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Cystic Fibrosis Kidney Disease
Title
Cystic Fibrosis Kidney Disease: 10 Tips For Clinicians.
Creator
Nowakowski, Alexandra C. H.
Abstract/Description
Increased longevity in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) means that more people are surviving long enough to develop kidney complications. Nephrologists and their colleagues now face a steep learning curve as many of them encounter patients with CF related kidney disease (CFKD) for the first time. This article presents perspectives from a medical sociologist with CF on what renal health professionals should know about people with CFKD. It outlines challenges that people with CFKD as they age,...
Show moreIncreased longevity in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) means that more people are surviving long enough to develop kidney complications. Nephrologists and their colleagues now face a steep learning curve as many of them encounter patients with CF related kidney disease (CFKD) for the first time. This article presents perspectives from a medical sociologist with CF on what renal health professionals should know about people with CFKD. It outlines challenges that people with CFKD as they age, framing these struggles as opportunities for clinicians to help these unique patients achieve and maintain their best possible quality of life.
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Date Issued
2018-08-28
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_wos_000442990600001, 10.3389/fmed.2018.00242
Format
Citation
Surface-based morphometry reveals the neuroanatomical basis of the five-factor model of personality.
Title
Surface-based morphometry reveals the neuroanatomical basis of the five-factor model of personality.
Creator
Riccelli, Roberta, Toschi, Nicola, Nigro, Salvatore, Terracciano, Antonio, Passamonti, Luca
Abstract/Description
The five-factor model (FFM) is a widely used taxonomy of human personality; yet its neuro anatomical basis remains unclear. This is partly because past associations between gray-matter volume and FFM were driven by different surface-based morphometry (SBM) indices (i.e. cortical thickness, surface area, cortical folding or any combination of them). To overcome this limitation, we used Free-Surfer to study how variability in SBM measures was related to the FFM in n = 507 participants from the...
Show moreThe five-factor model (FFM) is a widely used taxonomy of human personality; yet its neuro anatomical basis remains unclear. This is partly because past associations between gray-matter volume and FFM were driven by different surface-based morphometry (SBM) indices (i.e. cortical thickness, surface area, cortical folding or any combination of them). To overcome this limitation, we used Free-Surfer to study how variability in SBM measures was related to the FFM in n = 507 participants from the Human Connectome Project.Neuroticism was associated with thicker cortex and smaller area and folding in prefrontal-temporal regions. Extraversion was linked to thicker pre-cuneus and smaller superior temporal cortex area. Openness was linked to thinner cortex and greater area and folding in prefrontal-parietal regions. Agreeableness was correlated to thinner prefrontal cortex and smaller fusiform gyrus area. Conscientiousness was associated with thicker cortex and smaller area and folding in prefrontal regions. These findings demonstrate that anatomical variability in prefrontal cortices is linked to individual differences in the socio-cognitive dispositions described by the FFM. Cortical thickness and surface area/folding were inversely related each others as a function of different FFM traits (neuroticism, extraversion and consciousness vs openness), which may reflect brain maturational effects that predispose or protect against psychiatric disorders.
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Date Issued
2017-04-01
Identifier
FSU_pmch_28122961, 10.1093/scan/nsw175, PMC5390726, 28122961, 28122961, nsw175
Format
Citation
Personality and Lung Function in Older Adults.
Title
Personality and Lung Function in Older Adults.
Creator
Terracciano, Antonio, Stephan, Yannick, Luchetti, Martina, Gonzalez-Rothi, Ricardo, Sutin, Angelina R
Abstract/Description
Lung disease is a leading cause of disability and death among older adults. We examine whether personality traits are associated with lung function and shortness of breath (dyspnea) in a national cohort with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Participants (N = 12,670) from the Health and Retirement Study were tested for peak expiratory flow (PEF) and completed measures of personality, health behaviors, and a medical history. High neuroticism and low extraversion,...
Show moreLung disease is a leading cause of disability and death among older adults. We examine whether personality traits are associated with lung function and shortness of breath (dyspnea) in a national cohort with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Participants (N = 12,670) from the Health and Retirement Study were tested for peak expiratory flow (PEF) and completed measures of personality, health behaviors, and a medical history. High neuroticism and low extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were associated with lower PEF, and higher likelihood of COPD and dyspnea. Conscientiousness had the strongest and most consistent associations, including lower risk of PEF less than 80% of the predicted value (OR = 0.67; 0.62-0.73) and dyspnea (OR = 0.52; 0.47-0.57). Although attenuated, the associations remained significant when accounting for smoking, physical activity, and chronic diseases including cardiovascular and psychiatric disorders. The associations between personality and PEF or dyspnea were similar among those with or without COPD, suggesting that psychological links to lung function are not disease dependent. In longitudinal analyses, high neuroticism (β = -0.019) and low conscientiousness (β = 0.027) predicted steeper declines in PEF. A vulnerable personality profile is common among individuals with limited lung function and COPD, predicts shortness of breath and worsening lung function.
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Date Issued
2017-10-01
Identifier
FSU_pmch_26786321, 10.1093/geronb/gbv161, PMC5926981, 26786321, 26786321, gbv161
Format
Citation
Personality and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults
Title
Personality and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: Data From a Longitudinal Sample and Meta-Analysis..
Creator
Luchetti, Martina, Terracciano, Antonio, Stephan, Yannick, Sutin, Angelina R
Abstract/Description
Personality traits are associated with risk of dementia; less is known about their association with the trajectory of cognitive functioning. This research examines the association between the 5 major dimensions of personality and cognitive function and decline in older adulthood and includes a meta-analysis of published studies. Personality traits, objective and subjective memory, and cognitive status were collected in a large national sample (N = 13,987) with a 4-year follow-up period. For...
Show morePersonality traits are associated with risk of dementia; less is known about their association with the trajectory of cognitive functioning. This research examines the association between the 5 major dimensions of personality and cognitive function and decline in older adulthood and includes a meta-analysis of published studies. Personality traits, objective and subjective memory, and cognitive status were collected in a large national sample (N = 13,987) with a 4-year follow-up period. For each trait, the meta-analysis pooled results from up to 5 prospective studies to examine personality and change in global cognition. Higher Neuroticism was associated with worse performance on all cognitive measures and greater decline in memory, whereas higher Conscientiousness and Openness were associated with better memory performance concurrently and less decline over time. All traits were associated with subjective memory. Higher Conscientiousness and lower Extraversion were associated with better cognitive status and less decline. Although modest, these associations were generally larger than that of hypertension, diabetes, history of psychological treatment, obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity. The meta-analysis supported the association between Neuroticism and Conscientiousness and cognitive decline. Personality is associated with cognitive decline in older adults, with effects comparable to established clinical and lifestyle risk factors.
