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Title: Reconstruction's Ghost: The Struggle for Racial Equality in Greater Albany.
Creator: Butler, Joshua W. (Josh William), Jones, Maxine Deloris, Montgomery, Maxine Lavon, Frank, Andrew, Mooney, Katherine Carmines, Florida State University, College of Arts and...
Show moreButler, Joshua W. (Josh William), Jones, Maxine Deloris, Montgomery, Maxine Lavon, Frank, Andrew, Mooney, Katherine Carmines, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of History
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Abstract/Description: Generations of Americans believe that black political activism materialized in the decades of the modern Civil Rights Movement. Since this overwhelming view prevails, the history of local African Americans who made a means of not giving into racism in spite of the violent and recalcitrant oppression that had existed since the days of slavery is often overlooked. But blacks fought for, and at times secured, small victories on an individual or community level, although setbacks and challenges...
Show moreGenerations of Americans believe that black political activism materialized in the decades of the modern Civil Rights Movement. Since this overwhelming view prevails, the history of local African Americans who made a means of not giving into racism in spite of the violent and recalcitrant oppression that had existed since the days of slavery is often overlooked. But blacks fought for, and at times secured, small victories on an individual or community level, although setbacks and challenges to those gains also occurred. The mis-impression that activism merely manifested itself in the days following either Emmitt Till’s murder or the Brown decision leaves generations of people missing, or erased, from the annals of history, and simply ignores the reality of making a movement on the ground. By expanding the parameters beyond the typical definition of the Civil Rights Movement, black activism from each successive generation after the Civil War emerges and provides a better understanding of race in America. Approaching the Southwest Georgia Movement through the lens of a longer evolving fight for racial equality, it becomes apparent that most of those involved were fighting against the ghost of Reconstruction. It was during this tumultuous episode that blacks had lost all gains garnered after the fall of the Confederacy (the Freedom Generation). Moreover, southerners found ways of restricting or erasing these liberties as the country transitioned into the Jim Crow era (the Terrorist Generation). The modern leaders, Martin Luther King, Jr. (MLK) and Ralph David Abernathy, for example, rose to prominence by fighting against these segregation statutes, but their ultimate goal was to reclaim many of the gains of Reconstruction (the Protest Generation).
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Butler_fsu_0071E_13919
Format: Thesis

Title: Savage Saints: Muscular Christianity, Human Nature, and Fighting in America.
Creator: Park, Adam, Corrigan, John, Newman, Joshua I., Porterfield, Amanda, McVicar, Michael J., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Religion
Abstract/Description: “Savage Saints” historiographically reconfigures “Muscular Christianity.” It studies the close and positive relations of martial arts and combat sports to Muscular Christianity, and it argues the central importance of the concept of “human nature” to Muscular Christian theology and practice. Many have shown that the Muscular Christian movement took shape as a critical reaction against the perceived unhealthy and enfeebling ways of American culture. Decrying the physical stagnation of indoor...
Show more“Savage Saints” historiographically reconfigures “Muscular Christianity.” It studies the close and positive relations of martial arts and combat sports to Muscular Christianity, and it argues the central importance of the concept of “human nature” to Muscular Christian theology and practice. Many have shown that the Muscular Christian movement took shape as a critical reaction against the perceived unhealthy and enfeebling ways of American culture. Decrying the physical stagnation of indoor life prompted by urban environs, the poor dietary customs of American foodways, and the general lack of play among both children and adults, the movement solidified as a large-scale Protestant “commitment to health and manliness.” My work refines this understanding of Muscular Christianity. Muscular Christianity was a response to various rumored cultural “crises”—particularly regarding health and manly vigor. More fundamentally, Muscular Christianity was (and continues to be) a rejoinder to America’s supposed divergence from Creation’s Purpose and Nature’s Laws. Muscular Christianity, then, was a natural theology that sought to correct unnatural modern ills by discerning and following a designed human plan. And the human design that Muscular Christians revealed was a violent one, wherein fighting was integral to “human nature”—an instinct placed within us that was both original and good. Fighting was uniquely foundational for Muscular Christians. Cast as a natural act prior to and outside of an unnatural American civilization, fighting occupied a privileged place in Muscular Christian theory and praxis. Opposite the perceived “overcivilizing” trends of the nation—i.e. the culturally inflicted threats to health and manly vigor—fighting showcased “human nature” and God’s Creation in its purest form. Languid, impotent, and chronically ill Americans, so it went, had neglected the value of rough-and-tumble action. Combat sports and martial arts gave wayward Americans a rare glimpse into what was and what should be. Finding the Divine in the bellicose, Muscular Christians looked to the fighting arts as a socially curative and individually salvific countermeasure to American “overcivilization.” Filling a historiographic void, then, “Savage Saints” accounts for the Muscular Christian attraction to and use of combat sports and martial arts in the 20th-century United States. Muscular Christians readily advocated and took up Japanese jiu-jitsu at the turn of the century, boxing during and immediately after the First World War, judo, karate, and other eastern martial arts in the second half of the century, and mixed martial arts (MMA) from the 1990s to the present day. If sports and a newly emboldened physical culture defined Muscular Christianity’s restorative and revisionist program, fighting was clearly an essential component. In the overall saga of Muscular Christianity and fighting, “human nature” was the primary protagonist and the praiseworthy hero. Pugnacious human nature was the God-given guide inside us. Physical aggression was the natural instinct created within. Employing the exemplary practices of martial arts and combat sports, Muscular Christians vested “bare life”—a life outside and before American civility—with a masculinized sense of primal bellicosity and theological meaning. As God created it—and as evident through fighting—human nature was virile and potentially savage. The Nature that American culture forgot was the Nature that Muscular Christianity sought to remember. Fisticuff knowledge was not lost to all, however. Muscular Christians often looked to culturally untainted youths, and more naturally attuned foreigners for ideas for living rightwise. Physically aggressive children and combat proficient eastern cultures were valued as those less subject to the detrimental effects of American overcivilization. Looking to children, eastern cultures, or within themselves, Muscular Christians fabricated a forceful instinct—the Word in the flesh. Americans, so it went, simply had to remember who they were—aggressive and physical—as they were made. By enabling special access to “human nature” through fighting, Muscular Christianity popularized masculinized notions of persons as originally, purposefully, and virtuously atavistic. With fighting as an instrumental practice, and with the quarrelsome Word as an inner guide, Muscular Christians constructed persons as godly barbaric selves, as savage saints.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Park_fsu_0071E_13938
Format: Thesis

Title: Soldiers of God: Sūfism, Islamist Activism, and the Tradition of Comanding Right and Forbidding Wrong.
Creator: Houston, John Samuel, Kelsay, John, Milligan, Jeffrey Ayala, Boyle, Helen N., Twiss, Sumner B., Gaiser, Adam R., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreHouston, John Samuel, Kelsay, John, Milligan, Jeffrey Ayala, Boyle, Helen N., Twiss, Sumner B., Gaiser, Adam R., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Religion
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Abstract/Description: In this project, I contribute to ongoing debates regarding proper conceptions of “political Islam” or “Islamism” by bringing greater attention to the roles that Islamic mysticism, or Ṣūfism (taṣawwuf), has played in shaping theories and practices of virtue and character formation in Islamist movements. I do so by undertaking a genealogical study of the discourse concerning the practice of “commanding right and forbidding wrong” in classical Islamic thought as well as in that of modern Sunnī...
Show moreIn this project, I contribute to ongoing debates regarding proper conceptions of “political Islam” or “Islamism” by bringing greater attention to the roles that Islamic mysticism, or Ṣūfism (taṣawwuf), has played in shaping theories and practices of virtue and character formation in Islamist movements. I do so by undertaking a genealogical study of the discourse concerning the practice of “commanding right and forbidding wrong” in classical Islamic thought as well as in that of modern Sunnī Islamism. Figures such as medieval scholarly giant al-Ghazālī (d. 505/111), Ḥasan al-Bannāʾ (d. 1949), founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, Saʿīd Ḥawwa (d. 1989), a leading thinker of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood, and ʿAbd al-Salam Yassine (d. 2012), who established the Moroccan Justice and Spirituality Association, all appropriated the discourse of commanding and forbidding in differing ways and for differing reasons to put forward activist visions of Islam; however, they all stressed the need for spiritual and ethical formation (tarbīya) and relied on Ṣūfism to accomplish this. Attention to the ways in which this “Ghazalian” tradition of Islamist thought and practice adopted Ṣūfī organizational structures and models of ethical formation challenges conceptual frameworks which have described Islamist groups primarily as products of modernity or as political ideologies. Additionally, study of this Ṣūfi-centric Islamist tradition offers a contrast to scholarship which has focused almost exclusively on Islamism’s exoteric scripturalism and fixation on the law. Such insights are crucial when attempting to understand and engage Islamist actors for purposes ranging from scholarly enquiry to cross-cultural understanding to policy formulation.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Houston_fsu_0071E_13955
Format: Thesis

