: Foster, Dawn W, Buckner, Julia D, Schmidt, Norman B, Zvolensky, Michael J
Abstract/Description: This study examined the impact of coping motives for cannabis and alcohol use on the relation between social anxiety/depressive symptoms and severity of substance use for alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis among treatment-seeking smokers who also use cannabis and alcohol. The sample included 197 daily cigarette smokers (MAge 34.81 years, SD = 13.43) who reported using cannabis and alcohol. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted wherein separate models were constructed for each...
Show moreThis study examined the impact of coping motives for cannabis and alcohol use on the relation between social anxiety/depressive symptoms and severity of substance use for alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis among treatment-seeking smokers who also use cannabis and alcohol. The sample included 197 daily cigarette smokers (MAge 34.81 years, SD = 13.43) who reported using cannabis and alcohol. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted wherein separate models were constructed for each dependent variable. Among individuals with higher social anxiety, alcohol coping motives were associated with heavier drinking, and this was more pronounced among those low in depressive symptoms. Similarly, those at greater risk for nicotine dependence were anxious individuals with lower depressive symptoms who endorse coping-oriented motives for using cannabis. Further, among those with higher social anxiety, cannabis coping motives were associated with marginally greater drinking, particularly for those high in depressive symptoms. The present findings support the perspective that among multisubstance users, the interplay between social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and coping-oriented motives for using one substance (e.g., cannabis or alcohol) may pose difficulties in refraining from other substances (e.g., tobacco). This observation highlights the importance of tailoring multisubstance treatments to specific needs of multiusers for whom single-substance interventions may be less effective. Findings also support previous work exploring the benefits of concurrently treating co-occurring substance use and lend credence to the perspective that motivation to use substances for coping reasons is of central theoretical and clinical relevance.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-01-28
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26846421, 10.3109/10826084.2015.1082596, PMC4755824, 26846421, 26846421
Format: Citation

Title: Sustained smoking abstinence is associated with reductions in smoking-specific experiential avoidance among treatment-seeking smokers.
Creator: Farris, Samantha G, DiBello, Angelo M, Heggeness, Luke F, Reitzel, Lorraine R, Vidrine, Damon J, Schmidt, Norman B, Zvolensky, Michael J
Abstract/Description: Smoking-specific experiential avoidance is related to the maintenance of cigarette smoking. However, it is unclear whether sustained smoking abstinence is associated with subsequent reductions in smoking-specific experiential avoidance. Daily smokers (n = 149) underwent a cessation attempt in the context of a 4-session smoking cessation treatment trial. Participants provided biochemical verification of smoking status at 1 week, 2 weeks, and 1 Month post-quit day. Smoking-specific experiential...
Show moreSmoking-specific experiential avoidance is related to the maintenance of cigarette smoking. However, it is unclear whether sustained smoking abstinence is associated with subsequent reductions in smoking-specific experiential avoidance. Daily smokers (n = 149) underwent a cessation attempt in the context of a 4-session smoking cessation treatment trial. Participants provided biochemical verification of smoking status at 1 week, 2 weeks, and 1 Month post-quit day. Smoking-specific experiential avoidance was assessed per the Avoidance and Inflexibility Scale (AIS) - the total score and two factor scores were examined at 1 Month post-quit day as a function of abstinence status. Two path models were conducted and included participant sex, treatment condition, and pre-cessation nicotine dependence, smoking-specific experiential avoidance, and presence of emotional disorders as covariates. After adjusting for covariates, sustained smoking abstinence was associated with a reduction in the AIS total score at Month 1 post-quit (β = -.45, p < .001). Sustained smoking abstinence was associated with reductions across both facets of experiential avoidance -- smoking-related thoughts and feelings (β = -.44, p < .001) and internal bodily sensations (β = -.41, p < .001). Biochemical verification of smoking status was confirmed only at three time points post-quit day, and continued abstinence throughout the one-month post-quitting period is not fully known. Sustained smoking abstinence may contribute to reductions in smoking-specific experiential avoidance. Findings add to the research documenting the relevance of experiential avoidance in various processes of smoking (including smoking abstinence).
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-06-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26773342, 10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.12.003, PMC4755816, 26773342, 26773342, S0005-7916(15)30047-1
Format: Citation

Title: The Transmembrane Domain Mediates Tetramerization of α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid (AMPA) Receptors.
Creator: Gan, Quan, Dai, Jian, Zhou, Huan-Xiang, Wollmuth, Lonnie P
Abstract/Description: AMPA receptors (AMPARs) mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. Functional AMPARs are tetrameric complexes with a highly modular structure, consisting of four evolutionarily distinct structural domains: an amino-terminal domain (ATD), a ligand-binding domain (LBD), a channel-forming transmembrane domain (TMD), and a carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD). Here we show that the isolated TMD of the GluA1 AMPAR is fully capable of tetramerization. Additionally, removal...
Show moreAMPA receptors (AMPARs) mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. Functional AMPARs are tetrameric complexes with a highly modular structure, consisting of four evolutionarily distinct structural domains: an amino-terminal domain (ATD), a ligand-binding domain (LBD), a channel-forming transmembrane domain (TMD), and a carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD). Here we show that the isolated TMD of the GluA1 AMPAR is fully capable of tetramerization. Additionally, removal of the extracellular domains from the receptor did not affect membrane topology or surface delivery. Furthermore, whereas the ATD and CTD contribute positively to tetramerization, the LBD presents a barrier to the process by reducing the stability of the receptor complex. These experiments pinpoint the TMD as the "tetramerization domain" for AMPARs, with other domains playing modulatory roles. They also raise intriguing questions about the evolution of iGluRs as well as the mechanisms regulating the biogenesis of AMPAR complexes.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-03-18
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26839312, 10.1074/jbc.M115.686246, PMC4813562, 26839312, 26839312, M115.686246
Format: Citation

Title: Incremental validity of the episode size criterion in binge-eating definitions: An examination in women with purging syndromes..
Creator: Forney, K Jean, Bodell, Lindsay P, Haedt-Matt, Alissa A, Keel, Pamela K
Abstract/Description: Of the two primary features of binge eating, loss of control (LOC) eating is well validated while the role of eating episode size is less clear. Given the ICD-11 proposal to eliminate episode size from the binge-eating definition, the present study examined the incremental validity of the size criterion, controlling for LOC. Interview and questionnaire data come from four studies of 243 women with bulimia nervosa (n = 141) or purging disorder (n = 102). Hierarchical linear regression tested...
Show moreOf the two primary features of binge eating, loss of control (LOC) eating is well validated while the role of eating episode size is less clear. Given the ICD-11 proposal to eliminate episode size from the binge-eating definition, the present study examined the incremental validity of the size criterion, controlling for LOC. Interview and questionnaire data come from four studies of 243 women with bulimia nervosa (n = 141) or purging disorder (n = 102). Hierarchical linear regression tested if the largest reported episode size, coded in kilocalories, explained additional variance in eating disorder features, psychopathology, personality traits, and impairment, holding constant LOC eating frequency, age, and body mass index (BMI). Analyses also tested if episode size moderated the association between LOC eating and these variables. Holding LOC constant, episode size explained significant variance in disinhibition, trait anxiety, and eating disorder-related impairment. Episode size moderated the association of LOC eating with purging frequency and depressive symptoms, such that in the presence of larger eating episodes, LOC eating was more closely associated with these features. Neither episode size nor its interaction with LOC explained additional variance in BMI, hunger, restraint, shape concerns, state anxiety, negative urgency, or global functioning. Taken together, results support the incremental validity of the size criterion, in addition to and in combination with LOC eating, for defining binge-eating episodes in purging syndromes. Future research should examine the predictive validity of episode size in both purging and nonpurging eating disorders (e.g., binge eating disorder) to inform nosological schemes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:651-662).
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-07-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26841103, 10.1002/eat.22508, PMC4942344, 26841103, 26841103
Format: Citation