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Date Issued
2016-07-01
Identifier
FSU_pmch_25583598, 10.1093/geronb/gbu184, PMC4903032, 25583598, 25583598, gbu184
Format
Citation
Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment.
Title
Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment.
Creator
Okbay, Aysu, Beauchamp, Jonathan P, Fontana, Mark Alan, Lee, James J, Pers, Tune H, Rietveld, Cornelius A, Turley, Patrick, Chen, Guo-Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Meddens, S Fleur W,...
Show moreOkbay, Aysu, Beauchamp, Jonathan P, Fontana, Mark Alan, Lee, James J, Pers, Tune H, Rietveld, Cornelius A, Turley, Patrick, Chen, Guo-Bo, Emilsson, Valur, Meddens, S Fleur W, Oskarsson, Sven, Pickrell, Joseph K, Thom, Kevin, Timshel, Pascal, de Vlaming, Ronald, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S, Bacelis, Jonas, Baumbach, Clemens, Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Brandsma, Johannes H, Pina Concas, Maria, Derringer, Jaime, Furlotte, Nicholas A, Galesloot, Tessel E, Girotto, Giorgia, Gupta, Richa, Hall, Leanne M, Harris, Sarah E, Hofer, Edith, Horikoshi, Momoko, Huffman, Jennifer E, Kaasik, Kadri, Kalafati, Ioanna P, Karlsson, Robert, Kong, Augustine, Lahti, Jari, van der Lee, Sven J, deLeeuw, Christiaan, Lind, Penelope A, Lindgren, Karl-Oskar, Liu, Tian, Mangino, Massimo, Marten, Jonathan, Mihailov, Evelin, Miller, Michael B, van der Most, Peter J, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Payton, Antony, Pervjakova, Natalia, Peyrot, Wouter J, Qian, Yong, Raitakari, Olli, Rueedi, Rico, Salvi, Erika, Schmidt, Börge, Schraut, Katharina E, Shi, Jianxin, Smith, Albert V, Poot, Raymond A, St Pourcain, Beate, Teumer, Alexander, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Verweij, Niek, Vuckovic, Dragana, Wellmann, Juergen, Westra, Harm-Jan, Yang, Jingyun, Zhao, Wei, Zhu, Zhihong, Alizadeh, Behrooz Z, Amin, Najaf, Bakshi, Andrew, Baumeister, Sebastian E, Biino, Ginevra, Bønnelykke, Klaus, Boyle, Patricia A, Campbell, Harry, Cappuccio, Francesco P, Davies, Gail, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deloukas, Panos, Demuth, Ilja, Ding, Jun, Eibich, Peter, Eisele, Lewin, Eklund, Niina, Evans, David M, Faul, Jessica D, Feitosa, Mary F, Forstner, Andreas J, Gandin, Ilaria, Gunnarsson, Bjarni, Halldórsson, Bjarni V, Harris, Tamara B, Heath, Andrew C, Hocking, Lynne J, Holliday, Elizabeth G, Homuth, Georg, Horan, Michael A, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, de Jager, Philip L, Joshi, Peter K, Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika A, Kähönen, Mika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Keltigangas-Järvinen, Liisa, Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M, Kolcic, Ivana, Koskinen, Seppo, Kraja, Aldi T, Kroh, Martin, Kutalik, Zoltan, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore J, Lebreton, Maël P, Levinson, Douglas F, Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David C M, Loukola, Anu, Madden, Pamela A, Mägi, Reedik, Mäki-Opas, Tomi, Marioni, Riccardo E, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Meddens, Gerardus A, McMahon, George, Meisinger, Christa, Meitinger, Thomas, Milaneschi, Yusplitri, Milani, Lili, Montgomery, Grant W, Myhre, Ronny, Nelson, Christopher P, Nyholt, Dale R, Ollier, William E R, Palotie, Aarno, Paternoster, Lavinia, Pedersen, Nancy L, Petrovic, Katja E, Porteous, David J, Räikkönen, Katri, Ring, Susan M, Robino, Antonietta, Rostapshova, Olga, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sanders, Alan R, Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schmidt, Helena, Scott, Rodney J, Smith, Blair H, Smith, Jennifer A, Staessen, Jan A, Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth, Strauch, Konstantin, Terracciano, Antonio, Tobin, Martin D, Ulivi, Sheila, Vaccargiu, Simona, Quaye, Lydia, van Rooij, Frank J A, Venturini, Cristina, Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E, Völker, Uwe, Völzke, Henry, Vonk, Judith M, Vozzi, Diego, Waage, Johannes, Ware, Erin B, Willemsen, Gonneke, Attia, John R, Bennett, David A, Berger, Klaus, Bertram, Lars, Bisgaard, Hans, Boomsma, Dorret I, Borecki, Ingrid B, Bültmann, Ute, Chabris, Christopher F, Cucca, Francesco, Cusi, Daniele, Deary, Ian J, Dedoussis, George V, van Duijn, Cornelia M, Eriksson, Johan G, Franke, Barbara, Franke, Lude, Gasparini, Paolo, Gejman, Pablo V, Gieger, Christian, Grabe, Hans-Jörgen, Gratten, Jacob, Groenen, Patrick J F, Gudnason, Vilmundur, van der Harst, Pim, Hayward, Caroline, Hinds, David A, Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hyppönen, Elina, Iacono, William G, Jacobsson, Bo, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L R, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lehrer, Steven F, Magnusson, Patrik K E, Martin, Nicholas G, McGue, Matt, Metspalu, Andres, Pendleton, Neil, Penninx, Brenda W J H, Perola, Markus, Pirastu, Nicola, Pirastu, Mario, Polasek, Ozren, Posthuma, Danielle, Power, Christine, Province, Michael A, Samani, Nilesh J, Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Reinhold, Sørensen, Thorkild I A, Spector, Tim D, Stefansson, Kari, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Thurik, A Roy, Timpson, Nicholas J, Tiemeier, Henning, Tung, Joyce Y, Uitterlinden, André G, Vitart, Veronique, Vollenweider, Peter, Weir, David R, Wilson, James F, Wright, Alan F, Conley, Dalton C, Krueger, Robert F, Davey Smith, George, Hofman, Albert, Laibson, David I, Medland, Sarah E, Meyer, Michelle N, Yang, Jian, Johannesson, Magnus, Visscher, Peter M, Esko, Tõnu, Koellinger, Philipp D, Cesarini, David, Benjamin, Daniel J
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Abstract/Description
Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide...