Title: Parental Perspectives on Their Children's Social and Emotional Skill Development at Home and at School.
Creator: Blalock, Jennifer, Gawlik, Marytza, Reynolds, John K. (John Kenneth), Schwartz, Robert A., Iatarola, Patrice, Florida State University, College of Education, Department of...
Show moreBlalock, Jennifer, Gawlik, Marytza, Reynolds, John K. (John Kenneth), Schwartz, Robert A., Iatarola, Patrice, Florida State University, College of Education, Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies
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Abstract/Description: This dissertation examines parents’ perspectives on their children’s development of social and emotional skills, both at home and at school. It explores how parents view the school’s role and their own role; how they conceptualize and value social and emotional skills, both on their own and in relation to academic skills; what they do to nurture their children’s skill development; and how demographic and other external factors such as policy pressure, resources, and support may impact their...
Show moreThis dissertation examines parents’ perspectives on their children’s development of social and emotional skills, both at home and at school. It explores how parents view the school’s role and their own role; how they conceptualize and value social and emotional skills, both on their own and in relation to academic skills; what they do to nurture their children’s skill development; and how demographic and other external factors such as policy pressure, resources, and support may impact their perspectives and experiences. Its theoretical framework is guided by a pragmatic and constructivist philosophy and influenced by theories of skill formation and social and cultural capital. Prior research on skill formation has shown that social and emotional skills are important to children’s life outcomes, can potentially reduce inequality, and are most efficacious when developed in early childhood. Yet social and emotional skill development has been underemphasized in educational policymaking and in schools. Research on the roles of social capital and cultural capital in education and family life has demonstrated the significance of familial capital on children’s educational experiences and life outcomes. The different forms of capital that parents possess, along with their beliefs and actions, influence their children’s social and emotional skill formation, yet in schools and the policymaking process, parental perspectives are frequently marginalized. Changes can be made to education policy and practice at all levels to better support children’s social and emotional skill development. The relative neglect of social and emotional skills in schools is significant beyond their contribution to individual learning and life outcomes, impacting both inequality and the economy at a global level. This research contributes to the literature on skill formation and social and cultural capital theory by investigating how parents perceive and experience their children’s development of social and emotional skills. Data come from in-depth interviews with 16 parents of children attending two diverse elementary schools. Field notes, audio-recordings of the interviews, and interview transcripts were analyzed, looking for emergent themes and areas of commonality or difference. Findings reveal that education policy pressure has a nuanced impact on children’s social and emotional skill development at home and school, based upon the circumstances of the school environment and the individual child. Parents’ levels of social and cultural capital appear to shape their expectations of their children’s school regarding its role in social and emotional skill development, with parents possessing higher levels of capital also having higher expectations for the school and identifying fewer barriers to the school fulfilling those expectations. Capital also seems to influence the home-school relationship in terms of how parents view their role, whether as volunteers or in their relationships with teachers and other parents, and how their role is perceived by others. Furthermore, evidence emerged that parental capital may play a role children’s technology use in ways that could impact their development of social and emotional skills. However, despite possessing different degrees and varieties of capital, parents shared similar perspectives on the nature of social and emotional skills, the skills they value, and how they perceive their roles, actions, and confidence in helping their children develop social, emotional, and academic skills. Perceived similarity between parent and child emerges as a possible influence on how parents relate to their child’s skill development. Parents frequently compared their child’s skills with their own perceived skills and reported more confidence in their ability to help their children develop social and emotional skills when their child’s personality reminded them of their own. Stress and the role of their child’s other parent also appear to impact parents’ perspectives and experiences regarding their children’s social and emotional skill development by affecting them personally, their parenting practices, and the amount of resources and support they have available. This study’s findings reinforce several tenets of skill formation theory. Parents discussed the malleable and interrelated nature of skills, alluding to the concepts of self- productivity and dynamic complementarity. Findings also suggest a potential way of understanding the “rhetoric/reality gap” based upon how parents perceive the nature of skill development and the interaction between different types of skills.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Blalock_fsu_0071E_13936
Format: Thesis

Title: The Role of Substance-Specific Subjective Effects in Predicting Drug of Choice and Substance Use Disorders.
Creator: Chavarria, Jesus, Winegardner, Mark, Cougle, Jesse R. (Jesse Ray), Ganley, Colleen M., Schmidt, Norman B., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of...
Show moreChavarria, Jesus, Winegardner, Mark, Cougle, Jesse R. (Jesse Ray), Ganley, Colleen M., Schmidt, Norman B., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
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Abstract/Description: Substance use is an individual and societal burden. Although many people experiment with substances, only a small proportion ever becomes addicted. Several theories have postulated how and why individuals become addicted to substances; however, no theories have accounted for the roles an individual’s preference of substance-specific hedonic effects and drug of choice (DOC) play on addiction. To fill this gap in theories of addiction, it is proposed that preferred substance-specific hedonic...
Show moreSubstance use is an individual and societal burden. Although many people experiment with substances, only a small proportion ever becomes addicted. Several theories have postulated how and why individuals become addicted to substances; however, no theories have accounted for the roles an individual’s preference of substance-specific hedonic effects and drug of choice (DOC) play on addiction. To fill this gap in theories of addiction, it is proposed that preferred substance-specific hedonic effects are a key predictor of DOC and, in turn, the escalation from substance use experimentation to substance addiction. The current study tested the proposed association between hedonic effects, DOC, and addiction by first examining if elevations in scales designed to assess the enjoyment of substance-specific hedonic effects were associated with an increased probability of having a particular DOC. This study also investigated if those same scales were associated with a lifetime history of particular substance use disorders. Eighty-one treatment seeking individuals meeting criteria for a lifetime SUD and having experience with at least three different classes of substances were interviewed and given a battery of questionnaires assessing their enjoyment of substance-specific hedonic effects. Significant correlations were found between Caucasian race and having an opiate and stimulant substance use disorder, but not a depressant or hallucinogen substance use disorder. Marginally significant and non-significant effects in the expected direction provided some support for the hypotheses; however, no results were fully significant. Results provided some evidence for the extension of Koob’s (2008) hedonistic homeostatic dysregulation theory of addiction. Limitations include a lack of power to detect effects for some primary DOCs and SUDs and a relatively older aged sample.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Chavarria_fsu_0071E_11771
Format: Thesis

Title: Sea Level and Marine Redox Dynamics within the Appalachian Basin during the Middle-Late Ordovician: Implications for the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE).
Creator: Kozik, Nevin Paul, Young, Seth Allen, Owens, Jeremy D., Knapp, Angela N., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric...
Show moreKozik, Nevin Paul, Young, Seth Allen, Owens, Jeremy D., Knapp, Angela N., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science
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Abstract/Description: Two Middle-Late Ordovician sections from the Appalachian Basin of eastern North America were analyzed for chemostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic correlations to elucidate possible causal mechanisms facilitating the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE). Paired stable isotope (δ13C and δ34S) as well as sequential iron extractions and total digest analysis were used in both carbonate-dominated and shale-dominated localities from the Appalachian Basin to reconstruct the marine...
Show moreTwo Middle-Late Ordovician sections from the Appalachian Basin of eastern North America were analyzed for chemostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic correlations to elucidate possible causal mechanisms facilitating the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE). Paired stable isotope (δ13C and δ34S) as well as sequential iron extractions and total digest analysis were used in both carbonate-dominated and shale-dominated localities from the Appalachian Basin to reconstruct the marine redox states during integral periods of biodiversification, while sequence stratigraphic analyses were utilized to reconstruct fluctuations both local and eustatic sea level. Geochemical investigations of the shale-dominated sequence will bring potential insights into the redox environment of the deeper portions of the Appalachian Basin while this carbonate-dominated sequence is one of the most expanded Sandbian Stage (Late Ordovician) sequences known from North America, and brings new high-resolution reconstructions of long-term global carbon and sulfur cycles fluctuations and eustatic sea level changes. Integrating paleoredox reconstructions from relatively shallow and deep water sequences within the same basin can help to understand any contraction or expansion of oxidative or reducing conditions during the Middle–Late Ordovician within this portion of the Appalachian Basin that may be linked to global paleoredox dynamics. We find that although this part of the Appalachian Basin may have been slightly restricted from open marine settings during the latest Darriwilian, trends in stable isotopes and reconstructed sea level (sequence stratigraphy) can be correlated to global trends utilizing previous conodont and graptolite biostratigraphy along with conodont 87Sr/86Sr values. Here we identify several intervals of decoupled δ13Ccarb and δ34SCAS trends: as δ13C increases or remains constant, δ34S trends drop, signaling a discontinuity between carbon and sulfur cycles. However, these decoupled stratigraphic intervals are followed by coupled trends δ13Ccarb and δ34SCAS (parallel positive shifts in both). Causal mechanisms for the observed δ13C and δ34S trends may be linked to a reduction of pyrite burial due to increased ventilation in Middle-Late Ordovician marine environments, while coupled trends likely represent increased organic carbon and pyrite burial associated with expansion of reducing oceanic conditions. These alternations from more oxic to anoxic/euxinic conditions throughout the Middle-Late Ordovician may in part explain the pulsed nature of marine faunal diversity trends previously observed throughout the GOBE. The results presented here demonstrate the unfolding complex evolution of the long-term sulfur and carbon cycles, marine paleoredox conditions, continental weathering, and climate during the Early Paleozoic world.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Kozik_fsu_0071N_14105
Format: Thesis

Title: The Relationship between Completed High School and College Courses and Gains in Standardized Test Performance from the Perspective of the Expert Performance Approach.
Creator: Tock, Jamie Lindal, Ericsson, K. Anders (Karl Anders), Jakubowski, Elizabeth M., Wagner, Richard K., Kelley, Colleen M., Ganley, Colleen M., Florida State University, College of...
Show moreTock, Jamie Lindal, Ericsson, K. Anders (Karl Anders), Jakubowski, Elizabeth M., Wagner, Richard K., Kelley, Colleen M., Ganley, Colleen M., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
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Abstract/Description: There are several parallels between the acquisition of expert performance and the learning by students in high school and college courses. High school and college course experience includes prolonged, intensive practice on learning skills and knowledge in math and verbal related subjects, with the opportunity to receive feedback on learning progress through learning assessments. Students who continue on to higher education typically complete standardized tests aimed at measuring their...
Show moreThere are several parallels between the acquisition of expert performance and the learning by students in high school and college courses. High school and college course experience includes prolonged, intensive practice on learning skills and knowledge in math and verbal related subjects, with the opportunity to receive feedback on learning progress through learning assessments. Students who continue on to higher education typically complete standardized tests aimed at measuring their reasoning performance in math and verbal related skills. The current work aimed to measure the relationship between completed courses relevant to the content appearing on standardized tests and the performance on those tests. This study has adopted the expert performance approach to examine the association between particular completed courses and SAT and GRE performance while increasing the precision of those estimates. Knowledge from research on different types of practice and statistical techniques aimed at addressing measurement issues from previous studies were utilized to obtain optimal estimates. The previous research has indicated positive associations between taking additional relevant courses, and engaging in additional effort to master learning in completed courses, on SAT and GRE performance. Additionally, a notable gender gap has been identified on standardized tests, with males scoring higher than females on math section performance. However, there has been a large degree of variation in the adequacy of measures of previous performance and no existing study has attempted to address bias in estimates related to issues of self-selection. In the current work, two studies were performed to attempt to optimally measure the size of the effects for the association between course taking and standardized test performance. In Study 1, the statistical techniques of hierarchical regression, two-stage least squares regression, and mixed modeling were used on the HSLS:09 dataset to obtain estimates of course taking and grade performance on the SAT-Math and SAT-Verbal. In Study 2, the techniques of hierarchical regression, propensity score matching, and quantile regression analyses were performed on a novel college sample to estimate the role of course taking, effort, and previous performance on the association between completed college major and changes in GRE-Quant and GRE-Verbal performance. Additionally, a secondary focus of examining the potential causes of the large gender gap in GRE-Quant performance was undertaken in Study 2. The results of Study 1 and Study 2 indicated support for engaging in a challenging course curriculum and maximizing effort in completed courses to optimize the benefit of course experience on standardized assessments. Evidence emerged for a unique benefit for completing courses including learning skills at a level higher than the level of content being tested directly on the SAT and GRE. The gender gap in math performance was substantially smaller when controlling for previous performance and differences in course taking. Each of these results are discussed in terms of their implication for how students may utilize course experiences to maximize their score on standardized tests and benefit from insights from studies of purposeful and deliberate practice mediating the acquisition of expert performance.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Tock_fsu_0071E_14007
Format: Thesis