Title: Caregiver perceptions of childhood weight: demographic moderators and correlates..
Creator: Miller, D, Johnson, W, Miller, M, Miller, J, Sutin, A R
Abstract/Description: To examine whether ethnicity moderates the association between caregiver characteristics and perceptions of childhood weight and whether these perceptions are associated with their child's obesity status. Caregivers recruited from paediatricians' offices (n = 453) completed a survey about childhood health; nurses weighed and measured the children. Caregivers reported their own weight and height, demographic information about their family and made ratings of healthy weight for children in...
Show moreTo examine whether ethnicity moderates the association between caregiver characteristics and perceptions of childhood weight and whether these perceptions are associated with their child's obesity status. Caregivers recruited from paediatricians' offices (n = 453) completed a survey about childhood health; nurses weighed and measured the children. Caregivers reported their own weight and height, demographic information about their family and made ratings of healthy weight for children in general and for their own child in particular. African American caregivers were more likely to view heavier girls as healthier, but this association held only for lower income families or caregivers with higher body mass index. Hispanic caregivers were more likely to misperceive their own child's weight if either the caregiver or the child had a higher body mass index. Parents who perceived heavier weight as healthier or misperceived their own child's weight were more likely to have a child with obesity. This latter association held regardless of ethnicity. The association between ethnicity and perceptions of healthy childhood weight are complex. The relation between caregivers' perceptions of healthy weight and their own child's obesity status, however, was similar regardless of ethnicity.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-05-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26821665, 10.1111/cch.12318, PMC4841719, 26821665, 26821665
Format: Citation

Title: Allostatic Load and Personality: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study..
Creator: Stephan, Yannick, Sutin, Angelina R, Luchetti, Martina, Terracciano, Antonio
Abstract/Description: Dysregulation across multiple physiological systems, referred to as allostatic load, has pervasive consequences for an individual's health. The present study examined whether allostatic load is associated with personality and personality changes during a 4-year follow-up. A total of 5200 participants aged from 50 to 99 years (59.5% women, mean [standard deviation] age = 66.91 [8.88] years) from the Health and Retirement Study provided data on cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune markers at...
Show moreDysregulation across multiple physiological systems, referred to as allostatic load, has pervasive consequences for an individual's health. The present study examined whether allostatic load is associated with personality and personality changes during a 4-year follow-up. A total of 5200 participants aged from 50 to 99 years (59.5% women, mean [standard deviation] age = 66.91 [8.88] years) from the Health and Retirement Study provided data on cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune markers at baseline and personality both at baseline and at 4 years later. Higher allostatic load was related to higher neuroticism (β = 0.03, p = .042), lower extraversion (β = -0.06, p < .001), and lower conscientiousness (β = -0.06, p < .001) at baseline, and to declines in extraversion (β = -0.03, p = .007), conscientiousness (β = -0.04, p < .001), and agreeableness (β = -0.02, p = .020) over the 4-year period, controlling for demographic covariates. A significant quadratic relation between allostatic load and changes in openness (β = -0.03, p = .002) suggested that openness declines when individuals exceed a high level of cumulative physiological dysregulation. No association was found with changes in neuroticism. Allostatic load is associated with personality change across adulthood and old age. The findings indicate that physiological dysregulation across multiple systems challenges personality stability and is associated with accelerated personality traits change.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-04-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26716813, 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000281, PMC5481782, 26716813, 26716813
Format: Citation

Title: Weight discrimination and unhealthy eating-related behaviors.
Creator: Sutin, Angelina, Robinson, Eric, Daly, Michael, Terracciano, Antonio
Abstract/Description: Individuals with obesity often experience unfair treatment because of their body weight. Such experiences are associated with binge eating, but less is known about its association with other eating-related behaviors and whether these relations are specific to discrimination based on weight or extend to other attributions for discrimination. The present research uses a large national sample (N = 5129) to examine whether weight discrimination is associated with diet and meal rhythmicity, in...
Show moreIndividuals with obesity often experience unfair treatment because of their body weight. Such experiences are associated with binge eating, but less is known about its association with other eating-related behaviors and whether these relations are specific to discrimination based on weight or extend to other attributions for discrimination. The present research uses a large national sample (N = 5129) to examine whether weight discrimination is associated with diet and meal rhythmicity, in addition to overeating, and whether these associations generalize to nine other attributions for discrimination. We found that in addition to overeating, weight discrimination was associated with more frequent consumption of convenience foods and less regular meal timing. These associations were generally similar across sex, age, and race. Discrimination based on ancestry, gender, age, religion, and physical disability were also associated with overeating, which suggests that overeating may be a general coping response to discrimination. Unfair treatment because of body weight is associated with unhealthy eating-related behaviors, which may be one pathway through which weight discrimination increases risk for weight gain and obesity.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-07-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26877216, 10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.016, PMC4866877, 26877216, 26877216, S0195-6663(16)30051-4
Format: Citation

Title: Directional memory arises from long-lived cytoskeletal asymmetries in polarized chemotactic cells.
Creator: Prentice-Mott, Harrison V, Meroz, Yasmine, Carlson, Andreas, Levine, Michael A, Davidson, Michael W, Irimia, Daniel, Charras, Guillaume T, Mahadevan, L, Shah, Jagesh V
Abstract/Description: Chemotaxis, the directional migration of cells in a chemical gradient, is robust to fluctuations associated with low chemical concentrations and dynamically changing gradients as well as high saturating chemical concentrations. Although a number of reports have identified cellular behavior consistent with a directional memory that could account for behavior in these complex environments, the quantitative and molecular details of such a memory process remain unknown. Using microfluidics to...
Show moreChemotaxis, the directional migration of cells in a chemical gradient, is robust to fluctuations associated with low chemical concentrations and dynamically changing gradients as well as high saturating chemical concentrations. Although a number of reports have identified cellular behavior consistent with a directional memory that could account for behavior in these complex environments, the quantitative and molecular details of such a memory process remain unknown. Using microfluidics to confine cellular motion to a 1D channel and control chemoattractant exposure, we observed directional memory in chemotactic neutrophil-like cells. We modeled this directional memory as a long-lived intracellular asymmetry that decays slower than observed membrane phospholipid signaling. Measurements of intracellular dynamics revealed that moesin at the cell rear is a long-lived element that when inhibited, results in a reduction of memory. Inhibition of ROCK (Rho-associated protein kinase), downstream of RhoA (Ras homolog gene family, member A), stabilized moesin and directional memory while depolymerization of microtubules (MTs) disoriented moesin deposition and also reduced directional memory. Our study reveals that long-lived polarized cytoskeletal structures, specifically moesin, actomyosin, and MTs, provide a directional memory in neutrophil-like cells even as they respond on short time scales to external chemical cues.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-02-02
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26764383, 10.1073/pnas.1513289113, PMC4747767, 26764383, 26764383, 1513289113
Format: Citation

Title: Personality and Lung Function in Older Adults.
Creator: Terracciano, Antonio, Stephan, Yannick, Luchetti, Martina, Gonzalez-Rothi, Ricardo, Sutin, Angelina R
Abstract/Description: Lung disease is a leading cause of disability and death among older adults. We examine whether personality traits are associated with lung function and shortness of breath (dyspnea) in a national cohort with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Participants (N = 12,670) from the Health and Retirement Study were tested for peak expiratory flow (PEF) and completed measures of personality, health behaviors, and a medical history. High neuroticism and low extraversion,...
Show moreLung disease is a leading cause of disability and death among older adults. We examine whether personality traits are associated with lung function and shortness of breath (dyspnea) in a national cohort with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Participants (N = 12,670) from the Health and Retirement Study were tested for peak expiratory flow (PEF) and completed measures of personality, health behaviors, and a medical history. High neuroticism and low extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were associated with lower PEF, and higher likelihood of COPD and dyspnea. Conscientiousness had the strongest and most consistent associations, including lower risk of PEF less than 80% of the predicted value (OR = 0.67; 0.62-0.73) and dyspnea (OR = 0.52; 0.47-0.57). Although attenuated, the associations remained significant when accounting for smoking, physical activity, and chronic diseases including cardiovascular and psychiatric disorders. The associations between personality and PEF or dyspnea were similar among those with or without COPD, suggesting that psychological links to lung function are not disease dependent. In longitudinal analyses, high neuroticism (β = -0.019) and low conscientiousness (β = 0.027) predicted steeper declines in PEF. A vulnerable personality profile is common among individuals with limited lung function and COPD, predicts shortness of breath and worsening lung function.
Show less
Date Issued: 2017-10-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26786321, 10.1093/geronb/gbv161, PMC5926981, 26786321, 26786321, gbv161
Format: Citation