Show moreEducational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Date Issued
2016-05-26
Identifier
FSU_pmch_27225129, 10.1038/nature17671, PMC4883595, 27225129, 27225129, nature17671
Format
Citation
Gender specific profiles of white coat and masked hypertension impacts on arterial structure and function in the SardiNIA study.
Title
Gender specific profiles of white coat and masked hypertension impacts on arterial structure and function in the SardiNIA study.
Creator
Scuteri, Angelo, Morrell, Christopher H, Orru', Marco, AlGhatrif, Majid, Saba, Pier Sergio, Terracciano, Antonio, Ferreli, Liana Anna Pina, Loi, Francesco, Marongiu, Michele,...
Show moreScuteri, Angelo, Morrell, Christopher H, Orru', Marco, AlGhatrif, Majid, Saba, Pier Sergio, Terracciano, Antonio, Ferreli, Liana Anna Pina, Loi, Francesco, Marongiu, Michele, Pilia, Maria Grazia, Delitala, Alessandro, Tarasov, Kirill V, Schlessinger, David, Ganau, Antonello, Cucca, Francesco, Lakatta, Edward G
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Date Issued
2016-08-15
Identifier
FSU_pmch_27179214, 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.172, PMC5206901, 27179214, 27179214, S0167-5273(16)30875-0
Format
Citation
Surface-based Morphometry Reveals The Neuroanatomical Basis Of The Five-factor Model Of Personality
Title
Surface-based Morphometry Reveals The Neuroanatomical Basis Of The Five-factor Model Of Personality.
Creator
Riccelli, Roberta, Toschi, Nicola, Nigro, Salvatore, Terracciano, Antonio, Passamonti, Luca
Abstract/Description
The five-factor model (FFM) is a widely used taxonomy of human personality; yet its neuro anatomical basis remains unclear. This is partly because past associations between gray-matter volume and FFM were driven by different surface-based morphometry (SBM) indices (i.e. cortical thickness, surface area, cortical folding or any combination of them). To overcome this limitation, we used Free-Surfer to study how variability in SBM measures was related to the FFM in n = 507 participants from the...
Show moreThe five-factor model (FFM) is a widely used taxonomy of human personality; yet its neuro anatomical basis remains unclear. This is partly because past associations between gray-matter volume and FFM were driven by different surface-based morphometry (SBM) indices (i.e. cortical thickness, surface area, cortical folding or any combination of them). To overcome this limitation, we used Free-Surfer to study how variability in SBM measures was related to the FFM in n = 507 participants from the Human Connectome Project. Neuroticismwas associated with thicker cortex and smaller area and folding in prefrontal-temporal regions. Extraversion was linked to thicker pre-cuneus and smaller superior temporal cortex area. Openness was linked to thinner cortex and greater area and folding in prefrontal-parietal regions. Agreeableness was correlated to thinner prefrontal cortex and smaller fusiform gyrus area. Conscientiousness was associated with thicker cortex and smaller area and folding in prefrontal regions. These findings demonstrate that anatomical variability in prefrontal cortices is linked to individual differences in the socio-cognitive dispositions described by the FFM. Cortical thickness and surface area/folding were inversely related each others as a function of different FFM traits (neuroticism, extraversion and consciousness vs openness), which may reflect brain maturational effects that predispose or protect against psychiatric disorders.
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Date Issued
2017-04
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_wos_000404548900015, 10.1093/scan/nsw175
Format
Citation
What Exactly Is An "snf-ist?"
Title
What Exactly Is An "snf-ist?".
Creator
Gillespie, Suzanne M., Levy, Cari R., Katz, Paul R.
Date Issued
2018-01
Identifier
FSU_libsubv1_wos_000419113300040, 10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.7212
Format
Citation
Feeling Older and the Development of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.
Title
Feeling Older and the Development of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia.
Creator
Stephan, Yannick, Sutin, Angelina R, Luchetti, Martina, Terracciano, Antonio
Abstract/Description
Subjective age is a biopsychosocial marker of aging associated with a range of outcomes in old age. In the domain of cognition, feeling older than one's chronological age is related to lower cognitive performance and steeper cognitive decline among older adults. The present study examines whether an older subjective age is associated with the risk of incident cognitive impairment and dementia. Participants were 5,748 individuals aged 65 years and older drawn from the Health and Retirement...
Show moreSubjective age is a biopsychosocial marker of aging associated with a range of outcomes in old age. In the domain of cognition, feeling older than one's chronological age is related to lower cognitive performance and steeper cognitive decline among older adults. The present study examines whether an older subjective age is associated with the risk of incident cognitive impairment and dementia. Participants were 5,748 individuals aged 65 years and older drawn from the Health and Retirement Study. Measures of subjective age, cognition, and covariates were obtained at baseline, and follow-up cognition was assessed over a 2- to 4-year period. Only participants without cognitive impairment were included at baseline. At follow-up, participants were classified into one of the three categories: normal functioning, cognitive impairment without dementia (CIND), and dementia. An older subjective age at baseline was associated with higher likelihood of CIND (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18; 1.09-1.28) and dementia (OR = 1.29; 1.02-1.63) at follow-up, controlling for chronological age, other demographic factors, and baseline cognition. Physical inactivity and depressive symptoms partly accounted for these associations. An older subjective age is a marker of individuals' risk of subsequent cognitive impairment and dementia.
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Date Issued
2017-10-01
Identifier
FSU_pmch_27436103, 10.1093/geronb/gbw085, PMC5927095, 27436103, 27436103, gbw085
Format
Citation
Aerobic Exercise and Whole-Body Vibration in Offsetting Bone Loss in Older Adults
Title
Aerobic Exercise and Whole-Body Vibration in Offsetting Bone Loss in Older Adults.