Title: The Role of Motivation in International ESL Graduate Students' Engagement with Writing at the University Writing Center.
Creator: Jones, Aimee Ninette, Yancey, Kathleen Blake, Latham, Don, Graban, Tarez Samra, Neal, Michael R., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
Abstract/Description: This dissertation investigates and conceptualizes the sources of motivation that inform international ESL graduate students’ tutoring sessions focused on academic writing. In doing so, the study draws on Bonny Norton’s investment theory of motivation as a framework, which offers a theory of motivation from a sociological perspective that accounts for the relationship between the language learner and the social world in which they operate, and the changing nature of motivation in the writing...
Show moreThis dissertation investigates and conceptualizes the sources of motivation that inform international ESL graduate students’ tutoring sessions focused on academic writing. In doing so, the study draws on Bonny Norton’s investment theory of motivation as a framework, which offers a theory of motivation from a sociological perspective that accounts for the relationship between the language learner and the social world in which they operate, and the changing nature of motivation in the writing process. Examining international ESL graduate students’ sources of motivation through the framework of investment illuminates the dynamic and shifting nature of students’ sources of motivation over time between material resources such as error-free polished texts, and symbolic resources, such as writing fluency and academic writing expertise. The research questions focusing this study ask (1.) What are international ESL graduate students’ motivations for utilizing the Graduate Writing Center? (2.) What do international ESL graduate students expect to gain during sessions at the Graduate Writing Center? (3.) How satisfied are international ESL graduate students with the knowledge or understanding they gain from their experiences at the Graduate Writing Center? To answer the research questions focusing this study, I use a two-part methodology: a recorded observation of each participant’s tutoring session and a retrospective, post-tutoring session interview with each participant. First, through the observation, I documented aspects of the tutoring sessions that did not come across aurally but could be helpful for understanding the tutors response practices, the tutee’s reception of the tutor’s feedback, and the power dynamic between the tutor and participant. Second, through the interviews, I gathered background and demographic information on the participants, inquired into the participants’ sources of motivation and expectations for utilizing the writing center over time, and ascertained the participants’ satisfaction with their writing center experiences. After synthesizing and interpreting these two datasets, I constructed a case study of each participant’s motivations for utilizing the Graduate Writing Center at FSU. Through the case studies, the research resulted in the following four claims: (1.) The participants had dual motivations (both material and symbolic); (2) the participants’ sources of motivation for utilizing the GWC over time were dynamic; (3.) the participants’ sources of motivation for utilizing the GWC shifted back and forth in relation to and were constrained by their needs, abilities, identities, assignments, and the stage of their PhD programs; (4.) With the dynamic shifts in their motivations and expectations, the participants expected their tutors to take on correspondingly dynamic roles and adjust their practices to accommodate the participants’ shifting sources of motivation and expectations. The results from this research can be used towards developing and articulating a more linguistically relevant theory of tutoring and tutoring practices that is more responsive to the dynamic motivations international ESL graduate students bring to the university writing center.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Jones_fsu_0071E_14005
Format: Thesis

Title: The Role of Authority Figures' Approval in Anti-Muslim Aggression.
Creator: Beck, Christopher Loyd, Plant, Ashby, Stiegman, Albert E., McNulty, James, Boot, Walter Richard, Conway, P. (Paul), Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreBeck, Christopher Loyd, Plant, Ashby, Stiegman, Albert E., McNulty, James, Boot, Walter Richard, Conway, P. (Paul), Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
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Abstract/Description: Recent events have shown no abatement in the increasingly common anti-Muslim attitudes and aggression. Anti-Muslim incidents have steadily risen over the last few years. One contributing factor in anti-Muslim harassment may be Right-wing authoritarianism (RWA). RWA can lead to aggressive behavior towards minorities, as individuals high in RWA tend to act aggressively towards individuals who do not share their cultural values or norms. We argue that the authority figures that people admire...
Show moreRecent events have shown no abatement in the increasingly common anti-Muslim attitudes and aggression. Anti-Muslim incidents have steadily risen over the last few years. One contributing factor in anti-Muslim harassment may be Right-wing authoritarianism (RWA). RWA can lead to aggressive behavior towards minorities, as individuals high in RWA tend to act aggressively towards individuals who do not share their cultural values or norms. We argue that the authority figures that people admire play a role in shaping the attitudes and behaviors individuals endorse. As such, perceptions of political authority figures’ approval may dictate whether authoritarian individuals act on their aggressive impulses towards minority group members. Across two studies, we posit that for people high in RWA these perceptions of authority figure approval act as a mechanism to influence the personal endorsement of aggression towards Muslims. Our results support this hypothesis, as high RWA participants perceive their authority figures as approving of prejudice towards Muslims which in turn contributes to their own endorsement of aggressive policies. Perceptions of authority figure approval are an important contributor to anti-Muslim aggression. Authoritarian individuals become more likely to aggress against Muslims due to their perceptions that their political authority figures would support such actions.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Beck_fsu_0071E_14059
Format: Thesis

Title: Protective Magic in Ancient Greece: Patterns in the Material Culture of Apotropaia from the Archaic to Hellenistic Periods.
Creator: Habib, Reema Raihana, Pfaff, Christopher A., Levenson, David B., Slaveva-Griffin, Svetla, Pullen, Daniel J., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department...
Show moreHabib, Reema Raihana, Pfaff, Christopher A., Levenson, David B., Slaveva-Griffin, Svetla, Pullen, Daniel J., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Classics
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Abstract/Description: The term apotropaia is conventionally understood to refer to a specific type of protective magic in which an object possesses a supernatural ability to avert evil from its human users, the practice of which is generally assumed to be a facet of human behavior so fundamental in nature that it is applied universally and rarely subjected to critical review. The application of such a universal approach to the tutelary magic of ancient Greece is problematic, particularly in light of the concept’s...
Show moreThe term apotropaia is conventionally understood to refer to a specific type of protective magic in which an object possesses a supernatural ability to avert evil from its human users, the practice of which is generally assumed to be a facet of human behavior so fundamental in nature that it is applied universally and rarely subjected to critical review. The application of such a universal approach to the tutelary magic of ancient Greece is problematic, particularly in light of the concept’s origination in outdated treatments of the ancient world. This study intends to examine the human agency that directs the selection and use of protective magic in the art of Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic Greece, to explore how, why, and under whose agency the visual expression of apotropaic motifs developed, and to situate all of these answers in their relevant historical and cultural contexts. A chronological examination of the evidence reveals a distinct shift in agency over time, in which early appeals to the gods for protection gradually give way to a preference for human ritual behaviors that purport to provide the same security. The apotropaic element of the iconography of the ancient gorgon is developed gradually, as it grows from an image that symbolizes divine action to one that can be used by humans with individual, non-divine agency, all of which occurs against a backdrop of larger changes in the perception of the roles of gods and men. These shifts reveal the existence of a clear human need, in the years following the Hellenistic period, to secure protection from non-standard sources, or, in those cases where the Greek gods are preferred, to use the deities as tools in service to human needs. Furthermore, these diachronic shifts in tutelary agency correspond to periods of socio-economic crisis, perhaps as the result of general losses of faith in the divine. As a result, a pattern emerges in which the early reliance on the gods for protection gives way to a human need to assert control over one’s circumstances by any means necessary.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Habib_fsu_0071E_13857
Format: Thesis

Title: A Specific Heat Investigation of High-Temperature Superconductors.
Creator: Moir, Camilla Margaret, Boebinger, Gregory S. (Gregory Scott), Siegrist, Theo, Shekhter, Arkady, Bonesteel, N. E., Riley, Mark A., Florida State University, College of Arts and...
Show moreMoir, Camilla Margaret, Boebinger, Gregory S. (Gregory Scott), Siegrist, Theo, Shekhter, Arkady, Bonesteel, N. E., Riley, Mark A., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics
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Abstract/Description: The understanding of the electronic systems of materials has not been only the essential, but the driving force, behind the progress of technology for over 100 years. This year marks the 60th anniversary of the revolutionary Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer, or BCS, theory which described the creation of Cooper pairs from a Fermi liquid ‘normal’ state through a coupling of conduction elections to phonons. Despite this, it wasn’t until the cuprate La2−xBaxCuO4, the first high-temperature...
Show moreThe understanding of the electronic systems of materials has not been only the essential, but the driving force, behind the progress of technology for over 100 years. This year marks the 60th anniversary of the revolutionary Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer, or BCS, theory which described the creation of Cooper pairs from a Fermi liquid ‘normal’ state through a coupling of conduction elections to phonons. Despite this, it wasn’t until the cuprate La2−xBaxCuO4, the first high-temperature superconductor, was discovered in the late 1980’s [1] that the dream of a room temperature superconductor seemed attainable and the ‘Age of the Superconductor’ began. However, the unique properties for which these high-temperature, unconventional superconductors are prized have also obstructed thorough investigation of the electronic behavior underlying their superconductivity and demanded extremely intense magnetic fields, very low temperatures, and thermodynamic measurements in extreme environments in order to fully characterize their electronic systems. It is, therefore, no small thing to flesh out the phase diagrams of these materials whose exotic electronic properties may eventually lead to faster, more compact devices and new methods of digital computation. Despite the difficulties in collecting usefully data on high-temperature superconductors, a vast body of work has amassed and grown with the increasingly intense magnetic fields available. As a result, quasiparticle mass enhancement near optimal doping was recently observed in two major classes of high-temperature superconductors, cuprates [2] and pnictides [3–5]. Because an effective quasiparticle mass accounts for the interactions between an electron and surrounding particles, it is an experimental indicator of enhanced electronic interactions. Enhancement of the quasiparticle effective mass, or increased electronic interactions, is believed to accompany quantum criticality, and the observation of mass enhancement in two very different classes of high-temperature superconductors makes quantum criticality the most promising candidate for universality across the high-temperature superconductors. The study outlined here is an investigation of the properties of three high-temperature superconductors, La2−xSrxCuO4, YBa2Cu3Oδ , and BaFe2(As1−xPx)2, through specific heat and resistivity measurements at very low temperatures, 1.5 K ≤ T ≤ 20 K, and magnetic fields up to 35 T. Such measurements required the construction of instrumentation specifically designed to deal with these extreme environments, and the low thermodynamic signals which are a signature of the cuprate superconductors. In order to understand the unprecedented data collected, novel analysis techniques based on Volovik phenomenology were developed. The procedures for specific heat measurements and the analysis of the resulting data developed for this study and outlined in the following thesis stand as the model for measurement of the normal state density of states of correlated superconductors. I report the observation of a saturation of the specific heat as a function of applied magnetic field in all three compounds, La2−xSrxCuO4, YBa2Cu3Oδ , and BaFe2(As1−xPx)2, indicating superconductivity has been suppressed and from which an effective mass, or sum of quasiparticle masses can be determined. I report that the onset of the normal state corresponds to the onset of finite resistance in La2−xSrxCuO4 and BaFe2(As1−xPx)2. I report enhancement in the sum of quasiparticle masses with doping in BaFe2(As1−xPx)2 that diverges near the predicted quantum critical point at optimum doping and that the dramatic enhancement evidences an orbital selective coupling to quantum fluctuations when compared to previous studies.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Moir_fsu_0071E_14029
Format: Thesis