Title: Anxiety sensitivity facets in relation to tobacco use, abstinence-related problems, and cognitions in treatment-seeking smokers.
Creator: Guillot, Casey R, Leventhal, Adam M, Raines, Amanda M, Zvolensky, Michael J, Schmidt, Norman B
Abstract/Description: Anxiety sensitivity (AS)--fear of anxiety-related experiences--has been implicated in smoking motivation and maintenance. In a cross-sectional design, we examined AS facets (physical, cognitive, and social concerns) in relation to tobacco use, abstinence-related problems, and cognitions in 473 treatment-seeking smokers. After controlling for sex, race, age, educational attainment, hypertension status, and neuroticism, linear regression models indicated that AS physical and cognitive concerns...
Show moreAnxiety sensitivity (AS)--fear of anxiety-related experiences--has been implicated in smoking motivation and maintenance. In a cross-sectional design, we examined AS facets (physical, cognitive, and social concerns) in relation to tobacco use, abstinence-related problems, and cognitions in 473 treatment-seeking smokers. After controlling for sex, race, age, educational attainment, hypertension status, and neuroticism, linear regression models indicated that AS physical and cognitive concerns were associated with tobacco dependence severity (β=.13-.14, p<.01), particularly the severity of persistent smoking regardless of context or time of day (β=.14-.17, p<.01). All three AS facets were related to more severe problems during past quit attempts (β=.23-.27, p<.001). AS cognitive and social concerns were related to negative affect reduction smoking motives (β=.14, p<.01), but only the social concerns aspect of AS was related to pleasurable relaxation smoking motives and positive and negative reinforcement-related smoking outcome expectancies (β=.14-.17, p<.01). These data suggest that AS physical and cognitive concerns are associated with negative reinforcement-related smoking variables (e.g., abstinence-related problems), whereas the social concerns aspect of AS is associated with positive and negative reinforcement-related smoking variables. Together with past findings, current findings can usefully guide AS-oriented smoking cessation treatment development and refinement.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-05-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26802790, 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.01.005, PMC4738174, 26802790, 26802790, S0306-4603(16)30005-3
Format: Citation

Title: Anxiety sensitivity risk reduction in smokers: A randomized control trial examining effects on panic..
Creator: Schmidt, Norman B, Raines, Amanda M, Allan, Nicholas P, Zvolensky, Michael J
Abstract/Description: Empirical evidence has identified several risk factors for panic psychopathology, including smoking and anxiety sensitivity (AS; the fear of anxiety-related sensations). Smokers with elevated AS are therefore a particularly vulnerable population for panic. Yet, there is little knowledge about how to reduce risk of panic among high AS smokers. The present study prospectively evaluated panic outcomes within the context of a controlled randomized risk reduction program for smokers. Participants ...
Show moreEmpirical evidence has identified several risk factors for panic psychopathology, including smoking and anxiety sensitivity (AS; the fear of anxiety-related sensations). Smokers with elevated AS are therefore a particularly vulnerable population for panic. Yet, there is little knowledge about how to reduce risk of panic among high AS smokers. The present study prospectively evaluated panic outcomes within the context of a controlled randomized risk reduction program for smokers. Participants (N = 526) included current smokers who all received a state-of-the-art smoking cessation intervention with approximately half randomized to the AS reduction intervention termed Panic-smoking Program (PSP). The primary hypotheses focus on examining the effects of a PSP on panic symptoms in the context of this vulnerable population. Consistent with prediction, there was a significant effect of treatment condition on AS, such that individuals in the PSP condition, compared to those in the control condition, demonstrated greater decreases in AS throughout treatment and the follow-up period. In addition, PSP treatment resulted in lower rates of panic-related symptomatology. Moreover, mediation analyses indicated that reductions in AS resulted in lower panic symptoms. The present study provides the first empirical evidence that brief, targeted psychoeducational interventions can mitigate panic risk among smokers.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-02-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26752327, 10.1016/j.brat.2015.12.011, PMC4752863, 26752327, 26752327, S0005-7967(15)30075-9
Format: Citation

Title: Does Suicidal Ideation Influence Memory? A Study of the Role of Violent Daydreaming in the Relationship Between Suicidal Ideation and Everyday Memory.
Creator: Chu, Carol, Podlogar, Matthew C, Rogers, Megan L, Buchman-Schmitt, Jennifer M, Negley, Jacob H, Joiner, Thomas E
Abstract/Description: Individuals at risk for suicide experience periods of emotional, enduring, and vivid thoughts about their death by suicide and frequently report violent daydreams about death. Daydreaming is associated with forgetfulness and memory impairments. However, no studies have examined whether suicidal ideation is associated with deficits in everyday memory capabilities and whether violent daydreaming may influence these relationships. This study tested these hypotheses in a sample of 512 young...
Show moreIndividuals at risk for suicide experience periods of emotional, enduring, and vivid thoughts about their death by suicide and frequently report violent daydreams about death. Daydreaming is associated with forgetfulness and memory impairments. However, no studies have examined whether suicidal ideation is associated with deficits in everyday memory capabilities and whether violent daydreaming may influence these relationships. This study tested these hypotheses in a sample of 512 young adults. Self-report measures of subjective everyday memory capabilities, violent daydreaming, and suicidal ideation were administered. Results indicated that suicidal ideation and violent daydreaming were each significantly associated with greater impairments in everyday memory retrieval and everyday memory encoding (i.e., attentional tracking). Furthermore, violent daydreaming accounted for the relationship between suicidal ideation and impairments in everyday memory retrieval and memory encoding. Notably, findings remained after controlling for gender and depressive symptoms, a robust predictor of memory impairments. Implications and limitations are discussed.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-09-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26798081, 10.1177/0145445515625189, PMC4956597, 26798081, 26798081, 0145445515625189
Format: Citation

Title: ORF33 and ORF38 of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Interact and Are Required for Optimal Production of Infectious Progeny Viruses.
Creator: Wu, Jian-Jun, Avey, Denis, Li, Wenwei, Gillen, Joseph, Fu, Bishi, Miley, Wendell, Whitby, Denise, Zhu, Fanxiu
Abstract/Description: We recently showed that the interaction between Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) tegument proteins ORF33 and ORF45 is crucial for progeny virion production, but the exact functions of KSHV ORF33 during lytic replication were unknown (J. Gillen, W. Li, Q. Liang, D. Avey, J. Wu, F. Wu, J. Myoung, and F. Zhu, J Virol 89:4918-4931, 2015, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02925-14). Therefore, here we investigated the relationship between ORF33 and ORF38, whose counterparts in both alpha...
Show moreWe recently showed that the interaction between Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) tegument proteins ORF33 and ORF45 is crucial for progeny virion production, but the exact functions of KSHV ORF33 during lytic replication were unknown (J. Gillen, W. Li, Q. Liang, D. Avey, J. Wu, F. Wu, J. Myoung, and F. Zhu, J Virol 89:4918-4931, 2015, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02925-14). Therefore, here we investigated the relationship between ORF33 and ORF38, whose counterparts in both alpha- and betaherpesviruses interact with each other. Using specific monoclonal antibodies, we found that both proteins are expressed during the late lytic cycle with similar kinetics and that both are present in mature virions as components of the tegument. Furthermore, we confirmed that ORF33 interacts with ORF38. Interestingly, we observed that ORF33 tightly associates with the capsid, whereas ORF38 associates with the envelope. We generated ORF33-null, ORF38-null, and double-null mutants and found that these mutants apparently have identical phenotypes: the mutations caused no apparent effect on viral gene expression but reduced the yield of progeny virion by about 10-fold. The progeny virions also lack certain virion component proteins, including ORF45. During viral lytic replication, the virions associate with cytoplasmic vesicles. We also observed that ORF38 associates with the membranes of vesicles and colocalizes with the Golgi membrane or early endosome membrane. Further analyses of ORF33/ORF38 mutants revealed the reduced production of virion-containing vesicles, suggesting that ORF33 and ORF38 are involved in the transport of newly assembled viral particles into cytoplasmic vesicles, a process important for viral maturation and egress. Herpesvirus assembly is an essential step in virus propagation that leads to the generation of progeny virions. It is a complicated process that depends on the delicate regulation of interactions among virion proteins. We previously revealed an essential role of ORF45-ORF33 binding for virus assembly. Here, we report that ORF33 and its binding partner, ORF38, are required for infectious virus production due to their important role in the tegumentation process. Moreover, we found that both ORF33 and ORF38 are involved in the transportation of virions through vesicles during maturation and egress. Our results provide new insights into the important roles of ORF33 and ORF38 during viral assembly, a process critical for virus propagation that is intimately linked to KSHV pathobiology.
Show less
Date Issued: 2015-12-04
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26637455, 10.1128/JVI.02738-15, PMC4734004, 26637455, 26637455, JVI.02738-15
Format: Citation