Creator
Liu, Pei-Yang, Brummel-Smith, Kenneth, Ilich, Jasminka
Abstract/Description
Osteoporosis and its associated fractures are common complications of aging and most strategies to prevent and/or treat bone loss focused on antiresorptive medications. However, aerobic exercise (AEX) and/or whole-body vibration (WBV) might have beneficial effect on bone mass and provide an alternative approach to increase or maintain bone mineral density (BMD) and reduce the risk of fractures. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the potential benefits of AEX and WBV on BMD in older...
Show moreOsteoporosis and its associated fractures are common complications of aging and most strategies to prevent and/or treat bone loss focused on antiresorptive medications. However, aerobic exercise (AEX) and/or whole-body vibration (WBV) might have beneficial effect on bone mass and provide an alternative approach to increase or maintain bone mineral density (BMD) and reduce the risk of fractures. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the potential benefits of AEX and WBV on BMD in older population and discuss the possible mechanisms of action. Several online databases were utilized and based on the available literature the consensus is that both AEX and WBV may increase spine and femoral BMD in older adults. Therefore, AEX and WBV could serve as nonpharmacological and complementary approaches to increasing/maintaining BMD. However, it is uncertain if noted effects could be permanent and further studies are needed to investigate sustainability of either type of the exercise.
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Date Issued
2011
Identifier
FSU_migr_geriatrics_faculty_publications-0042, 10.4061/2011/379674
Format
Citation
GWAS of 126,559 Individuals Identifies Genetic Variants Associated with Educational Attainment
Title
GWAS of 126,559 Individuals Identifies Genetic Variants Associated with Educational Attainment.
Creator
Rietveld, Cornelius, Medland, Sarah, Derringer, Jaime, Yang, Jian, Esko, Tönu, Martin, Nicolas, Westra, Harm-Jan, Shakhbazov, Konstantin, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Agrawal, Arpana,...
Show moreRietveld, Cornelius, Medland, Sarah, Derringer, Jaime, Yang, Jian, Esko, Tönu, Martin, Nicolas, Westra, Harm-Jan, Shakhbazov, Konstantin, Abdellaoui, Abdel, Agrawal, Arpana, Albrecht, Eva, Alizadeh, Behrooz, Amin, Najaf, Barnard, John, Baumeister, Sebastian, Benke, Kelly, Bielak, Lawrence, Boatman, Jeffrey A., Boyle, Patricia, Davies, Gail, de Leeuw, Christiaan, Eklund, Niina, Evans, Daniel, Ferhmann, Rudolf, Fischer, Krista, Gieger, Christian, Gjessing, Håkon K, Hägg, Sara, Harris, Jennifer, Hayward, Caroline, Holzapfel, Christina, Ibrahim-Verbaas, Carla, Ingelsson, Erik, Jacobsson, Bo, Joshi, Peter, Jugessur, Astanand, Kaakinen, Marika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Karjalainen, Juha, Kolcic, Ivana, Kristiansson, Kati, Kutalik, Zoltán, Lahti, Jari, Lee, Sang, Lin, Peng, Lind, Penelope, Liu, Yongmei, Lohman, Kurt, Loitfelder, Marisa, McMahon, George, Vidal, Pedro, Meirelles, Osorio, Milani, Lili, Myhre, Ronny, Nuotio, Marja-Liisa, Oldmeadow, Christopher, Petrovic, Katja, Peyrot, Wouter, Polasek, Ozren, Quaye, Lydia, Reinmaa, Eva, Rice, John, Rizzi, Thais, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Smith, Albert, Smith, Jennifer, Tanaka, Toshiko, Terracciano, Antonio, van der Loos, Matthijs, Vitart, Veronique, Völzke, Henry, Wellmann, Jürgen, Yu, Lei, Zhao, Wei, Allik, Jüri, Attia, John, Bandinelli, Stefania, Bastardot, François, Beauchamp, Jonathan, Bennett, David, Berger, Klaus, Bierut, Laura, Boomsma, Dorret, Bültmann, Ute, Campbell, Harry, Chabris, Christopher, Cherkas, Lynn, Chung, Mina, Cucca, Francesco, de Andrade, Mariza, De Jager, Philip, De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George, Deloukas, Panos, Dimitriou, Maria, Eiríksdóttir, Guðny, Elderson, Martin, Eriksson, Johan, Evans, David, Faul, Jessica, Ferrucci, Luigi, Garcia, Melissa, Grönberg, Henrik, Guðnason, Vilmundur, Hall, Per, Harris, Juliette, Harris, Tamara, Hastie, Nicholas, Heath, Andrew, Hernandez, Dena, Hoffmann, Wolfgang, Hofman, Adriaan, Holle, Rolf, Holliday, Elizabeth, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Iacono, William, Illig, Thomas, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Kähönen, Mika, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kirkpatrick, Robert, Kowgier, Matthew, Latvala, Antti, Launer, Lenore, Lawlor, Debbie, Lehtimäki, Terho, Li, Jingmei, Lichtenstein, Paul, Lichtner, Peter, Liewald, David, Madden, Pamela, Magnusson, Patrik, Mäkinen, Tomi, Masala, Marco, McGue, Matthew, Metspalu, Andres, Mielck, Andreas, Miller, Michael, Montgomery, Grant, Mukherjee, Sutapa, Nyholt, Dale, Oostra, Ben A., Palmer, Lyle, Palotie, Aarno, Penninx, Brenda, Perola, Markus, Peyser, Patricia, Preisig, Martin, Räikkönen, Katri, Raitakari, Olli, Realo, Anu, Ring, Susan, Ripatti, Samuli, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Rudan, Igor, Rustichini, Aldo, Salomaa, Veikko, Sarin, Antti-Pekka, Schlessinger, David, Scott, Rodney, Snieder, Harold, St Pourcain, Beate, Starr, John M., Sul, Jae, Surakka, Ida, Svento, Rauli, Teumer, Alexander, Tiemeier, Henning, van Rooij, Frank, Van Wagoner, David, Vartiainen, Erkki, Viikari, Jorma, Vollenweider, Peter, Vonk, Judith, Waeber, Gérard, Weir, David, Wichmann, H.-Erich (Heinz-Erich), Widen, Elisabeth, Willemsen, Gonneke, Wilson, James F. (James Flett), Wright, Alan, Conley, Dalton, Smith, George Davey, Franke, Lude, Groenen, Patrick, Hofman, Albert, Johannesson, Magnus, Kardia, Sharon, Krueger, Robert F., Laibson, David, Martin, Nicholas G., Meyer, Michelle, Posthuma, Danielle, Thurik, A. R. (A. Roy), Timpson, Nicholas, Uitterlinden, André G., van Duijn, Cornelia, Visscher, Peter, Benjamin, Daniel, Cesarini, David, Koellinger, Philipp
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Abstract/Description
A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of educational attainment was conducted in a discovery sample of 101,069 individuals and a replication sample of 25,490. Three independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are genome-wide significant (rs9320913, rs11584700, rs4851266), and all three replicate. Estimated effects sizes are small (coefficient of determination R(2) ≈ 0.02%), approximately 1 month of schooling per allele. A linear polygenic score from all measured SNPs accounts for ≈2%...