Title: The Two Faces of a Polyelectrolyte Multilayer: Tailoring the Structure and the Properties.
Creator: Ghoussoub, Yara E., Schlenoff, Joseph B., Keller, Thomas C. S., Shatruk, Mykhailo, Hanson, Kenneth G., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of...
Show moreGhoussoub, Yara E., Schlenoff, Joseph B., Keller, Thomas C. S., Shatruk, Mykhailo, Hanson, Kenneth G., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
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Abstract/Description: Polyelectrolyte multilayers are fabricated using the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. The conditions used during and after their assembly allow the fine-tuning of multilayer properties such as surface charge, roughness, stiffness and wettability. Using this technique, thin films can be rationally designed for specific applications including antifouling, antireflection, antifogging, drug release, as well as creating self-cleaning surfaces and controlling cell growth behavior. The work in this...
Show morePolyelectrolyte multilayers are fabricated using the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. The conditions used during and after their assembly allow the fine-tuning of multilayer properties such as surface charge, roughness, stiffness and wettability. Using this technique, thin films can be rationally designed for specific applications including antifouling, antireflection, antifogging, drug release, as well as creating self-cleaning surfaces and controlling cell growth behavior. The work in this dissertation focuses on understanding the fundamental mechanisms of PEMU growth and developing methods to control the thin film properties. Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMUs) growth has been described by two models: linear and exponential. In the linear growth mode, each added layer of polyelectrolytes compensates the charge on the surface. By comparison, exponentially growing systems allow the diffusion of at least one of the components of the multilayer into the entire film creating an excess of polymer charge that persists after build-up. This excess is compensated by small counterions that maintain the charge balance within the film. Although the ionic population within the PEMUs has been detected and quantified, the spatial distribution of the ions remains to be determined. As part of the work presented in this dissertation, we use a multilayer system that grows exponentially to determine the ionic content and the local distribution of counterions in polyelectrolyte thin films. In particular, multilayers of poly(diallyldimethylammonium) (PDADMA) and poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) were built on a stimuli-responsive substrate (aluminum) and subsequently released in alkaline solution to access the buried interface for further characterization. Elemental composition of the substrate/film and film/air interfaces were obtained using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. PDADMA/PSS thin films have a non-stoichiometric composition with an excess of positive polyelectrolytes within the bulk. Excess of PDADMA was detected on both sides of the free-standing PEMU confirming the diffusion of the positive polyelectrolyte species through the film all the way to the underlying substrate. The chemical composition and mechanical properties of these PEMUs were studied to obtain insights into the mechanism of build-up and the model describing the growth of the polyelectrolyte thin films. The ionic content was subsequently determined by exchanging the counterions left in the multilayer with radiolabeled ions. Finally, neutron reflectometry was used to probe the spatial distribution of the counterions that populate the PEMUs, revealing the internal structure of the films and a uniform distribution of the ionic population in bulk of the PEMUs. Using the same method for releasing PEMUs after assembly, we design Janus films consisting of PDADMA/ PSS multilayers with a final layer of perfluorinated Nafion polymer. Nafion capped films showed amphiphilic properties with a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic side. Nafion was allowed to diffuse throughout the film at high temperature creating a gradient of hydrophobicity within the bulk of the PEMU. The impact of temperature and salt concentration on the integrity and properties of polyelectrolyte multilayers was then investigated. Janus nanofilms were more resistant to dissolution at high salt concentrations compared to hydrophilic PDADMA/PSS multilayers. In a separate project, thin anionic and zwitterionic coatings were designed to repel algae from ion exchange resins. PSS and a copolymer of PSS and 3-[2-(acrylamido)-ethyldimethyl ammonio] propane sulfonate zwitterionic group (AEDAPS) (PSS75-co-AEDAPS25 and PSS50-co-AEDAPS50) were used to apply a thin polymeric coating on the surface of anion exchange resins. The deposition of the polyelectrolytes onto the resin particles was followed using UV-visible spectroscopy. After successful adsorption, PSS and PSScoAEDAPS polyelectrolyte coatings inhibited the settlement of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algae onto the resin particles.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Ghoussoub_fsu_0071E_14080
Format: Thesis

Title: The Study on the Copper(II)-Mediated Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition Reactions.
Creator: Zhang, Xiaoguang, Zhu, Lei (Professor of chemistry), Fajer, Peter G., Alabugin, Igor V. (Professor), Shatruk, Mykhailo, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreZhang, Xiaoguang, Zhu, Lei (Professor of chemistry), Fajer, Peter G., Alabugin, Igor V. (Professor), Shatruk, Mykhailo, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
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Abstract/Description: The copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction is an efficient technique for linking two molecules in different applications. Generally, Cu(II) salts were used to generate active catalyst Cu(I) by the addition of reducing reagents. In our earlier study, 2-picolyl azide and propargyl alcohol reacted fast in the Cu(OAc)2-assisted azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction without addition of reducing reagents, which makes the reaction easy to handle and readily to modify the...
Show moreThe copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction is an efficient technique for linking two molecules in different applications. Generally, Cu(II) salts were used to generate active catalyst Cu(I) by the addition of reducing reagents. In our earlier study, 2-picolyl azide and propargyl alcohol reacted fast in the Cu(OAc)2-assisted azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction without addition of reducing reagents, which makes the reaction easy to handle and readily to modify the conditions. This dissertation is composed of 5 chapters, which focused on the Cu(II)-mediated azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions and the reactions derived from the CuAACs. Chapter 1 is the introduction to the development of the CuAAC reactions. The mechanistic study on CuAAC reactions from the computational aspect and the experimental aspect were reviewed to understand and describe the proposed mechanism of the CuAAC reactions. The impact of components, such as solvent, copper salts, ligands, and so on, were summarized in this chapter. At the end of this chapter, the unresolved problems were put forwarded for improving the efficiency and the flexibility of CuAACs in future applications. Chapter 2 focuses on the reactivity of the alkynes in CuAAC reactions. Though the alkyne is an important component in CuAACs, the study on the reactivity of alkynes has not been reported much. It brings difficulties in understanding the mechanism as well as in the application of the alkynes. In this chapter, various alkynes were designed and compared under different conditions through 1H NMR monitoring experiments. The behavior of the alkyne were analyzed under conditions: Cu(II), Cu(I), and existence of ligand TBTA. Through ranking the reactivity of alkynes under different conditions, the factors that contribute to their reactivity were analyzed and discussed, which offers a guidance for practical purpose. Chapter 3 focuses on a special class of organic azides. These azides have ability to chelate copper ions and displayed high reactivity in Cu(II)-mediated azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions. The mechanism of the reaction has been proposed, but the impact from the structure of azides remained unclear. In this chapter, the binding affinity of azides was measured via the isothermal calorimetry (ITC) method for evaluating the chelation effect on the reactivity of the azides. The N-heterocyclic (NHC) carbene stabilized copper triazolide was employed to study the impact of azides in the cycloaddition step and the protonation step. Moreover, the dinucleared copper complex involves Cu(I) and Cu(II) were compared using carbene stabilized copper triazolide. Chapter 4 focuses on the synthesis of 5,5’-bis-1,2,3-triazoles. Bistriazoles are oxidative dimers generated in CuAAC reactions. The compounds were noticed as side products in CuAAC reactions by Sharpless and co-workers, but they did not report it. Burgess first reported the compound as major product under basic conditions. In the existing protocols for synthesizing bistriazoles, the long reaction time (12-48 hours) and the limiting substrate scope hindered the further study and application of bistriazoles. In this chapter, we put effort on optimizing the reaction conditions and expanding the scope of substrates to improve the efficiency of the reactions. In order to guide the synthesis, the mechanistic study was carried out for discovering the impact from various components in the reaction system. A mechanism was proposed based on the observations. Chapter 5 focuses on the mechanistic study on 5-iodo-1,2,3-triazole formation. In CuAAC reactions, 5-iodo-1,2,3-triazole was observed as a by-product when CuI was used as catalyst. It could be the major product when 1-iodoalkynes were used as the starting materials or the reaction involved the iodine source. In our previous study, terminal alkynes were used to synthesize 5-iodo-1,2,3-triazoles via the “one-pot” method. In the NMR monitoring reactions, the formation of the iodoalkyne was observed prior to the formation of iodotriazole, but the reaction pathway remained unclear. In this chapter, the mechanistic study was carried out using the carbene stabilized triazolide to test whether the reaction went through the copper triazolide intermediate.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Zhang_fsu_0071E_14063
Format: Thesis