Title: Emergence and evolution of Zfp36l3.
Creator: Gingerich, Timothy J, Stumpo, Deborah J, Lai, Wi S, Randall, Thomas A, Steppan, Scott J, Blackshear, Perry J
Abstract/Description: In most mammals, the Zfp36 gene family consists of three conserved members, with a fourth member, Zfp36l3, present only in rodents. The ZFP36 proteins regulate post-transcriptional gene expression at the level of mRNA stability in organisms from humans to yeasts, and appear to be expressed in all major groups of eukaryotes. In Mus musculus, Zfp36l3 expression is limited to the placenta and yolk sac, and is important for overall fecundity. We sequenced the Zfp36l3 gene from more than 20...
Show moreIn most mammals, the Zfp36 gene family consists of three conserved members, with a fourth member, Zfp36l3, present only in rodents. The ZFP36 proteins regulate post-transcriptional gene expression at the level of mRNA stability in organisms from humans to yeasts, and appear to be expressed in all major groups of eukaryotes. In Mus musculus, Zfp36l3 expression is limited to the placenta and yolk sac, and is important for overall fecundity. We sequenced the Zfp36l3 gene from more than 20 representative species, from members of the Muridae, Cricetidae and Nesomyidae families. Zfp36l3 was not present in Dipodidae, or any families that branched earlier, indicating that this gene is exclusive to the Muroidea superfamily. We provide evidence that Zfp36l3 arose by retrotransposition of an mRNA encoded by a related gene, Zfp36l2 into an ancestral rodent X chromosome. Zfp36l3 has evolved rapidly since its origin, and numerous modifications have developed, including variations in start codon utilization, de novo intron formation by mechanisms including a nested retrotransposition, and the insertion of distinct repetitive regions. One of these repeat regions, a long alanine rich-sequence, is responsible for the full-time cytoplasmic localization of Mus musculus ZFP36L3. In contrast, this repeat sequence is lacking in Peromyscus maniculatus ZFP36L3, and this protein contains a novel nuclear export sequence that controls shuttling between the nucleus and cytosol. Zfp36l3 is an example of a recently acquired, rapidly evolving gene, and its various orthologues illustrate several different mechanisms by which new genes emerge and evolve.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-01-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26493225, 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.016, PMC4663143, 26493225, 26493225, S1055-7903(15)00319-X
Format: Citation

Title: Personality and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: Data From a Longitudinal Sample and Meta-Analysis..
Creator: Luchetti, Martina, Terracciano, Antonio, Stephan, Yannick, Sutin, Angelina R
Abstract/Description: Personality traits are associated with risk of dementia; less is known about their association with the trajectory of cognitive functioning. This research examines the association between the 5 major dimensions of personality and cognitive function and decline in older adulthood and includes a meta-analysis of published studies. Personality traits, objective and subjective memory, and cognitive status were collected in a large national sample (N = 13,987) with a 4-year follow-up period. For...
Show morePersonality traits are associated with risk of dementia; less is known about their association with the trajectory of cognitive functioning. This research examines the association between the 5 major dimensions of personality and cognitive function and decline in older adulthood and includes a meta-analysis of published studies. Personality traits, objective and subjective memory, and cognitive status were collected in a large national sample (N = 13,987) with a 4-year follow-up period. For each trait, the meta-analysis pooled results from up to 5 prospective studies to examine personality and change in global cognition. Higher Neuroticism was associated with worse performance on all cognitive measures and greater decline in memory, whereas higher Conscientiousness and Openness were associated with better memory performance concurrently and less decline over time. All traits were associated with subjective memory. Higher Conscientiousness and lower Extraversion were associated with better cognitive status and less decline. Although modest, these associations were generally larger than that of hypertension, diabetes, history of psychological treatment, obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity. The meta-analysis supported the association between Neuroticism and Conscientiousness and cognitive decline. Personality is associated with cognitive decline in older adults, with effects comparable to established clinical and lifestyle risk factors.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-07-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_25583598, 10.1093/geronb/gbu184, PMC4903032, 25583598, 25583598, gbu184
Format: Citation

Title: Meta-analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies for Extraversion: Findings from the Genetics of Personality Consortium..
Creator: van den Berg, Stéphanie M, de Moor, Marleen H M, Verweij, Karin J H, Krueger, Robert F, Luciano, Michelle, Arias Vasquez, Alejandro, Matteson, Lindsay K, Derringer, Jaime, Esko,...
Show morevan den Berg, Stéphanie M, de Moor, Marleen H M, Verweij, Karin J H, Krueger, Robert F, Luciano, Michelle, Arias Vasquez, Alejandro, Matteson, Lindsay K, Derringer, Jaime, Esko, Tõnu, Amin, Najaf, Gordon, Scott D, Hansell, Narelle K, Hart, Amy B, Seppälä, Ilkka, Huffman, Jennifer E, Konte, Bettina, Lahti, Jari, Lee, Minyoung, Miller, Mike, Nutile, Teresa, Tanaka, Toshiko, Teumer, Alexander, Viktorin, Alexander, Wedenoja, Juho, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Abecasis, Goncalo R, Adkins, Daniel E, Agrawal, Arpana, Allik, Jüri, Appel, Katja, Bigdeli, Timothy B, Busonero, Fabio, Campbell, Harry, Costa, Paul T, Smith, George Davey, Davies, Gail, de Wit, Harriet, Ding, Jun, Engelhardt, Barbara E, Eriksson, Johan G, Fedko, Iryna O, Ferrucci, Luigi, Franke, Barbara, Giegling, Ina, Grucza, Richard, Hartmann, Annette M, Heath, Andrew C, Heinonen, Kati, Henders, Anjali K, Homuth, Georg, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Iacono, William G, Janzing, Joost, Jokela, Markus, Karlsson, Robert, Kemp, John P, Kirkpatrick, Matthew G, Latvala, Antti, Lehtimäki, Terho, Liewald, David C, Madden, Pamela A F, Magri, Chiara, Magnusson, Patrik K E, Marten, Jonathan, Maschio, Andrea, Mbarek, Hamdi, Medland, Sarah E, Mihailov, Evelin, Milaneschi, Yuri, Montgomery, Grant W, Nauck, Matthias, Nivard, Michel G, Ouwens, Klaasjan G, Palotie, Aarno, Pettersson, Erik, Polasek, Ozren, Qian, Yong, Pulkki-Råback, Laura, Raitakari, Olli T, Realo, Anu, Rose, Richard J, Ruggiero, Daniela, Schmidt, Carsten O, Slutske, Wendy S, Sorice, Rossella, Starr, John M, St Pourcain, Beate, Sutin, Angelina R, Timpson, Nicholas J, Trochet, Holly, Vermeulen, Sita, Vuoksimaa, Eero, Widen, Elisabeth, Wouda, Jasper, Wright, Margaret J, Zgaga, Lina, Porteous, David, Minelli, Alessandra, Palmer, Abraham A, Rujescu, Dan, Ciullo, Marina, Hayward, Caroline, Rudan, Igor, Metspalu, Andres, Kaprio, Jaakko, Deary, Ian J, Räikkönen, Katri, Wilson, James F, Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa, Bierut, Laura J, Hettema, John M, Grabe, Hans J, Penninx, Brenda W J H, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Evans, David M, Schlessinger, David, Pedersen, Nancy L, Terracciano, Antonio, McGue, Matt, Martin, Nicholas G, Boomsma, Dorret I
Show less
Abstract/Description: Extraversion is a relatively stable and heritable personality trait associated with numerous psychosocial, lifestyle and health outcomes. Despite its substantial heritability, no genetic variants have been detected in previous genome-wide association (GWA) studies, which may be due to relatively small sample sizes of those studies. Here, we report on a large meta-analysis of GWA studies for extraversion in 63,030 subjects in 29 cohorts. Extraversion item data from multiple personality...
Show moreExtraversion is a relatively stable and heritable personality trait associated with numerous psychosocial, lifestyle and health outcomes. Despite its substantial heritability, no genetic variants have been detected in previous genome-wide association (GWA) studies, which may be due to relatively small sample sizes of those studies. Here, we report on a large meta-analysis of GWA studies for extraversion in 63,030 subjects in 29 cohorts. Extraversion item data from multiple personality inventories were harmonized across inventories and cohorts. No genome-wide significant associations were found at the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) level but there was one significant hit at the gene level for a long non-coding RNA site (LOC101928162). Genome-wide complex trait analysis in two large cohorts showed that the additive variance explained by common SNPs was not significantly different from zero, but polygenic risk scores, weighted using linkage information, significantly predicted extraversion scores in an independent cohort. These results show that extraversion is a highly polygenic personality trait, with an architecture possibly different from other complex human traits, including other personality traits. Future studies are required to further determine which genetic variants, by what modes of gene action, constitute the heritable nature of extraversion.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-03-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26362575, 10.1007/s10519-015-9735-5, PMC4751159, 26362575, 26362575, 10.1007/s10519-015-9735-5
Format: Citation