Show moreA genome-wide association study (GWAS) of educational attainment was conducted in a discovery sample of 101,069 individuals and a replication sample of 25,490. Three independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are genome-wide significant (rs9320913, rs11584700, rs4851266), and all three replicate. Estimated effects sizes are small (coefficient of determination R(2) ≈ 0.02%), approximately 1 month of schooling per allele. A linear polygenic score from all measured SNPs accounts for ≈2% of the variance in both educational attainment and cognitive function. Genes in the region of the loci have previously been associated with health, cognitive, and central nervous system phenotypes, and bioinformatics analyses suggest the involvement of the anterior caudate nucleus. These findings provide promising candidate SNPs for follow-up work, and our effect size estimates can anchor power analyses in social-science genetics.
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Date Issued
2013
Identifier
FSU_migr_geriatrics_faculty_publications-0007, 10.1126/science.1235488
Format
Citation
Increased Genetic Vulnerability to Smoking at CHRNA5 in Early-Onset Smokers
Title
Increased Genetic Vulnerability to Smoking at CHRNA5 in Early-Onset Smokers.
Creator
Hartz, Sarah, Short, Susan, Saccone, Nancy, Culverhouse, Robert, Chen, LiShiun, Schwantes-An, Tae-Hwi, Coon, Hilary, Han, Younghun, Stephens, Sarah, Sun, Juzhong, Chen,...
Show moreHartz, Sarah, Short, Susan, Saccone, Nancy, Culverhouse, Robert, Chen, LiShiun, Schwantes-An, Tae-Hwi, Coon, Hilary, Han, Younghun, Stephens, Sarah, Sun, Juzhong, Chen, Xiangning, Ducci, Francesca, Dueker, Nicole, Franceschini, Nora, Frank, Josef, Geller, Frank, Gubjartsson, Daniel, Hansel, Nadia, Jiang, Chenhui, Keskitalo-Vuokko, Kaisu, Liu, Zhen, Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka, Michel, Martha, Rawal, Rajesh, Rosenberger, Albert, Scheet, Paul A. (Paul Anthony), Shaffer, John, Teumer, Alexander, Thompson, John, Vink, Jacqueline, Vogelzangs, Nicole, Wenzlaff, Angela, Wheeler, William, Xiao, Xiangjun, Yang, Bao-Zhu, Aggen, Steven, Balmforth, Anthony, Baumeister, Sebastian, Beaty, Terri H., Bennett, Siiri, Bergen, Andrew, Boyd, Heather, Broms, Ulla, Campbell, Harry, Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Chen, Jingchun, Cheng, Yu-Ching, Cichon, Sven, Couper, David, Cucca, Francesco, Dick, Danielle M. (Danielle Marie), Foroud, Tatiana, Furberg, Helena, Giegling, Ina, Gu, Fangyi, Hall, A. S. (Alistair Scott), Hällfors, Jenni, Han, Shizhong, Hartmann, Annette, Hayward, Caroline, Heikkilä, Kauko, Hewitt, John K., Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Jensen, Majken, Jousilahti, Pekka, Kaakinen, Marika, Kittner, Steven, Konte, Bettina, Korhonen, Tellervo, Landi, Maria-Teresa, Laatikainen, Tiina, Leppert, Mark, Levy, Steven, Mathias, Rasika, McNeil, Daniel, Medland, Sarah, Montgomery, Grant, Muley, Thomas, Murray, Tanda, Nauck, Matthias, North, Kari, Pergadia, Michele, Polasek, Ozren, Ramos, Erin Michele, Ripatti, Samuli, Risch, Angela, Ruczinski, Ingo, Rudan, Igor, Salomaa, Veikko, Schlessinger, David, Styrkársdóttir, Unnur, Terracciano, Antonio, Uda, Manuela, Willemsen, Gonneke, Wu, Xifeng, Abecasis, Gonçalo, Barnes, Kathleen, Bickeböller, Heike, Boerwinkle, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret, Caporaso, Neil, Duan, Jubao, Edenberg, Howard, Francks, Clyde, Gejman, Pablo, Gelernter, Joel, Grabe, Hans, Hops, Hyman, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Viikari, Jorma, Kähönen, Mika, Kendler, Kenneth S., Lehtimäki, Terho, Levinson, Douglas, Marazita, Mary, Marchini, Jonathan, Melbye, Mads, Mitchell, Braxton, Murray, Jeffrey, Nöthen, Markus, Penninx, Brenda, Raitakari, Olli, Rietschel, Marcella, Rujescu, Dan, Samani, Nilesh J., Sanders, Alan, Schwartz, Ann, Shete, Sanjay, Shi, Jianxin, Spitz, Margaret R., Stefansson, Kari, Swan, Gary, Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir, Völzke, Henry, Wei, Qingyi, Wichmann, H.-Erich (Heinz-Erich), Amos, Christopher I., Breslau, Naomi, Cannon, Dale S., Ehringer, Marissa, Grucza, Richard, Hatsukami, Dorothy, Heath, Andrew, Johnson, Eric, Kaprio, Jaakko, Madden, Pamela, Martin, Nicholas G., Stevens, Victoria, Stitzel, Jerry, Weiss, Robert, Kraft, Peter, Bierut, Laura
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Abstract/Description
CONTEXT: Recent studies have shown an association between cigarettes per day (CPD) and a nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism in CHRNA5, rs16969968. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the association between rs16969968 and smoking is modified by age at onset of regular smoking. DATA SOURCES: Primary data. STUDY SELECTION: Available genetic studies containing measures of CPD and the genotype of rs16969968 or its proxy. DATA EXTRACTION: Uniform statistical analysis scripts were run locally...