Title: Urban Growth Patterns and Drivers in Florida, the United States: Parcel-Based New Measures and Modeling of Multi-Scale Factors.
Creator: Xing, Guang, Zhao, Tingting (Professor of Geography), Feiock, Richard C., Yang, Xiaojun, Uejio, Christopher K., Florida State University, College of Social Sciences and Public...
Show moreXing, Guang, Zhao, Tingting (Professor of Geography), Feiock, Richard C., Yang, Xiaojun, Uejio, Christopher K., Florida State University, College of Social Sciences and Public Policy, Department of Geography
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Abstract/Description: Urban growth or sprawl has been an interesting research topic for contemporary urban studies. The availability of remote sensing and GIS techniques facilitate a large number of empirical and practical studies in addition to traditional theoretical research. From definition, to spatial measures, to exploration of the driving forces and modeling/forecasting of urban growth or sprawl, this research topic has received increasing attention in multiple disciplinary fields, such as geography, urban...
Show moreUrban growth or sprawl has been an interesting research topic for contemporary urban studies. The availability of remote sensing and GIS techniques facilitate a large number of empirical and practical studies in addition to traditional theoretical research. From definition, to spatial measures, to exploration of the driving forces and modeling/forecasting of urban growth or sprawl, this research topic has received increasing attention in multiple disciplinary fields, such as geography, urban planning, public policy and administration, environment science, and public health etc. The subtopics of urban growth or sprawl are broad and multidisciplinary. In my dissertation research, I focused mainly on spatial aspects of urban growth and sprawl through examining their patterns and investigating driving forces. My approach integrated data from multiple sources at various geographic scales (ranging from parcels at individual housing scale to land-use policy survey data at city scale) and utilized GIS techniques and statistical methods. The first two dissertation chapters provide an introduction of urban growth/sprawl issues and literature review of previous research. The remaining chapters present four major studies, with the first two focused on devising new urban sprawl measures dedicated to utilizing information-rich, fine-scale parcel data for urban sprawl assessment at aggregated scales. Census population/housing and remote sensing land-cover data have been used to characterize urban growth and urban sprawl effectively but not without limitations. These data at the aggregated level usually remove detailed information on housing types (such as single vs. multi-family residence), unit size, and land-use purposes (such as commercial vs. residential uses). With the increasing availability of parcel data especially in the United States, scholars began to explore and utilize these fine spatial/temporal data with full-detailed attributes (such as land-use type, total living space, number of residential units, the actual year built, and etc.) for urban growth research. To take advantage of the information-rich fine-scale parcel data, two sets of new urban sprawl measures were designed to characterize urban sprawl patterns from different perspectives. The two sets of sprawl measures are introduced in the dissertation as two relatively independent studies, given the variation of measures as well as distinctive study areas. For each set of sprawl measures, three indices were created (with some level of overlap) to capture urban sprawl from the aspects of housing characteristics (development density or housing size), land use diversity, and accessibility to business hubs. These measures of urban sprawl are based on fine-scale parcel data; and are able to capture patterns of sprawl at the city and metropolis levels. Our measures are easily transferable to cities of different development patterns and allow comparison across cities of various dimensions. They may also be used to compare growth of a city or metropolis in time sequence. The third and fourth studies explore urban growth drivers that integrate factors such as socioeconomics, environment, and sustainable urban development policies using Geographic Weighted Regression (GWR) as well as statistical multi-level modeling approaches. Single-level linear regression model is a common approach to examine the relationships between urban growth and associated driving factors. In the third study presented in this dissertation, Geographic Weighted Regression (GWR) analysis, single-level model that takes into consideration of spatial adjacency and variation, was used to explore each driving factor’s influence on urban growth. The potential driving factors were first examined by a global OLS (Ordinary Least Square) model to identify their global influential trends on urban growth across cities in Florida. Then, a local GWR model is applied to detect local variations of these urban growth drivers for cities at different locations. In the fourth study presented in this dissertation, a multilevel linear regression model frame was developed and applied to exploring impacts of urban growth driving factors on urban development, attempting to capture influences at both city and finer geographic scales. First, city effects were examined, and then block-group level variables were included, and lastly city level variables were integrated. Compared to the traditional single-level linear regression model, multilevel modeling is a relatively new method to be used in analyzing urban growth and the associated driving factors. Overall, the entire dissertation work enriches research of urban growth and urban sprawl, in particular the measurement and modeling perspectives from the geography stance. The first two studies present an innovative research attempt that suits well with the era of big data, which geographers can provide unique contribution given the nature of the data we constantly handle. The third and fourth studies target on the unknown relationship between fine-scale empirical observation of urban growth (based on remote sensing data) and meso-scale land-use regulation (based on survey data). This makes these studies unique in terms of integration of knowledge gained in geography, urban planning, and public administration. Finally, the results of our analysis benefit urban planners and policy makers through quantitative assessment of levels of urban growth/sprawl, which provides a knowledge base for their planning or design of sustainable urban development in the future. They may also benefit from our integrated assessment of urban growth drivers, in particular the effectiveness of individual policies on curbing urban growth.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Xing_fsu_0071E_13996
Format: Thesis

Title: Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Phytoplankton Distribution in a River-Dominated Estuary, Apalachicola Bay, Florida.
Creator: Geyer, Natalie L. (Natalie Louise), Huettel, Markus, Miller, Thomas E. (Professor of Biological Science), Wetz, Michael S., Speer, Kevin G. (Kevin George), Landing, William M.,...
Show moreGeyer, Natalie L. (Natalie Louise), Huettel, Markus, Miller, Thomas E. (Professor of Biological Science), Wetz, Michael S., Speer, Kevin G. (Kevin George), Landing, William M., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science
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Abstract/Description: In the shallow, bar-built estuary Apalachicola Bay, the discharge of the Apalachicola River, the largest river in Florida by discharge volume, produces short residence times of water in the Bay and pronounced gradients in salinity and nutrients. This, in combination with wind- and tidal-driven circulation, generates an environment for plankton that is complex and highly dynamic. Understanding these dynamics and the factors controlling them is prerequisite for estimating phytoplankton biomass...
Show moreIn the shallow, bar-built estuary Apalachicola Bay, the discharge of the Apalachicola River, the largest river in Florida by discharge volume, produces short residence times of water in the Bay and pronounced gradients in salinity and nutrients. This, in combination with wind- and tidal-driven circulation, generates an environment for plankton that is complex and highly dynamic. Understanding these dynamics and the factors controlling them is prerequisite for estimating phytoplankton biomass and productivity in such ecosystems. This research assessed the variability of estuarine phytoplankton in Apalachicola Bay at multiple temporal and spatial scales, utilizing high resolution spatial sampling, dye release experiments monitored with a drone, and a long-term record of water quality. Small-scale chlorophyll a (Chl a) peaks (1.3 ± 0.7 km wide) had steep gradients (3.0 ± 6.0 µg Chl a L-1 km-1) and accounted for 7.7 ± 2.7 % of the biomass observed with a flow-through water quality instrument. Winds, tides, and temperature affected Chl a peak characteristics, while the river plume front was a dynamic location of elevated Chl a. Horizontal dispersion of small-scale inert tracer patches (10-100 m) were faster than phytoplankton reproduction cycles, suggesting that small-scale phytoplankton patches may not be able to outpace physical dispersion in estuaries through growth. The evaluation of a 14-year time series of bay water quality data revealed that extreme river discharge events influenced intra- and interannual variability of Chl a. The nutrient buffering capacity of Apalachicola Bay, in conjunction with longer residence time, increased light penetration, and reduced grazing pressure, may mitigate the reduction of riverine nutrient input during drought. In contrast, tropical storms and high river discharge events may lead to periods of reduced phytoplankton biomass by increasing flushing rates of the estuary and reducing light availability. These new insights into the spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton distribution and what’s controlling it helps coastal managers to understand how river discharge, winds, and tides affect biomass in bar-built estuaries.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Geyer_fsu_0071E_13866
Format: Thesis

Title: Sorvali Dilatation and Spin Divisors on Riemann and Klein Surfaces.
Creator: Almalki, Yahya Ahmed, Nolder, Craig, Huffer, Fred W. (Fred William), Klassen, E. (Eric), Klassen, E. (Eric), van Hoeij, Mark, Florida State University, College of Arts and...
Show moreAlmalki, Yahya Ahmed, Nolder, Craig, Huffer, Fred W. (Fred William), Klassen, E. (Eric), Klassen, E. (Eric), van Hoeij, Mark, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Mathematics
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Abstract/Description: We review the Sorvali dilatation of isomorphisms of covering groups of Riemann surfaces and extend the definition to groups containing glide-reflections. Then we give a bound for the distance between two surfaces, one of them resulting from twisting the other at a decomposing curve. Furthermore, we study spin structures on Riemann and Klein surfaces in terms of divisors. In particular, we take a closer look at spin structures on hyperelliptic and p-gonal surfaces defined by divisors supported...
Show moreWe review the Sorvali dilatation of isomorphisms of covering groups of Riemann surfaces and extend the definition to groups containing glide-reflections. Then we give a bound for the distance between two surfaces, one of them resulting from twisting the other at a decomposing curve. Furthermore, we study spin structures on Riemann and Klein surfaces in terms of divisors. In particular, we take a closer look at spin structures on hyperelliptic and p-gonal surfaces defined by divisors supported on branch points. Moreover, we study invariant spin divisors under automorphisms and anti-holomorphic involutions of Riemann surfaces.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_ALMALKI_fsu_0071E_14064
Format: Thesis

Title: Tuning the Photoluminescence of Halide Perovskites.
Creator: Knox, Javon M., Gao, Hanwei, Bonesteel, N. E., Van Winkle, David, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics
Abstract/Description: Wavelength tunability or bandgap tuning of mixed halide perovskite, CsPb(IxBry)3 (y=1-x), can be achieved by changing the composition of iodide and bromide ions but under continuous illumination the photoluminescence (PL) peak position shifts from its initial position. This optical instability is attributed to phase segregation, where until photoexcitation the mixed halide anions migrate to iodide-rich and bromide-rich domains. Recent work has shown PL peak stability for mixed halide...
Show moreWavelength tunability or bandgap tuning of mixed halide perovskite, CsPb(IxBry)3 (y=1-x), can be achieved by changing the composition of iodide and bromide ions but under continuous illumination the photoluminescence (PL) peak position shifts from its initial position. This optical instability is attributed to phase segregation, where until photoexcitation the mixed halide anions migrate to iodide-rich and bromide-rich domains. Recent work has shown PL peak stability for mixed halide composition x > 0.6, however this limits the range of tunability to wavelengths greater than 640 nanometers (nm). Here we create a dual-source vapor-evaporation method to create mixed halide which can suppress the phase segregation and improve the photoluminescence stability.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Knox_fsu_0071N_14120
Format: Thesis

Title: Sulfur Iodine Flux Synthesis of Metal Sulfides and Metal Sulfide Iodides.
Creator: Groom, Ryan August, Latturner, Susan, Siegrist, Theo, Shatruk, Mykhailo, Stiegman, Albert E., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry and...
Show moreGroom, Ryan August, Latturner, Susan, Siegrist, Theo, Shatruk, Mykhailo, Stiegman, Albert E., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
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Abstract/Description: In this work, various transition and main group metals were heated in a low temperature molten sulfur/iodine flux to produce metal sulfides and metal sulfide iodides, in a one-pot synthesis method that eliminates the use of toxic or costly precursors. The lower reaction temperatures of a S/I2 flux, enables the synthesis of metastable (Bi13S18I2 and PbSnS3) and kinetically driven phases. Variables such as reaction temperature and iodine content were explored to determine their effects on...
Show moreIn this work, various transition and main group metals were heated in a low temperature molten sulfur/iodine flux to produce metal sulfides and metal sulfide iodides, in a one-pot synthesis method that eliminates the use of toxic or costly precursors. The lower reaction temperatures of a S/I2 flux, enables the synthesis of metastable (Bi13S18I2 and PbSnS3) and kinetically driven phases. Variables such as reaction temperature and iodine content were explored to determine their effects on reactivity, phase yield, crystallinity, and morphology. All metals were reactive within the temperature range studied (300-600 °C). Reactions containing transition metals formed a variety of metal sulfide phases. Ternary metal sulfide iodides were only observed for reactions with main group metals. Bismuth reactions produced three different products (Bi2S3, BiSI, and Bi13S18I2). The latter compound, formerly reported as “Bi19I3S27,” grew as well formed needles from the flux. This enabled extensive crystallographic studies by single crystal XRD and powder synchrotron XRD. These data allow a more accurate assignment of the disordered bismuth sites in the structure, indicating formation of subvalent Bi24+ dimers. Thermal decomposition studies and Raman spectroscopy support this structural model, and electronic structure calculations and optical reflectance studies indicate this compound is an indirect band gap semiconductor with band gap of 0.3 eV. Additionally, this work studied reactions of mixed metal systems of bismuth/antimony, bismuth/indium, and lead/tin in S/I2 flux. It was determined that Bi13-xSbxS18I2 can only reach a substitution limit of 25% for antimony on the bismuth sites. The complete solid solution range was observed for the phase Bi1-xSbxSI. Two-mode behavior was seen in Raman spectra, indicating localized covalent bonding. UV/Vis/NIR diffuse reflectance measurements for Bi1-xSbxSI were unable to indicate how antimony substitution affects absorption edge shifts due to the variation in substitution between crystals within the same product matrix. Single crystals of InBiS3 could be synthesized from reactions of bismuth and indium in sulfur/iodine flux, but it was not able to be synthesized phase pure. Bi2In4S9 was always present as a byproduct, preventing UV/Vis/NIR diffuse reflectance measurements. Similarly, single crystals of PbSnS3 were synthesized, but were produced with byproducts of SnS2 and PbI2 preventing additional characterization. PbSnS3 is an analogue of the mixed valent tin sulfide (Sn2S3), where lead is in the 2+ oxidation state and tin in the 4+ state. Microwave-assisted heating, an alternative and inductive heating process, was explored and products were compared to those synthesized from traditional furnace heating. The use of low temperatures (<500 °C) and mild iodine contents (<0.5 mmol per 10 mmol S) for reactions lead to the formation of many compounds at much lower bulk reaction temperatures and shorter reaction times than seen in the traditional furnace reactions. Some of these materials include metastable and mixed valent phases.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Groom_fsu_0071E_13959
Format: Thesis