Title: Perceived discrimination and personality development in adulthood.
Creator: Sutin, Angelina R, Stephan, Yannick, Terracciano, Antonio
Abstract/Description: Perceived discrimination is common and a significant source of stress that may have implications for personality development across adulthood. In this study, we examined whether experiences with discrimination were associated with maladaptive changes in the 5 major dimensions of personality using 2 longitudinal samples that differed in age and follow-up interval. In the Health and Retirement Study, participants who perceived discrimination increased in their tendency to experience negative...
Show morePerceived discrimination is common and a significant source of stress that may have implications for personality development across adulthood. In this study, we examined whether experiences with discrimination were associated with maladaptive changes in the 5 major dimensions of personality using 2 longitudinal samples that differed in age and follow-up interval. In the Health and Retirement Study, participants who perceived discrimination increased in their tendency to experience negative emotions (neuroticism), decreased in their tendency to be trusting (agreeableness), and decreased in their tendency to be organized and disciplined (conscientiousness). These associations replicated using participants from the Midlife in the United States study. The findings indicate that social pathways, in addition to biological and developmental tasks, are important for adult personality development. (PsycINFO Database Record
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-01-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26501729, 10.1037/dev0000069, PMC4941235, 26501729, 26501729, 2015-48441-001
Format: Citation

Title: Binge Drinking in Young Adulthood: The Influence of Age at First Intercourse and Rate of Sex Partner Accumulation..
Creator: Holway, Giuseppina Valle, Tillman, Kathryn Harker, Brewster, Karin L
Abstract/Description: There has been growing attention to the influence of youths' sexual experiences on alcohol use and other health-risk behaviors. Yet, because of the cross-sectional nature of many studies, as well as the likelihood of alcohol use and sexual behaviors to co-occur, the question of whether initiation of sexual activity tends to precede engagement in other behaviors, like binge drinking, remains largely unanswered. Using data from 4726 respondents who participated in Waves I through IV of the...
Show moreThere has been growing attention to the influence of youths' sexual experiences on alcohol use and other health-risk behaviors. Yet, because of the cross-sectional nature of many studies, as well as the likelihood of alcohol use and sexual behaviors to co-occur, the question of whether initiation of sexual activity tends to precede engagement in other behaviors, like binge drinking, remains largely unanswered. Using data from 4726 respondents who participated in Waves I through IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), we examined the association between age at first intercourse and frequent binge drinking during one's mid-twenties and early thirties. We further explored whether this relationship was mediated or moderated by the rate at which individuals accumulated sex partners during the transition to adulthood. Findings showed for women and men, later ages at first intercourse were associated with lower odds of frequent binge drinking in young adulthood. While rate of sex partner accumulation partially mediated this association, it did not moderate it. Furthermore, rate of partner accumulation was positively associated with binge drinking, particularly among women, with a quicker accumulation of sex partners associated with a higher likelihood of engaging in frequent binge drinking. Our findings underscore the importance of considering multiple dimensions of a single behavior and their relation to subsequent health-related behaviors.
Show less
Date Issued: 2017-02-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26400653, 10.1007/s10508-015-0597-y, PMC4828321, 26400653, 26400653, 10.1007/s10508-015-0597-y
Format: Citation

Title: Pneumonia's second wind? A case study of the global health network for childhood pneumonia.
Creator: Berlan, David
Abstract/Description: Advocacy, policy, research and intervention efforts against childhood pneumonia have lagged behind other health issues, including malaria, measles and tuberculosis. Accelerating progress on the issue began in 2008, following decades of efforts by individuals and organizations to address the leading cause of childhood mortality and establish a global health network. This article traces the history of this network's formation and evolution to identify lessons for other global health issues....
Show moreAdvocacy, policy, research and intervention efforts against childhood pneumonia have lagged behind other health issues, including malaria, measles and tuberculosis. Accelerating progress on the issue began in 2008, following decades of efforts by individuals and organizations to address the leading cause of childhood mortality and establish a global health network. This article traces the history of this network's formation and evolution to identify lessons for other global health issues. Through document review and interviews with current, former and potential network members, this case study identifies five distinct eras of activity against childhood pneumonia: a period of isolation (post WWII to 1984), the duration of WHO's Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) Programme (1984-1995), Integrated Management of Childhood illness's (IMCI) early years (1995-2003), a brief period of network re-emergence (2003-2008) and recent accelerating progress (2008 on). Analysis of these eras reveals the critical importance of building a shared identity in order to form an effective network and take advantage of emerging opportunities. During the ARI era, an initial network formed around a relatively narrow shared identity focused on community-level care. The shift to IMCI led to the partial dissolution of this network, stalled progress on addressing pneumonia in communities and missed opportunities. Frustrated with lack of progress on the issue, actors began forming a network and shared identity that included a broad spectrum of those whose interests overlap with pneumonia. As the network coalesced and expanded, its members coordinated and collaborated on conducting and sharing research on severity and tractability, crafting comprehensive strategies and conducting advocacy. These network activities exerted indirect influence leading to increased attention, funding, policies and some implementation.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-04-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26438780, 10.1093/heapol/czv070, PMC4954558, 26438780, 26438780, czv070
Format: Citation

Title: Personality traits and body mass index: Modifiers and mechanisms..
Creator: Sutin, Angelina R, Terracciano, Antonio
Abstract/Description: To identify how demographic factors (sex, age, ethnicity) modify the association between personality traits and body mass index (BMI) and to test the extent that diet and physical activity account for the personality-BMI relations. Cross-sectional study with a diverse sample (N = 5150, 50% female, 19% African American, 15% Hispanic). Participants completed a measure of the five major dimensions of personality and reported on their physical activity, diet and food intake behaviour, and height...
Show moreTo identify how demographic factors (sex, age, ethnicity) modify the association between personality traits and body mass index (BMI) and to test the extent that diet and physical activity account for the personality-BMI relations. Cross-sectional study with a diverse sample (N = 5150, 50% female, 19% African American, 15% Hispanic). Participants completed a measure of the five major dimensions of personality and reported on their physical activity, diet and food intake behaviour, and height and weight. BMI and obesity (BMI ≥ 30). High Neuroticism was associated with higher BMI and risk for obesity, whereas Conscientiousness and, to a lesser extent, Extraversion and Openness were protective. These associations were generally stronger among women and older participants; there was less evidence for ethnicity as a moderator. Personality had similar relations with the behavioural factors, and physical activity, diet and regular meal rhythms accounted for approximately 50% of the association between Neuroticism and Conscientiousness and BMI. This study supports the links between personality traits and BMI and suggests that physical activity, more than diet, is a key factor in these associations.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-01-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26274568, 10.1080/08870446.2015.1082561, PMC4827155, 26274568, 26274568
Format: Citation