Show moreCONTEXT: Recent studies have shown an association between cigarettes per day (CPD) and a nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism in CHRNA5, rs16969968. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the association between rs16969968 and smoking is modified by age at onset of regular smoking. DATA SOURCES: Primary data. STUDY SELECTION: Available genetic studies containing measures of CPD and the genotype of rs16969968 or its proxy. DATA EXTRACTION: Uniform statistical analysis scripts were run locally. Starting with 94,050 ever-smokers from 43 studies, we extracted the heavy smokers (CPD >20) and light smokers (CPD ≤10) with age-at-onset information, reducing the sample size to 33,348. Each study was stratified into early-onset smokers (age at onset ≤16 years) and late-onset smokers (age at onset >16 years), and a logistic regression of heavy vs light smoking with the rs16969968 genotype was computed for each stratum. Meta-analysis was performed within each age-at-onset stratum. DATA SYNTHESIS: Individuals with 1 risk allele at rs16969968 who were early-onset smokers were significantly more likely to be heavy smokers in adulthood (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45; 95% CI, 1.36-1.55; n = 13,843) than were carriers of the risk allele who were late-onset smokers (OR = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.21-1.33, n = 19,505) (P = .01). CONCLUSION: These results highlight an increased genetic vulnerability to smoking in early-onset smokers.
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Date Issued
2012
Identifier
FSU_migr_geriatrics_faculty_publications-0040, 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2012.124
Format
Citation
Health Literacy as a Tool to Improve the Public Understanding of Alzheimer's Disease
Title
Health Literacy as a Tool to Improve the Public Understanding of Alzheimer's Disease.
Creator
Kobylarz, Fred, Pomidor, Alice, Pleasant, Andrew F.
Abstract/Description
The ultimate goal of health literacy is to improve care by enhancing the patient's quality of life, maximizing clinical outcomes, and reducing inequities in health. Successful restructuring of the healthcare system to make it more effective, efficient, and equitable demands that health literacy be integrated as a key source of theoretical and empirical data regarding patients' needs and wishes. This applies across the life course, but it is especially true for the increasing numbers of older...
Show moreThe ultimate goal of health literacy is to improve care by enhancing the patient's quality of life, maximizing clinical outcomes, and reducing inequities in health. Successful restructuring of the healthcare system to make it more effective, efficient, and equitable demands that health literacy be integrated as a key source of theoretical and empirical data regarding patients' needs and wishes. This applies across the life course, but it is especially true for the increasing numbers of older adults who must deal with the medical care system the most, yet often comprehend medical information the least. Nearly nine out of ten people in the United States do not have the level of proficiency in health literacy skills necessary to successfully navigate the healthcare system. According to the National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL), populations overrepresented at the lowest levels of health literacy (below basic level) in the United States include people over age 65, those who did not graduate from high school, persons who did not speak English before starting school, people who have poor health status, those who are of racial and ethnic minority groups, and individuals without medical insurance. An increasing number of efforts are ongoing across the United States and internationally to address health literacy. Significant national initiatives include Healthy People 2010, the Joint Commission's report "Improving Health Literacy to Protect Patient Safety," and the U.S. Department of Heath and Human Services Office of the Surgeon General's "Workshop on Improving Health Literacy." Other organizations attempting to address health literacy include the American Medical Association and the Partnership for Clear Health Communication. Many organizations are launching successful health literacy–based interventions such as the Canyon Ranch Institute's Life Enhancement Program, an integrated approach to prevention and wellness. Additionally, there are a growing number of curricula addressing health literacy being developed by a wide range of organizations and individuals. Equally significant efforts are ongoing in a number of countries around the world, particularly Canada, Australia, and Switzerland. The purposes of this article are to familiarize readers with the concept of health literacy; demonstrate how health literacy can serve as a tool to improve the public's understanding of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the seventh leading cause of death; and suggest generally applicable strategies for clinicians.
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Date Issued
2010
Identifier
FSU_migr_geriatrics_faculty_publications-0041
Format
Citation
Meta-Analysis and Imputation Refines the Association of 15q25 with Smoking Quantity
Title
Meta-Analysis and Imputation Refines the Association of 15q25 with Smoking Quantity.
Creator
Liu, Jason, Tozzi, Federica, Waterworth, Dawn, Pillai, Sreekumar, Muglia, Pierandrea, Middleton, Lefkos, Berrettini, Wade, Knouff, Christopher, Yuan, Xin, Waeber, Gérard,...
Show moreLiu, Jason, Tozzi, Federica, Waterworth, Dawn, Pillai, Sreekumar, Muglia, Pierandrea, Middleton, Lefkos, Berrettini, Wade, Knouff, Christopher, Yuan, Xin, Waeber, Gérard, Vollenweider, Peter, Preisig, Martin, Wareham, Nicholas, Zhao, Jing, Loos, Ruth, Barroso, Inês, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Grundy, Scott M., Barter, Philip, Mahley, Robert, Kesaniemi, Antero, McPherson, Ruth, Vincent, John, Strauss, John, Kennedy, James, Farmer, Anne, McGuffin, Peter, Day, Richard, Matthews, Keith, Bakke, Per, Gulsvik, A. (Amund), Lucae, Susanne, Ising, Marcus, Brueckl, Tanja, Horstmann, Sonja, Wichmann, H.-Erich (Heinz-Erich), Rawal, Rajesh, Dahmen, Norbert, Lamina, Claudia, Polasek, Ozren, Zgaga, Lina, Huffman, Jennifer, Campbell, Susan, Kooner, Jaspal, Chambers, John, Burnett, Mary, Devaney, Joseph, Pichard, Augusto, Kent, Kenneth, Satler, Lowell, Lindsay, Joseph, Waksman, Ron, Epstein, Stephen, Wilson, James F. (James Flett), Wild, Sarah, Campbell, Harry, Vitart, Veronique, Reilly, Muredach, Li, Mingyao, Qu, Liming, Wilensky, Robert, Matthai, William, Hakonarson, Hakon, Rader, Daniel, Franke, Andre, Wittig, Michael, Schäfer, Arne, Uda, Manuela, Terracciano, Antonio, Xiao, Xiangjun, Busonero, Fabio, Scheet, Paul A. (Paul Anthony), Schlessinger, David, St Clair, David, Rujescu, Dan, Abecasis, Gonçalo, Grabe, Hans, Teumer, Alexander, Völzke, Henry, Petersmann, Astrid, John, Ulrich, Rudan, Igor, Hayward, Caroline, Wright, Alan, Kolcic, Ivana, Wright, Benjamin, Thompson, John, Balmforth, Anthony, Hall, A. S. (Alistair Scott), Samani, Nilesh J., Anderson, Carl, Ahmad, Tariq, Mathew, Christopher, Parkes, Miles, Satsangi, Jack, Caulfield, Mark, Munroe, Patricia, Farrall, Martin, Dominiczak, A. F., Worthington, Jane, Thomson, Wendy, Eyre, Steve, Barton, Anne, Mooser, Vincent, Francks, Clyde, Marchini, Jonathan
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Abstract/Description
Smoking is a leading global cause of disease and mortality. We established the Oxford-GlaxoSmithKline study (Ox-GSK) to perform a genome-wide meta-analysis of SNP association with smoking-related behavioral traits. Our final data set included 41,150 individuals drawn from 20 disease, population and control cohorts. Our analysis confirmed an effect on smoking quantity at a locus on 15q25 (P = 9.45 x 10(-19)) that includes CHRNA5, CHRNA3 and CHRNB4, three genes encoding neuronal nicotinic...