Title: Replication Timing Regulation and Chromatin Structure Dynamics during the Cell Cycle and Development.
Creator: Dileep, Vishnu, Gilbert, David M., Lemmon, Alan R., Bass, Hank W., Chadwick, Brian P., Dennis, Jonathan Hancock, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreDileep, Vishnu, Gilbert, David M., Lemmon, Alan R., Bass, Hank W., Chadwick, Brian P., Dennis, Jonathan Hancock, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Science
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Abstract/Description: Eukaryotic genomes replicate via the synchronous firing of clusters of origins that together produce multi-replicon domains, each of which replicates at a defined time during S-phase. This temporal program is termed the DNA replication-timing program. Replication Timing (RT) is a stable epigenetic property that is cell type specific and is extensively regulated during differentiation in units that range from 400-800kb called replication domains. DNA that replicates at distinct times during S...
Show moreEukaryotic genomes replicate via the synchronous firing of clusters of origins that together produce multi-replicon domains, each of which replicates at a defined time during S-phase. This temporal program is termed the DNA replication-timing program. Replication Timing (RT) is a stable epigenetic property that is cell type specific and is extensively regulated during differentiation in units that range from 400-800kb called replication domains. DNA that replicates at distinct times during S-phase is also spatially separated in the nucleus. Consistent with this, the binary nuclear compartments defined by chromatin spatial proximity maps, align precisely with the replication-timing program. But the dynamics of this relationship during differentiation and cell cycle have been poorly understood. To this end, we first showed that there is a coordinated switch in nuclear compartment along with a switch in replication timing during differentiation. It was also observed that regions of the genome that switch replication timing and nuclear compartment continue to maintain their structural boundaries. Genome-wide analysis of replication domains revealed that they are indeed stable structural units corresponding to Topologically-Associating Domains (TADs) defined by Hi-C. Next we showed that the interphase chromatin structure consisting of TADs and their long-range contacts are established during early G1 coincident with the establishment of the replication-timing program. We also show that developmentally regulated regions of the genome have fundamentally different higher order structure. In G2 phase, the replication timing-program is lost while inter-phase chromatin structure acquired in early G1 was retained. This shows that interphase chromatin structure is not sufficient to dictate RT and lead us to hypothesize that the chromatin structure set-up during early G1 may act as a scaffold to seed the assembly of some factor capable of setting replication initiation thresholds. The de-coupling of chromatin structure and RT could then be due to the removal of this factor during S-phase. Consistent with this hypothesis, we discovered a protein Rif1 that enters the nucleus right after mitosis and its knockout has a profound disruptive effect on RT in both mouse and human cells. Lastly, we explored the conservation of replication timing at single cell level that revealed a highly conserved yet stochastic regulation of replication timing. Surprisingly, the intrinsic (within cell) stochasticity and the extrinsic (cell-to-cell) stochasticity were similar. This is consistent with a model of replication timing regulation where the timing is the outcome of stochastic origin firing and is not affected by the precise environment within a cell. In summary, the work descried in this thesis uncovers a model where replication-timing is regulated at the unit of chromatin structure called TADs, which are generally stable across cell-types, but the compartment that they reside in corresponds to the time of their replication. Interphase chromatin structure is established along with the establishment of RT and may act as scaffold for replication regulation factors like Rif1. Finally, replication timing and its association with chromatin structure are highly conserved and are observed even at the single chromosome level.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Dileep_fsu_0071E_14038
Format: Thesis

Title: A Novel Mixed Reality Interface for Effective and Efficient Human Robot Interaction with Unique Mobility Platforms.
Creator: Kopinsky, Ryan J., Collins, Emmanuel G., Roberts, Rodney G., Clark, Jonathan E., Oates, William, Barber, Daniel J., Florida State University, College of Engineering, Department...
Show moreKopinsky, Ryan J., Collins, Emmanuel G., Roberts, Rodney G., Clark, Jonathan E., Oates, William, Barber, Daniel J., Florida State University, College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Abstract/Description: Autonomous robots are increasingly working alongside humans in a variety of environments. While simple applications in controlled environments work fine with fully autonomous robots and little interaction between human and robot, mission-critical applications in unstructured and uncertain environments require a stronger collaboration between human and robot. An example of such an instance occurs in dismounted military operations in which one or more autonomous robots act as part of a team of...
Show moreAutonomous robots are increasingly working alongside humans in a variety of environments. While simple applications in controlled environments work fine with fully autonomous robots and little interaction between human and robot, mission-critical applications in unstructured and uncertain environments require a stronger collaboration between human and robot. An example of such an instance occurs in dismounted military operations in which one or more autonomous robots act as part of a team of soldiers. The performance of the human-robot team depends largely on the interaction between human and robot, more specifically the communication interfaces between the two. Furthermore, due to the complex and unstructured environments in which dismounted military missions take place, robots need to have a diverse skill set. Therefore, a variety of sensors, robot platform types (e.g. wheeled vs legged) and other capabilities are needed. The goal of this research was to understand how robot platform type and visual complexity of the human-robot interface, in particular a Mixed Reality interface, affect cooperative human-robot teaming in dismounted military operations. More specifically, the research objectives were to understand how robot platform type (wheeled vs. legged) impacts the human's perception of robot capability and performance, and to assess how visual complexity of a Mixed Reality interface affects accuracy and response time for an information reporting task and a signal detection task. The results of this study revealed that an increased visual complexity of the Mixed Reality-based human-robot interface improved response time and accuracy for an information reporting task and resulted in a more usable interface. Furthermore, the results indicated that the response time and accuracy for a signal detection task did not differ between high visual complexity and low visual complexity modes of the human-robot interface, which was likely due to a low task load. Users of the interface in high visual complexity mode reported lower perceived workload and better perceived performance compared to users of the interface in low visual complexity mode. Moreover, the findings of this study demonstrated that the unique appearance of a biologically-inspired legged robot was not enough to result in a difference in perceived performance and trust compared to a more traditional- looking wheeled robot. Therefore, there was no basis to conclude that the unique appearance of the legged robot resulted in the user anthropomorphizing the legged robot more than the wheeled robot. Additionally, free response feedback from users revealed that Mixed Reality-based head-mounted displays have the potential to overcome the shortcomings of Augmented Reality-based head-mounted displays and offer a suitable alternative to hand-held displays in dismounted military operations. Finally, this study demonstrated that an increase in visual complexity of a Mixed Reality-based human-robot interface results in improved effectiveness of human robot interaction and ultimately human-robot team performance as long as the additional complexity supports the tasks of the human.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Kopinsky_fsu_0071E_14062
Format: Thesis

Title: Naturalistic Sampling and Narrative Retells: Language Sampling Context Comparisons for Preschool Children.
Creator: Appleget, Allyssa Rae, Wood, Carla, Woods, Juliann J., Dennis, Lindsay Rae, Florida State University, College of Communication and Information, School of Communication Science...
Show moreAppleget, Allyssa Rae, Wood, Carla, Woods, Juliann J., Dennis, Lindsay Rae, Florida State University, College of Communication and Information, School of Communication Science and Disorders
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Abstract/Description: This study aims to examine the differences in expressive language in preschool children (n=36) across contexts. Children’s lexical diversity, lexical productivity, and verb use was compared between two language sampling contexts: a narrative retell task and a naturalistic language sample via a LENA device. Correlations are reported between LSA and standardized measures of expressive language.
Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Appleget_fsu_0071N_13944
Format: Thesis

Title: Perceptual Learning of Dysarthric Speech: Age-Related Consequences.
Creator: Luhrsen, Stephani, Lansford, Kaitlin L., Kaschak, Michael P., Ingvalson, Erin, Florida State University, College of Communication and Information, School of Communication...
Show moreLuhrsen, Stephani, Lansford, Kaitlin L., Kaschak, Michael P., Ingvalson, Erin, Florida State University, College of Communication and Information, School of Communication Science and Disorders
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Abstract/Description: Perceptual-training paradigms offer a promising platform for improving intelligibility of dysarthric speech by offsetting the communicative burden from the speaker onto the listener. Much of the research to date has utilized young adults as listeners; however, there is reason to believe that these samples of listeners do not sufficiently represent the population of listeners who would most benefit from perceptual training, namely older caregivers of individuals with dysarthria. Due to...
Show morePerceptual-training paradigms offer a promising platform for improving intelligibility of dysarthric speech by offsetting the communicative burden from the speaker onto the listener. Much of the research to date has utilized young adults as listeners; however, there is reason to believe that these samples of listeners do not sufficiently represent the population of listeners who would most benefit from perceptual training, namely older caregivers of individuals with dysarthria. Due to evidence suggesting younger and older listeners process degraded speech differently, this study was conducted to evaluate intelligibility gains secondary to perceptual-training paradigms with older adults. Nineteen adults aged 60 and over completed a standard perceptual training protocol, which consisted of a pretest transcription, familiarization, and posttest transcription phase using recordings produced by a male speaker diagnosed moderate ataxic dysarthria. Mean pretest and posttest scores were compared to evaluate the effect of the familiarization experience on transcription accuracy. Additionally, older adults’ transcription accuracy improvement scores, reflected as the difference between post- and pre-test accuracy, were compared to historical data collected from 50 younger adult listeners previously reported in Borrie, Lansford, and Barrett (2017). Importantly, older adults were found to have significantly higher transcription accuracy in the posttest, relative to the pretest, condition, indicating a perceptual gain following training. In comparison to the younger listeners, transcription accuracy scores were consistently lower in the older listeners. However, transcription accuracy improvement scores demonstrated no age-related effect, indicating that both listener groups enjoyed a similar magnitude of learning following the familiarization experience.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Luhrsen_fsu_0071N_13924
Format: Thesis