Title: Predicting Later Study Withdrawal in Participants Active in a Longitudinal Birth Cohort Study for 1 Year: The TEDDY Study..
Creator: Johnson, Suzanne Bennett, Lynch, Kristian F, Baxter, Judith, Lernmark, Barbro, Roth, Roswith, Simell, Tuula, Smith, Laura
Abstract/Description: To identify predictors of later study withdrawal among participants active in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) for 1 year. Multiple logistic regression was used to discriminate 3,042 children active in TEDDY for the first 3 years from 432 children who withdrew in Years 2 or 3. Predictor variables were tested in blocks-demographic, maternal lifestyle behaviors, stress and child illness, maternal reactions to child's increased diabetes risk, in-study behaviors...
Show moreTo identify predictors of later study withdrawal among participants active in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) for 1 year. Multiple logistic regression was used to discriminate 3,042 children active in TEDDY for the first 3 years from 432 children who withdrew in Years 2 or 3. Predictor variables were tested in blocks-demographic, maternal lifestyle behaviors, stress and child illness, maternal reactions to child's increased diabetes risk, in-study behaviors-and a final best model developed. Few demographic factors predicted study withdrawal. Maternal lifestyle behaviors, accuracy of the mother's risk perception, and in-study behaviors were more important. Frequent child illnesses were associated with greater study retention. Demographic measures are insufficient predictors of later study withdrawal among those active in a study for at least 1 year; behavioral/psychological factors offer improved prediction and guidance for the development of retention strategies.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-04-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26412232, 10.1093/jpepsy/jsv092, PMC5013835, 26412232, 26412232, jsv092
Format: Citation

Title: Use of internal consistency coefficients for estimating reliability of experimental task scores.
Creator: Green, Samuel B, Yang, Yanyun, Alt, Mary, Brinkley, Shara, Gray, Shelley, Hogan, Tiffany, Cowan, Nelson
Abstract/Description: Reliabilities of scores for experimental tasks are likely to differ from one study to another to the extent that the task stimuli change, the number of trials varies, the type of individuals taking the task changes, the administration conditions are altered, or the focal task variable differs. Given that reliabilities vary as a function of the design of these tasks and the characteristics of the individuals taking them, making inferences about the reliability of scores in an ongoing study...
Show moreReliabilities of scores for experimental tasks are likely to differ from one study to another to the extent that the task stimuli change, the number of trials varies, the type of individuals taking the task changes, the administration conditions are altered, or the focal task variable differs. Given that reliabilities vary as a function of the design of these tasks and the characteristics of the individuals taking them, making inferences about the reliability of scores in an ongoing study based on reliability estimates from prior studies is precarious. Thus, it would be advantageous to estimate reliability based on data from the ongoing study. We argue that internal consistency estimates of reliability are underutilized for experimental task data and in many applications could provide this information using a single administration of a task. We discuss different methods for computing internal consistency estimates with a generalized coefficient alpha and the conditions under which these estimates are accurate. We illustrate use of these coefficients using data for three different tasks.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-06-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26546100, 10.3758/s13423-015-0968-3, PMC5484005, 26546100, 26546100, 10.3758/s13423-015-0968-3
Format: Citation

Title: Tests for equivalence of two survival functions: Alternative to the tests under proportional hazards..
Creator: Martinez, Elvis E, Sinha, Debajyoti, Wang, Wenting, Lipsitz, Stuart R, Chappell, Richard J
Abstract/Description: For either the equivalence trial or the non-inferiority trial with survivor outcomes from two treatment groups, the most popular testing procedure is the extension (e.g., Wellek, A log-rank test for equivalence of two survivor functions, Biometrics, 1993; 49: 877-881) of log-rank based test under proportional hazards model. We show that the actual type I error rate for the popular procedure of Wellek is higher than the intended nominal rate when survival responses from two treatment arms...
Show moreFor either the equivalence trial or the non-inferiority trial with survivor outcomes from two treatment groups, the most popular testing procedure is the extension (e.g., Wellek, A log-rank test for equivalence of two survivor functions, Biometrics, 1993; 49: 877-881) of log-rank based test under proportional hazards model. We show that the actual type I error rate for the popular procedure of Wellek is higher than the intended nominal rate when survival responses from two treatment arms satisfy the proportional odds survival model. When the true model is proportional odds survival model, we show that the hypothesis of equivalence of two survival functions can be formulated as a statistical hypothesis involving only the survival odds ratio parameter. We further show that our new equivalence test, formulation, and related procedures are applicable even in the presence of additional covariates beyond treatment arms, and the associated equivalence test procedures have correct type I error rates under the proportional hazards model as well as the proportional odds survival model. These results show that use of our test will be a safer statistical practice for equivalence trials of survival responses than the commonly used log-rank based tests.
Show less
Date Issued: 2017-02-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_24925887, 10.1177/0962280214539282, PMC5557049, 24925887, 24925887, 0962280214539282
Format: Citation

Title: Bias-corrected estimates for logistic regression models for complex surveys with application to the United States' Nationwide Inpatient Sample.
Creator: Rader, Kevin A, Lipsitz, Stuart R, Fitzmaurice, Garrett M, Harrington, David P, Parzen, Michael, Sinha, Debajyoti
Abstract/Description: For complex surveys with a binary outcome, logistic regression is widely used to model the outcome as a function of covariates. Complex survey sampling designs are typically stratified cluster samples, but consistent and asymptotically unbiased estimates of the logistic regression parameters can be obtained using weighted estimating equations (WEEs) under the naive assumption that subjects within a cluster are independent. Despite the relatively large samples typical of many complex surveys,...
Show moreFor complex surveys with a binary outcome, logistic regression is widely used to model the outcome as a function of covariates. Complex survey sampling designs are typically stratified cluster samples, but consistent and asymptotically unbiased estimates of the logistic regression parameters can be obtained using weighted estimating equations (WEEs) under the naive assumption that subjects within a cluster are independent. Despite the relatively large samples typical of many complex surveys, with rare outcomes, many interaction terms, or analysis of subgroups, the logistic regression parameters estimates from WEE can be markedly biased, just as with independent samples. In this paper, we propose bias-corrected WEEs for complex survey data. The proposed method is motivated by a study of postoperative complications in laparoscopic cystectomy, using data from the 2009 United States' Nationwide Inpatient Sample complex survey of hospitals.
Show less
Date Issued: 2017-10-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26265769, 10.1177/0962280215596550, PMC5799008, 26265769, 26265769, 0962280215596550
Format: Citation

Title: Summer indoor heat exposure and respiratory and cardiovascular distress calls in New York City, NY, U.S.
Creator: Uejio, C K, Tamerius, J D, Vredenburg, J, Asaeda, G, Isaacs, D A, Braun, J, Quinn, A, Freese, J P
Abstract/Description: Most extreme heat studies relate outdoor weather conditions to human morbidity and mortality. In developed nations, individuals spend ~90% of their time indoors. This pilot study investigated the indoor environments of people receiving emergency medical care in New York City, NY, U.S., from July to August 2013. The first objective was to determine the relative influence of outdoor conditions as well as patient characteristics and neighborhood sociodemographics on indoor temperature and...
Show moreMost extreme heat studies relate outdoor weather conditions to human morbidity and mortality. In developed nations, individuals spend ~90% of their time indoors. This pilot study investigated the indoor environments of people receiving emergency medical care in New York City, NY, U.S., from July to August 2013. The first objective was to determine the relative influence of outdoor conditions as well as patient characteristics and neighborhood sociodemographics on indoor temperature and specific humidity (N = 764). The second objective was to determine whether cardiovascular or respiratory cases experience hotter and more humid indoor conditions as compared to controls. Paramedics carried portable sensors into buildings where patients received care to passively monitor indoor temperature and humidity. The case-control study compared 338 respiratory cases, 291 cardiovascular cases, and 471 controls. Intuitively, warmer and sunnier outdoor conditions increased indoor temperatures. Older patients who received emergency care tended to occupy warmer buildings. Indoor-specific humidity levels quickly adjusted to outdoor conditions. Indoor heat and humidity exposure above a 26 °C threshold increased (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 0.98-2.68, P = 0.056), but not significantly, the proportion of respiratory cases. Indoor heat exposures were similar between cardiovascular cases and controls.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-08-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26086869, 10.1111/ina.12227, PMC4786471, 26086869, 26086869
Format: Citation