Show moreSmoking is a leading global cause of disease and mortality. We established the Oxford-GlaxoSmithKline study (Ox-GSK) to perform a genome-wide meta-analysis of SNP association with smoking-related behavioral traits. Our final data set included 41,150 individuals drawn from 20 disease, population and control cohorts. Our analysis confirmed an effect on smoking quantity at a locus on 15q25 (P = 9.45 x 10(-19)) that includes CHRNA5, CHRNA3 and CHRNB4, three genes encoding neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits. We used data from the 1000 Genomes project to investigate the region using imputation, which allowed for analysis of virtually all common SNPs in the region and offered a fivefold increase in marker density over HapMap2 (ref. 2) as an imputation reference panel. Our fine-mapping approach identified a SNP showing the highest significance, rs55853698, located within the promoter region of CHRNA5. Conditional analysis also identified a secondary locus (rs6495308) in CHRNA3.
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Date Issued
2010
Identifier
FSU_migr_geriatrics_faculty_publications-0018, 10.1038/ng.572
Format
Citation
Molecular Genetic Architecture of Self-Employment
Title
The Molecular Genetic Architecture of Self-Employment.
Creator
van der Loos, Matthijs, Rietveld, Cornelius, Eklund, Niina, Koellinger, Philipp, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Abecasis, Gonçalo, Ankra-Badu, Georgina, Baumeister, Sebastian, Benjamin,...
Show morevan der Loos, Matthijs, Rietveld, Cornelius, Eklund, Niina, Koellinger, Philipp, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Abecasis, Gonçalo, Ankra-Badu, Georgina, Baumeister, Sebastian, Benjamin, Daniel, Biffar, Reiner, Blankenberg, Stefan, Boomsma, Dorret, Cesarini, David, Cucca, Francesco, de Geus, Eco, Dedoussis, George, Deloukas, Panos, Dimitriou, Maria, Eiriksdottir, Guðny, Eriksson, Johan, Gieger, Christian, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Höhne, Birgit, Holle, Rolf, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Isaacs, Aaron, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Johannesson, Magnus, Kaakinen, Marika, Kähönen, Mika, Kanoni, Stavroula, Laaksonen, Maarit, Lahti, Jari, Launer, Lenore, Lehtimäki, Terho, Loitfelder, Marisa, Magnusson, Patrik, Naitza, Silvia, Oostra, Ben A., Perola, Markus, Petrovic, Katja, Quaye, Lydia, Raitakari, Olli, Ripatti, Samuli, Scheet, Paul A. (Paul Anthony), Schlessinger, David, Schmidt, Carsten, Schmidt, Helena, Schmidt, Reinhold, Senft, Andrea, Smith, Albert, Spector, Timothy, Surakka, Ida, Svento, Rauli, Terracciano, Antonio, Tikkanen, Emmi, van Duijn, Cornelia, Viikari, Jorma, Völzke, Henry, Wichmann, H.-Erich (Heinz-Erich), Wild, Philipp, Willems, Sara, Willemsen, Gonneke, van Rooij, Frank, Groenen, Patrick, Uitterlinden, André G., Hofman, Albert, Thurik, A. R. (A. Roy)
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Abstract/Description
Economic variables such as income, education, and occupation are known to affect mortality and morbidity, such as cardiovascular disease, and have also been shown to be partly heritable. However, very little is known about which genes influence economic variables, although these genes may have both a direct and an indirect effect on health. We report results from the first large-scale collaboration that studies the molecular genetic architecture of an economic variable–entrepreneurship–that...
Show moreEconomic variables such as income, education, and occupation are known to affect mortality and morbidity, such as cardiovascular disease, and have also been shown to be partly heritable. However, very little is known about which genes influence economic variables, although these genes may have both a direct and an indirect effect on health. We report results from the first large-scale collaboration that studies the molecular genetic architecture of an economic variable–entrepreneurship–that was operationalized using self-employment, a widely-available proxy. Our results suggest that common SNPs when considered jointly explain about half of the narrow-sense heritability of self-employment estimated in twin data (σg2/σP2 = 25%, h2 = 55%). However, a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies across sixteen studies comprising 50,627 participants did not identify genome-wide significant SNPs. 58 SNPs with p<10−5 were tested in a replication sample (n = 3,271), but none replicated. Furthermore, a gene-based test shows that none of the genes that were previously suggested in the literature to influence entrepreneurship reveal significant associations. Finally, SNP-based genetic scores that use results from the meta-analysis capture less than 0.2% of the variance in self-employment in an independent sample (p≥0.039). Our results are consistent with a highly polygenic molecular genetic architecture of self-employment, with many genetic variants of small effect. Although self-employment is a multi-faceted, heavily environmentally influenced, and biologically distal trait, our results are similar to those for other genetically complex and biologically more proximate outcomes, such as height, intelligence, personality, and several diseases.