Title: The Punitive State: Incarceration, Concentrated Disadvantage and Their Consequences for School Punishment.
Creator: Hughes, Cresean, Stewart, Eric Allen, Cui, Ming, Warren, Patricia Y. (Patricia Yvonne), Blomberg, Thomas G., Florida State University, College of Criminology and Criminal...
Show moreHughes, Cresean, Stewart, Eric Allen, Cui, Ming, Warren, Patricia Y. (Patricia Yvonne), Blomberg, Thomas G., Florida State University, College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, College of Criminology and Criminal Justice
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Abstract/Description: The consequences of the Era of Mass Incarceration in the U.S. have been well-documented throughout the criminological literature. Scholars have found that the effects of incarceration impact various social institutions beyond the justice system – for example, the workplace, the family, and communities. To date, however, limited attention has been given to the possibility that the effects of incarceration influence the school setting. The current study is an attempt to address this gap in the...
Show moreThe consequences of the Era of Mass Incarceration in the U.S. have been well-documented throughout the criminological literature. Scholars have found that the effects of incarceration impact various social institutions beyond the justice system – for example, the workplace, the family, and communities. To date, however, limited attention has been given to the possibility that the effects of incarceration influence the school setting. The current study is an attempt to address this gap in the research literature. This dissertation is guided by Foucault’s (1977) “carceral continuum” thesis which suggests that the criminal justice system serves as a model for what is appropriate punishment and how that punishment should be administered. As the reach of this carceral continuum extends beyond the criminal justice system, Foucault (1977) argues that various societal institutions – for example, the school – are likely to adopt similar techniques and justifications to punish. This dissertation explores whether county-level incarceration rates and concentrated disadvantage are predictive of school punishment, particularly school suspensions. Specifically, this study examines whether higher county incarceration rates increase the likelihood of race-specific suspensions; whether higher county-level concentrated disadvantage increase the likelihood of race-specific suspensions; and whether the relationship between incarceration and school suspension is conditioned by concentrated disadvantage. To test these ideas, this dissertation utilizes data from several sources, including a random sample of Florida high schools and middle schools, the U.S. Census, the Florida Department of Education, the Florida Department of Corrections, and the Uniform Crime Report. Findings reveal that both incarceration rates and concentrated disadvantage increase the likelihood of suspension for all students; however, the effect of incarceration rates on the likelihood of school suspension is moderated by concentrated disadvantage only for Black students.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Hughes_fsu_0071E_14067
Format: Thesis

Title: Quasi-Monte Carlo and Markov Chain Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods in Estimation and Prediction of Time Series Models.
Creator: Tzeng, Yu-Ying, Ökten, Giray, Beaumont, Paul M., Srivastava, Anuj, Kercheval, Alec N., Kim, Kyounghee (Professor of Mathematics), Florida State University, College of Arts and...
Show moreTzeng, Yu-Ying, Ökten, Giray, Beaumont, Paul M., Srivastava, Anuj, Kercheval, Alec N., Kim, Kyounghee (Professor of Mathematics), Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Mathematics
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Abstract/Description: Randomized quasi-Monte Carlo (RQMC) methods were first developed in mid 1990’s as a hybrid of Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) methods. They were designed to have the superior error reduction properties of low-discrepancy sequences, but also amenable to the statistical error analysis Monte Carlo methods enjoy. RQMC methods are used successfully in applications such as option pricing, high dimensional numerical integration, and uncertainty quantification. This dissertation discusses the...
Show moreRandomized quasi-Monte Carlo (RQMC) methods were first developed in mid 1990’s as a hybrid of Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) methods. They were designed to have the superior error reduction properties of low-discrepancy sequences, but also amenable to the statistical error analysis Monte Carlo methods enjoy. RQMC methods are used successfully in applications such as option pricing, high dimensional numerical integration, and uncertainty quantification. This dissertation discusses the use of RQMC and QMC methods in econometric time series analysis. In time series simulation, the two main problems are parameter estimation and forecasting. The parameter estimation problem involves the use of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms such as Metropolis-Hastings and Gibbs sampling. In Chapter 3, we use an approximately completely uniform distributed sequence which was recently discussed by Owen et al. [2005], and an RQMC sequence introduced by O ̈kten [2009], in some MCMC algorithms to estimate the parameters of a Probit and SV-log-AR(1) model. Numerical results are used to compare these sequences with standard Monte Carlo simulation. In the time series forecasting literature, there was an earlier attempt to use QMC by Li and Winker [2003], which did not provide a rigorous error analysis. Chapter 4 presents how RQMC can be used in time series forecasting with its proper error analysis. Numerical results are used to compare various sequences for a simple AR(1) model. We then apply RQMC to compute the value-at-risk and expected shortfall measures for a stock portfolio whose returns follow a highly nonlinear Markov switching stochastic volatility model which does not admit analytical solutions for the returns distribution. The proper use of QMC and RQMC methods in Monte Carlo and Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms can greatly reduce the computational error in many applications from sciences, en- gineering, economics and finance. This dissertation brings the proper (R)QMC methodology to time series simulation, and discusses the advantages as well as the limitations of the methodology compared the standard Monte Carlo methods.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Tzeng_fsu_0071E_13607
Format: Thesis

Title: Studies in Sefer Yosippon: The Reception of Josephus in Medieval Hebrew, Arabic, and Ethiopic Literature.
Creator: Binyam, Yonatan, Levenson, David B., Garretson, Peter P., Goff, Matthew J., Kelley, Nicole, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Religion
Abstract/Description: In this dissertation I analyze the reception of Josephus in Ethiopia by way of the Hebrew Sefer Yosippon, its Latin sources, and its subsequent Arabic translations. I provide the first English translations and comparative analysis of selected passages from the Latin, Hebrew, Arabic, and Ethiopic texts that transmit Josephus’s Jewish War. The first part of this project provides an introduction to four texts that play important roles in the transmission of Josephus’s Jewish War from first...
Show moreIn this dissertation I analyze the reception of Josephus in Ethiopia by way of the Hebrew Sefer Yosippon, its Latin sources, and its subsequent Arabic translations. I provide the first English translations and comparative analysis of selected passages from the Latin, Hebrew, Arabic, and Ethiopic texts that transmit Josephus’s Jewish War. The first part of this project provides an introduction to four texts that play important roles in the transmission of Josephus’s Jewish War from first-century Rome to fourteenth-century Ethiopia: the fourth-century Latin De Excidio Hierosolymitano, the tenth-century Hebrew Sefer Yosippon, the twelfth-century Arabic Kitāb akhbār al-yahūd, and the fourteenth-century Ethiopic Zena Ayhud. After discussing the critical issues related to these texts, the second part of the dissertation presents a detailed comparison of the receptions of the famous story of Maria found Josephus’s account of the siege of Jerusalem. I pay close attention to the redactional changes made by the author of each text and note the ideological, cultural, rhetorical, and historical factors that lie behind the various editorial activities. Ultimately my research seeks to contribute to our understanding of the way in which non-western cultures receive the historiographical traditions of the classical period. In doing so, it will highlight the uniqueness of understudied literary and historiographical traditions that flourished in the medieval period.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Binyam_fsu_0071E_14085
Format: Thesis

Title: Visualizing Transfer: How Do Students' Conceptual Writing Knowledge Structures Connect to Their Transfer of Writing Knowledge and Practice?.
Creator: Workman, Erin Leigh, Yancey, Kathleen Blake, Proffitt, Jennifer M., Neal, Michael R., Fleckenstein, Kristie S., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreWorkman, Erin Leigh, Yancey, Kathleen Blake, Proffitt, Jennifer M., Neal, Michael R., Fleckenstein, Kristie S., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
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Abstract/Description: Situated at the intersection of research on writing transfer, dual coding theory, and concept mapping, this empirical research study investigates students' representation, development, and transfer of conceptual writing knowledge across writing contexts, taking a 2000 level Teaching for Transfer (TFT) course (Yancey, Robertson, and Taczak) as the site of study. In taking up students' use of prior knowledge—made explicit in their visual maps and represented through their key terms for writing...
Show moreSituated at the intersection of research on writing transfer, dual coding theory, and concept mapping, this empirical research study investigates students' representation, development, and transfer of conceptual writing knowledge across writing contexts, taking a 2000 level Teaching for Transfer (TFT) course (Yancey, Robertson, and Taczak) as the site of study. In taking up students' use of prior knowledge—made explicit in their visual maps and represented through their key terms for writing and the knowledge structures linking them—this project continues a line of research that Kathleen Yancey, Liane Robertson, and Kara Taczak began in 2009 at Florida State University when they designed the TFT curriculum for first-year composition (FYC) courses and studied whether, and how, the course supported students' transfer of writing knowledge and practice from the TFT course to other writing sites. Carrying forward this line of research, this dissertation (1) documents, via a series of visual mapping assignments, the prior knowledge of writing that students bring with them into the composition classroom as indexed in their key terms for writing and writing knowledge structures, and (2) traces whether, and how, these visual mapping assignments, integrated into the TFT curriculum, can assist students in both developing new writing knowledge and transferring this conceptual writing knowledge from a sophomore-level writing course, ENC 2135: Research, Genre, and Context, for use in other post-TFT writing sites. Using deductive and inductive coding, descriptive analysis, scored compositions from TFT and post-TFT courses, and four single-case studies of writers, this mixed-methods dissertation identifies changes in students' representations of their conceptual writing knowledge and provides documentation of how this conceptual writing knowledge assisted them—or not—in composing across contexts. This nine-month research study resulted in the following four claims: (1) Participants’ model of prior knowledge use is visible in the conceptual writing knowledge structures represented in their visual maps: Remixers use a network knowledge structure comprised of a mix of their self-selected and TFT key terms, whereas assemblers use a chain knowledge structure onto which they have grafted selected TFT key terms. (2) Remixers can be differentiated based on the process by which they develop their networked knowledge structure—structural development or structural change—and the orientation of their knowledge structure—to concept or process. (3) Visual mapping can support writers in dually-coding their Theories of Writing (ToW) by helping them to “see connections” among concepts and to articulate their verbal ToWs, but having a dually-coded ToW does not necessarily guarantee that a writer can effectively use their ToW to frame new writing situations. (4) Participants who transferred their writing knowledge and practice from ENC 2135 TFT for use in other sites met the three conditions for transfer outlined by Yancey et al. As a result, this dissertation suggests that writing studies scholarship and pedagogy can benefit from additional research on concurrent visual and verbal reflective activities that enable writers to articulate and externalize their conceptual writing knowledge.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Workman_fsu_0071E_14034
Format: Thesis