Title: Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Reveals that Intact Histone H1 Phosphorylations are Variant Specific and Exhibit Single Molecule Hierarchical Dependence.
Creator: Chen, Yu, Hoover, Michael E, Dang, Xibei, Shomo, Alan A, Guan, Xiaoyan, Marshall, Alan G, Freitas, Michael A, Young, Nicolas L
Abstract/Description: Breast cancer was the second leading cause of cancer related mortality for females in 2014. Recent studies suggest histone H1 phosphorylation may be useful as a clinical biomarker of breast and other cancers because of its ability to recognize proliferative cell populations. Although monitoring a single phosphorylated H1 residue is adequate to stratify high-grade breast tumors, expanding our knowledge of how H1 is phosphorylated through the cell cycle is paramount to understanding its role in...
Show moreBreast cancer was the second leading cause of cancer related mortality for females in 2014. Recent studies suggest histone H1 phosphorylation may be useful as a clinical biomarker of breast and other cancers because of its ability to recognize proliferative cell populations. Although monitoring a single phosphorylated H1 residue is adequate to stratify high-grade breast tumors, expanding our knowledge of how H1 is phosphorylated through the cell cycle is paramount to understanding its role in carcinogenesis. H1 analysis by bottom-up MS is challenging because of the presence of highly homologous sequence variants expressed by most cells. These highly basic proteins are difficult to analyze by LC-MS/MS because of the small, hydrophilic nature of peptides produced by tryptic digestion. Although bottom-up methods permit identification of several H1 phosphorylation events, these peptides are not useful for observing the combinatorial post-translational modification (PTM) patterns on the protein of interest. To complement the information provided by bottom-up MS, we utilized a top-down MS/MS workflow to permit identification and quantitation of H1 proteoforms related to the progression of breast cells through the cell cycle. Histones H1.2 and H1.4 were observed in MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast cells, whereas an additional histone variant, histone H1.3, was identified only in nonneoplastic MCF-10A cells. Progressive phosphorylation of histone H1.4 was identified in both cell lines at mitosis (M phase). Phosphorylation occurred first at S172 followed successively by S187, T18, T146, and T154. Notably, phosphorylation at S173 of histone H1.2 and S172, S187, T18, T146, and T154 of H1.4 significantly increases during M phase relative to S phase, suggesting that these events are cell cycle-dependent and may serve as markers for proliferation. Finally, we report the observation of the H1.2 SNP variant A18V in MCF-10A cells.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-03-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26209608, 10.1074/mcp.M114.046441, PMC4813703, 26209608, 26209608, M114.046441
Format: Citation

Title: Comparative exploration of hydrogen sulfide and water transmembrane free energy surfaces via orthogonal space tempering free energy sampling.
Creator: Lv, Chao, Aitchison, Erick W, Wu, Dongsheng, Zheng, Lianqing, Cheng, Xiaolin, Yang, Wei
Abstract/Description: Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S), a commonly known toxic gas compound, possesses unique chemical features that allow this small solute molecule to quickly diffuse through cell membranes. Taking advantage of the recent orthogonal space tempering (OST) method, we comparatively mapped the transmembrane free energy landscapes of H2 S and its structural analogue, water (H2 O), seeking to decipher the molecular determinants that govern their drastically different permeabilities. As revealed by our OST...
Show moreHydrogen sulfide (H2 S), a commonly known toxic gas compound, possesses unique chemical features that allow this small solute molecule to quickly diffuse through cell membranes. Taking advantage of the recent orthogonal space tempering (OST) method, we comparatively mapped the transmembrane free energy landscapes of H2 S and its structural analogue, water (H2 O), seeking to decipher the molecular determinants that govern their drastically different permeabilities. As revealed by our OST sampling results, in contrast to the highly polar water solute, hydrogen sulfide is evidently amphipathic, and thus inside membrane is favorably localized at the interfacial region, that is, the interface between the polar head-group and nonpolar acyl chain regions. Because the membrane binding affinity of H2 S is mainly governed by its small hydrophobic moiety and the barrier height inbetween the interfacial region and the membrane center is largely determined by its moderate polarity, the transmembrane free energy barriers to encounter by this toxic molecule are very small. Moreover when H2 S diffuses from the bulk solution to the membrane center, the above two effects nearly cancel each other, so as to lead to a negligible free energy difference. This study not only explains why H2 S can quickly pass through cell membranes but also provides a practical illustration on how to use the OST free energy sampling method to conveniently analyze complex molecular processes. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-03-05
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26119423, 10.1002/jcc.23982, PMC4959446, 26119423, 26119423
Format: Citation

Title: Quantitative Multiscale Cell Imaging in Controlled 3D Microenvironments.
Creator: Welf, Erik S, Driscoll, Meghan K, Dean, Kevin M, Schäfer, Claudia, Chu, Jun, Davidson, Michael W, Lin, Michael Z, Danuser, Gaudenz, Fiolka, Reto
Abstract/Description: The microenvironment determines cell behavior, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood because quantitative studies of cell signaling and behavior have been challenging due to insufficient spatial and/or temporal resolution and limitations on microenvironmental control. Here we introduce microenvironmental selective plane illumination microscopy (meSPIM) for imaging and quantification of intracellular signaling and submicrometer cellular structures as well as large-scale...
Show moreThe microenvironment determines cell behavior, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood because quantitative studies of cell signaling and behavior have been challenging due to insufficient spatial and/or temporal resolution and limitations on microenvironmental control. Here we introduce microenvironmental selective plane illumination microscopy (meSPIM) for imaging and quantification of intracellular signaling and submicrometer cellular structures as well as large-scale cell morphological and environmental features. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by showing that the mechanical properties of the microenvironment regulate the transition of melanoma cells from actin-driven protrusion to blebbing, and we present tools to quantify how cells manipulate individual collagen fibers. We leverage the nearly isotropic resolution of meSPIM to quantify the local concentration of actin and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling on the surfaces of cells deep within 3D collagen matrices and track the many small membrane protrusions that appear in these more physiologically relevant environments.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-02-22
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26906741, 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.01.022, PMC4784259, 26906741, 26906741, S1534-5807(16)00089-7
Format: Citation

Title: The functional significance of the last 5 residues of the C-terminus of cardiac troponin I.
Creator: Gilda, Jennifer E, Xu, Qian, Martinez, Margaret E, Nguyen, Susan T, Chase, P Bryant, Gomes, Aldrin V
Abstract/Description: The C-terminal region of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is known to be important in cardiac function, as removal of the last 17 C-terminal residues of human cTnI has been associated with myocardial stunning. To investigate the C-terminal region of cTnI, three C-terminal deletion mutations in human cTnI were generated: Δ1 (deletion of residue 210), Δ3 (deletion of residues 208-210), and Δ5 (deletion of residues 206-210). Mammalian two-hybrid studies showed that the interactions between cTnI mutants...
Show moreThe C-terminal region of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is known to be important in cardiac function, as removal of the last 17 C-terminal residues of human cTnI has been associated with myocardial stunning. To investigate the C-terminal region of cTnI, three C-terminal deletion mutations in human cTnI were generated: Δ1 (deletion of residue 210), Δ3 (deletion of residues 208-210), and Δ5 (deletion of residues 206-210). Mammalian two-hybrid studies showed that the interactions between cTnI mutants and cardiac troponin C (cTnC) or cardiac troponin T (cTnT) were impaired in Δ3 and Δ5 mutants when compared to wild-type cTnI. Troponin complexes containing 2-[4'-(iodoacetamido) anilino] naphthalene-6-sulfonic acid (IAANS) labeled cTnC showed that the troponin complex containing cTnI Δ5 had a small increase in Ca(2+) affinity (P < 0.05); while the cTnI Δ1- and Δ3 troponin complexes showed no difference in Ca(2+) affinity when compared to wild-type troponin. In vitro motility assays showed that all truncation mutants had increased Ca(2+) dependent motility relative to wild-type cTnI. These results suggest that the last 5 C-terminal residues of cTnI influence the binding of cTnI with cTnC and cTnT and affect the Ca(2+) dependence of filament sliding, and demonstrate the importance of this region of cTnI.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-07-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26919894, 10.1016/j.abb.2016.02.023, PMC4899223, 26919894, 26919894, S0003-9861(16)30042-X
Format: Citation