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Date Issued
2013
Identifier
FSU_migr_geriatrics_faculty_publications-0006, 10.1371/journal.pone.0060542
Format
Citation
New insight into fat, muscle and bone relationship in women
Title
New insight into fat, muscle and bone relationship in women: determining the threshold at which body fat assumes negative relationship with bone mineral density..
Creator
Liu, Pei-Yang, Ilich, Jasminka Z, Brummel-Smith, Ken, Ghosh, Sunita
Abstract/Description
The aim was to investigate the relationships among lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), and bone mineral density (BMD) in women stratified by body mass index (BMI) (BMI - normal-weight, overweight, obese) and to determine threshold at which body fat assumes negative relationship with BMD. This was a cross-sectional study in 471 healthy Caucasian women, aged 18-67 years. BMD, LM, and FM were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Analysis of variance with Bonferroni corrections was used to...
Show moreThe aim was to investigate the relationships among lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), and bone mineral density (BMD) in women stratified by body mass index (BMI) (BMI - normal-weight, overweight, obese) and to determine threshold at which body fat assumes negative relationship with BMD. This was a cross-sectional study in 471 healthy Caucasian women, aged 18-67 years. BMD, LM, and FM were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Analysis of variance with Bonferroni corrections was used to test the BMI group differences. Linear regression was used to examine independent contributions of LM and FM on BMD of various skeletal sites (controlling for age and height). In overweight/obese women PROC LOESS plots were used to determine the inflection points at which either LM or FM relationship with BMD changes direction. Separate analyses in pre- and post-menopausal women were conducted as well. Spine and femoral neck BMD were not different among three BMI groups while total body, femur and radius BMD were statistically different (the highest in the obese group). Linear regression revealed that LM had significant positive association with BMD of various skeletal sites in all groups. FM showed a negative association with BMD of femoral neck and femur in normal-weight and spine in overweight women, but a positive association with radius in obese women. Inflection points showed that body fat between 33% and 38% assumed negative relationship with BMD for most skeletal sites in overweight and obese women. Although LM has strong positive relationship with BMD, FM above 33% in overweight/obese women is negatively related to BMD of most skeletal sites. Therefore, overweight/obesity after certain amount of FM, may not be a protective factor against osteoporosis in females. For clinical practice in women, it is important to maintain LM and keep FM accrual below ~30% body fat to maintain good skeletal health.
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Date Issued
2014-11-01
Identifier
FSU_pmch_25538842, PMC4274553, 25538842, 25538842
Format
Citation
Comparative Effects of Dried Plum and Dried Apple On Bone In Postmenopausal Women
Title
Comparative Effects of Dried Plum and Dried Apple On Bone In Postmenopausal Women.
Creator
Hooshmand, Shirin, Chai, Sheau Ching, Saadat, Raz, Payton, Mark, Brummel-Smith, Kenneth, Arjmandi, Bahram
Abstract/Description
Aside from existing drug therapies, certain lifestyle and nutritional factors are known to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Among the nutritional factors, dried plum or prunes (Prunus domestica L.) is the most effective fruit in both preventing and reversing bone loss. The objective of the present study was to examine the extent to which dried plum reverses bone loss in osteopenic postmenopausal women. We recruited 236 women, 1-10 years postmenopausal, not on hormone replacement therapy or...
Show moreAside from existing drug therapies, certain lifestyle and nutritional factors are known to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Among the nutritional factors, dried plum or prunes (Prunus domestica L.) is the most effective fruit in both preventing and reversing bone loss. The objective of the present study was to examine the extent to which dried plum reverses bone loss in osteopenic postmenopausal women. We recruited 236 women, 1-10 years postmenopausal, not on hormone replacement therapy or any other prescribed medication known to influence bone metabolism. Qualified participants (n 160) were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups: dried plum (100 g/d) or dried apple (comparative control). Participants received 500 mg Ca plus 400 IU (10 μg) vitamin D daily. Bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine, forearm, hip and whole body was assessed at baseline and at the end of the study using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months to assess bone biomarkers. Physical activity recall and 1-week FFQ were obtained at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months to examine physical activity and dietary confounders as potential covariates. Dried plum significantly increased BMD of ulna and spine in comparison with dried apple. In comparison with corresponding baseline values, only dried plum significantly decreased serum levels of bone turnover markers including bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b. The findings of the present study confirmed the ability of dried plum in improving BMD in postmenopausal women in part due to suppressing the rate of bone turnover.
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Date Issued
2011
Identifier
FSU_migr_geriatrics_faculty_publications-0043, 10.1017/S000711451100119X
Format
Citation
Personality traits and risk of cognitive impairment and dementia.
Title
Personality traits and risk of cognitive impairment and dementia.
Creator
Terracciano, Antonio, Stephan, Yannick, Luchetti, Martina, Albanese, Emiliano, Sutin, Angelina R
Abstract/Description
We investigated the association between five factor model personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and risk of dementia, cognitive impairment not dementia (CIND), and conversion from CIND to dementia in a large national cohort. Participants from the Health and Retirement Study (N > 10,000) completed a personality scale in 2006-2008 and their cognitive status was tracked for up to 8 years using the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive...
Show moreWe investigated the association between five factor model personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and risk of dementia, cognitive impairment not dementia (CIND), and conversion from CIND to dementia in a large national cohort. Participants from the Health and Retirement Study (N > 10,000) completed a personality scale in 2006-2008 and their cognitive status was tracked for up to 8 years using the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICSm). Adjusting for age, sex, education, race, and ethnicity, lower conscientiousness and agreeableness and higher neuroticism were independently associated with increased risk of dementia. These associations remained significant after adjusting for other risk factors for dementia, including income, wealth, smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and blood biomarkers. These associations were not modified by age, sex, race, ethnicity, and education, suggesting that the associations of personality with risk of dementia were similar across demographic groups. Neuroticism and conscientiousness were also associated with risk of CIND. Low conscientiousness predicted conversion from CIND to dementia. Using brief assessments of personality and cognition, we found robust evidence that personality is associated with risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in a large national sample.
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Date Issued
2017-06-01
Identifier
FSU_pmch_28153642, 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.01.011, PMC5374012, 28153642, 28153642, S0022-3956(16)30635-5
Format
Citation