Title: An improved smaller biotin ligase for BioID proximity labeling.
Creator: Kim, Dae In, Jensen, Samuel C, Noble, Kyle A, Kc, Birendra, Roux, Kenneth H, Motamedchaboki, Khatereh, Roux, Kyle J
Abstract/Description: The BioID method uses a promiscuous biotin ligase to detect protein-protein associations as well as proximate proteins in living cells. Here we report improvements to the BioID method centered on BioID2, a substantially smaller promiscuous biotin ligase. BioID2 enables more-selective targeting of fusion proteins, requires less biotin supplementation, and exhibits enhanced labeling of proximate proteins. Thus BioID2 improves the efficiency of screening for protein-protein associations. We also...
Show moreThe BioID method uses a promiscuous biotin ligase to detect protein-protein associations as well as proximate proteins in living cells. Here we report improvements to the BioID method centered on BioID2, a substantially smaller promiscuous biotin ligase. BioID2 enables more-selective targeting of fusion proteins, requires less biotin supplementation, and exhibits enhanced labeling of proximate proteins. Thus BioID2 improves the efficiency of screening for protein-protein associations. We also demonstrate that the biotinylation range of BioID2 can be considerably modulated using flexible linkers, thus enabling application-specific adjustment of the biotin-labeling radius.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-04-15
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26912792, 10.1091/mbc.E15-12-0844, PMC4831873, 26912792, 26912792, mbc.E15-12-0844
Format: Citation

Title: Noncompetitive affinity assays of glucagon and amylin using mirror-image aptamers as affinity probes.
Creator: Yi, Lian, Wang, Xue, Bethge, Lucas, Klussmann, Sven, Roper, Michael G
Abstract/Description: The ability to detect picomolar concentrations of glucagon and amylin using fluorescently labeled mirror-image aptamers, so-called Spiegelmers, is demonstrated. Spiegelmers rival the specificity of antibodies and overcome the problem of biostability of natural aptamers in a biological matrix. Using Spiegelmers as affinity probes, noncompetitive capillary electrophoresis affinity assays of glucagon and murine amylin were developed and optimized. The detection limit for glucagon was 6 pM and...
Show moreThe ability to detect picomolar concentrations of glucagon and amylin using fluorescently labeled mirror-image aptamers, so-called Spiegelmers, is demonstrated. Spiegelmers rival the specificity of antibodies and overcome the problem of biostability of natural aptamers in a biological matrix. Using Spiegelmers as affinity probes, noncompetitive capillary electrophoresis affinity assays of glucagon and murine amylin were developed and optimized. The detection limit for glucagon was 6 pM and for amylin was 40 pM. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and -2 did not interfere with the glucagon assay, while the amylin assay showed cross-reactivity to calcitonin gene related peptide. The developed assays were combined with a competitive immunoassay for insulin to measure glucagon, amylin, and insulin secretion from batches of islets after incubation with different glucose concentrations. The development of these assays is an important step towards incorporation into an online measurement system for monitoring dynamic secretion from single islets.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-03-21
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26881276, 10.1039/c5an02468d, PMC4783278, 26881276, 26881276
Format: Citation

Title: John Henryism Active Coping as a Cultural Correlate of Substance Abuse Treatment Participation Among African American Women.
Creator: Stevens-Watkins, Danelle, Knighton, Joi-Sheree', Allen, Kristin, Fisher, Sycarah, Crowell, Candice, Mahaffey, Carlos, Leukefeld, Carl, Oser, Carrie
Abstract/Description: The rates of illicit drug use among African American women are increasing, yet African American women are least likely to participate in treatment for substance use disorders when compared to women of other racial groups. The current study examined family history of substance use, perceived family support, and John Henryism Active Coping (JHAC) as correlates to seeking treatment for substance abuse. The underlying theoretical frame of JHAC (James et al., 1983) suggests that despite limited...
Show moreThe rates of illicit drug use among African American women are increasing, yet African American women are least likely to participate in treatment for substance use disorders when compared to women of other racial groups. The current study examined family history of substance use, perceived family support, and John Henryism Active Coping (JHAC) as correlates to seeking treatment for substance abuse. The underlying theoretical frame of JHAC (James et al., 1983) suggests that despite limited resources and psychosocial stressors, African Americans believe that hard work and self-determination are necessary to cope with adversities. The current study is a secondary data analyses of 206 drug-using African American women (N=104 urban community women with no criminal justice involvement and N=102 women living in the community on supervised probation) from urban cities in a southern state. It was expected that African American women with a family history of substance abuse, higher levels of perceived family support, and more active coping skills would be more likely to have participated in substance abuse treatment. Step-wise logistic regression results reveal that women on probation, had children, and had a family history of substance abuse were significantly more likely to report participating in substance abuse treatment. Perceived family support and active coping were significant negative correlates of participating in treatment. Implication of results suggests coping with psychosocial stressors using a self-determined and persistent coping strategy may be problematic for drug-using women with limited resources.
Show less
Date Issued: 2016-04-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26899801, 10.1016/j.jsat.2016.01.004, PMC4793159, 26899801, 26899801, S0740-5472(16)00017-9
Format: Citation

Florida Learning Disability Research Center (98)	+ -
Department of Biomedical Sciences (67)	+ -
Department of Psychology (67)	+ -
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine (24)	+ -
Department of Biological Science (24)	+ -

Institute of Molecular Biophysics (15)	+ -
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry (12)	+ -
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (9)	+ -
Department of Statistics (9)	+ -
Florida Center for Reading Research (8)	+ -
Program in Neuroscience (7)	+ -
Department of Family and Child Sciences (6)	+ -
Department of Mathematics (6)	+ -
Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences (6)	+ -
Department of Physics (6)	+ -
Department of Clinical Sciences (5)	+ -
Department of Geriatrics (5)	+ -
College of Nursing (3)	+ -
Department of Sociology (3)	+ -
Askew School of Public Administration and Policy (2)	+ -
Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine (2)	+ -
Department of Economics (2)	+ -
Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems (2)	+ -
Department of Geography (2)	+ -
Center for Brain Repair (1)	+ -
Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies (1)	+ -
College of Criminology and Criminal Justice (1)	+ -
College of Medicine (1)	+ -
Department of Anthropology (1)	+ -
The Department of Business Analytics, Information Systems and Supply Chain (1)	+ -

Female (197)	+ -
Male (179)	+ -
Adult (87)	+ -
Child (86)	+ -
Adolescent (65)	+ -

Animals (63)	+ -
Young Adult (59)	+ -
Middle Aged (50)	+ -
Reading (43)	+ -
Aged (35)	+ -
Child, Preschool (35)	+ -
Mice (27)	+ -
Risk Factors (24)	+ -
Longitudinal Studies (23)	+ -
Surveys and Questionnaires (22)	+ -
Cross-Sectional Studies (18)	+ -
Models, Psychological (17)	+ -
Aged, 80 and over (16)	+ -
HEK293 Cells (15)	+ -
Phosphorylation (15)	+ -
Comprehension (14)	+ -
Depression/psychology (14)	+ -
Phenotype (14)	+ -
Vocabulary (14)	+ -
Neuropsychological Tests (13)	+ -
Phonetics (13)	+ -
Reproducibility of Results (13)	+ -
Cell Line (12)	+ -
Mutation (12)	+ -

text (357)	+ -
journal article (293)	+ -

Search In

Pages

Pages

Sort Results By:

Narrow results by:

Collection

Topical Subject

Genre

Type of Resource

Language

Creator

Found In

Owner