Title: Where There's Smoke, Is There Always Fire?: Exploring the Relationship between Substance-Related Health Strain and Criminal Arrest in a Partial Test of General Strain Theory.
Creator: Mier, Carrie Sue, Warren, Patricia Y. (Patricia Yvonne), Tripodi, Stephen J., Stewart, Eric Allen, Turanovic, Jillian J., Florida State University, College of Criminology and...
Show moreMier, Carrie Sue, Warren, Patricia Y. (Patricia Yvonne), Tripodi, Stephen J., Stewart, Eric Allen, Turanovic, Jillian J., Florida State University, College of Criminology and Criminal Justice, College of Criminology and Criminal Justice
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Abstract/Description: A strong connection between substance use and other criminal behaviors like violent and property crimes has been demonstrated by prior research (Bennett, Holloway, & Farrington, 2008), but the exact interconnections of this relationship remain elusive (White & Gorman, 2000). Some researchers have advocated for more examination of serious, chronic, problematic substance use or substance abuse. The medical field views substance abuse as a disease or disorder that has an impact on the body and...
Show moreA strong connection between substance use and other criminal behaviors like violent and property crimes has been demonstrated by prior research (Bennett, Holloway, & Farrington, 2008), but the exact interconnections of this relationship remain elusive (White & Gorman, 2000). Some researchers have advocated for more examination of serious, chronic, problematic substance use or substance abuse. The medical field views substance abuse as a disease or disorder that has an impact on the body and mind (O’Brien, 2011a) and focuses on specific criteria that could be seen as symptoms of these damaging effects (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1994; 2013). This dissertation attempts to examine these elements of substance abuse within the criminological framework of general strain theory (GST) as a substance-related health strain and to explore its relationship with criminal arrest. I hypothesize substance-related health strain will positively influence criminal arrests as a strain in itself, but that this connection will also vary depending on crime and substance type. I also hypothesize that this connection will be conditioned by positive coping resources that are important to GST. Data to examine these questions will be taken from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Results indicate that substance-related health strain does positively influence criminal arrest. This interconnection is moderated by the coping resource of social support but not social controls. Additionally, this relationship varies slightly by crime and substance type. Future research, public policy implications, and limitations to this study will also be discussed.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Mier_fsu_0071E_13960
Format: Thesis

Title: Investigation of the Impacts of Greenland Ice Sheet Melting on the along-Shelf Flow on Greenland Shelves and the Labrador Sea Deep Convection.
Creator: Sangmanee, Chalermrat, Clarke, Allan J., Tam, Christopher K. W., Knapp, Angela N., Bourassa, Mark Allan, Dewar, William K., Florida State University, College of Arts and...
Show moreSangmanee, Chalermrat, Clarke, Allan J., Tam, Christopher K. W., Knapp, Angela N., Bourassa, Mark Allan, Dewar, William K., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science
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Abstract/Description: Gravity measurements from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite measuring system show that Greenland is losing mass as water is lost to the ocean. Past work has suggested that the freshwater flux from Greenland, particularly along the southeastern coast, may be affecting the Labrador Sea deep convection, a major driver of the world deep ocean circulation. The main objectives of this thesis are to examine (1) the relationship between Greenland freshwater flux and the...
Show moreGravity measurements from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite measuring system show that Greenland is losing mass as water is lost to the ocean. Past work has suggested that the freshwater flux from Greenland, particularly along the southeastern coast, may be affecting the Labrador Sea deep convection, a major driver of the world deep ocean circulation. The main objectives of this thesis are to examine (1) the relationship between Greenland freshwater flux and the near-surface Labrador Sea salinity; (2) the response of the Greenland shelf water flow to the freshwater flux from the coast; and (3) to predict when the Labrador Sea deep convection will shut down because of the near-surface Labrador Sea freshening. Using the GRACE results and analysis of Argo float hydrographic data showed that there is a strong correlation between the anomalous annual freshwater flux onto the southeastern Greenland shelf and the freshening of the Labrador Sea several months later. The corresponding regression coefficient is physically reasonable and the delay in freshening is what you would expect based on eddy propagation from the west Greenland coast to the site of Labrador Sea deep convection. Satellite altimeter data was used to estimate the interannual shelf water flow, but the flow trend was too small to be determined. Calculations of the heat flux during winter in the Labrador Sea region of deep convection showed that if the freshening continues at the present rate, in about 31 years the cooling heat flux in water will not be able to overcome the freshwater near-surface buoyancy and deep convection will cease.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Sangmanee_fsu_0071E_13961_P
Format: Set of related objects

Title: Testing for the Equality of Two Distributions on High Dimensional Object Spaces and Nonparametric Inference for Location Parameters.
Creator: Guo, Ruite, Patrangenaru, Victor, Mio, Washington, Barbu, Adrian G. (Adrian Gheorghe), Bradley, Jonathan R., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department...
Show moreGuo, Ruite, Patrangenaru, Victor, Mio, Washington, Barbu, Adrian G. (Adrian Gheorghe), Bradley, Jonathan R., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Statistics
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Abstract/Description: Our view is that while some of the basic principles of data analysis are going to remain unchanged, others are to be gradually replaced with Geometry and Topology methods. Linear methods are still making sense for functional data analysis, or in the context of tangent bundles of object spaces. Complex nonstandard data is represented on object spaces. An object space admitting a manifold stratification may be embedded in an Euclidean space. One defines the extrinsic energy distance associated...
Show moreOur view is that while some of the basic principles of data analysis are going to remain unchanged, others are to be gradually replaced with Geometry and Topology methods. Linear methods are still making sense for functional data analysis, or in the context of tangent bundles of object spaces. Complex nonstandard data is represented on object spaces. An object space admitting a manifold stratification may be embedded in an Euclidean space. One defines the extrinsic energy distance associated with two probability measures on an arbitrary object space embedded in a numerical space, and one introduces an extrinsic energy statistic to test for homogeneity of distributions of two random objects (r.o.'s) on such an object space. This test is validated via a simulation example on the Kendall space of planar k-ads with a Veronese-Whitney (VW) embedding. One considers an application to medical imaging, to test for the homogeneity of the distributions of Kendall shapes of the midsections of the Corpus Callosum in a clinically normal population vs a population of ADHD diagnosed individuals. Surprisingly, due to the high dimensionality, these distributions are not significantly different, although they are known to have highly significant VW-means. New spread and location parameters are to be added to reflect the nontrivial topology of certain object spaces. TDA is going to be adapted to object spaces, and hypothesis testing for distributions is going to be based on extrinsic energy methods. For a random point on an object space embedded in an Euclidean space, the mean vector cannot be represented as a point on that space, except for the case when the embedded space is convex. To address this misgiving, since the mean vector is the minimizer of the expected square distance, following Frechet (1948), on an embedded compact object space, one may consider both minimizers and maximizers of the expected square distance to a given point on the embedded object space as mean, respectively anti-mean of the random point. Of all distances on an object space, one considers here the chord distance associated with the embedding of the object space, since for such distances one can give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a unique Frechet mean (respectively Frechet anti-mean). For such distributions these location parameters are called extrinsic mean (respectively extrinsic anti-mean), and the corresponding sample statistics are consistent estimators of their population counterparts. Moreover around the extrinsic mean ( anti-mean ) located at a smooth point, one derives the limit distribution of such estimators.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Guo_fsu_0071E_13977
Format: Thesis

Title: Visualization Study of Thermal Counterflow Turbulence in Superfluid 4He.
Creator: Gao, Jian, Guo, Wei (Professor of Mechanical Engineering), Li, Hui, Collins, Emmanuel G., Taira, Kunihiko, Pamidi, Sastry V., Florida State University, FAMU-FSU College of...
Show moreGao, Jian, Guo, Wei (Professor of Mechanical Engineering), Li, Hui, Collins, Emmanuel G., Taira, Kunihiko, Pamidi, Sastry V., Florida State University, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Abstract/Description: Superfluid 4He (He II) has been widely used as a coolant material in many engineering applications. Its unique heat transfer mode is the so-called thermal counterflow. The study of thermal counterflow will contribute to the design of He II based cooling devices and our understanding of quantum turbulence. However, due to the lack of effective visualization and velocimetry techniques, studying the fluid dynamics in superfluid 4He is very challenging. In this dissertation, we discussed the...
Show moreSuperfluid 4He (He II) has been widely used as a coolant material in many engineering applications. Its unique heat transfer mode is the so-called thermal counterflow. The study of thermal counterflow will contribute to the design of He II based cooling devices and our understanding of quantum turbulence. However, due to the lack of effective visualization and velocimetry techniques, studying the fluid dynamics in superfluid 4He is very challenging. In this dissertation, we discussed the development of a novel flow-visualization technique in He II based on the generation and imaging of thin lines of metastable tracer molecules. These molecular tracers are created via femtosecond-laser field-ionization of helium atoms and can be imaged using a laser-induced fluorescence technique. In steady state thermal counterflow measurement, we demonstrated that such tracer molecules are entrained by the normal fluid component. We revealed for the first time a laminar to turbulent transition in the normal fluid component. We found that the profile of the normal fluid in the laminar flow can exhibit quite different velocity profile compared to the laminar Poiseuille profile of classical fluid in a channel. In the turbulent flow state, the turbulence intensity is found to be much higher than that in classical channel flow. This turbulence intensity appears to depend primarily on temperature. We also found that the form of the second order transverse structure function deviates more strongly from that found in classical turbulence as the steady state heat flux increases, suggesting novel energy spectrum. In decaying counterflow turbulence, we studied the normal fluid flow via flow visualization and measured the quantized vortex line density using 2nd sound attenuation. Comparing the decay behavior of both fluids, we were able to produce a theoretical model to explain the puzzling decay behavior of the vortices. We were also able to determine the effective kinematic viscosity in a wide temperature range. Some preliminary results in the study of decaying grid turbulence were obtained, which allows us to examine the intermittent behavior of superfluid turbulence.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Gao_fsu_0071E_13828
Format: Thesis

Title: Statistical Analysis of Karst Aquifer Pollution, Karst Flow Model Validation at Laboratory Scale, and Development of Seepage Meter.
Creator: Castro, Roger Benito Pacheco, Ye, Ming (Professor of scientific computing), Chen, Gang, Wang, Xiaoming, Moore, M. Nicholas J. (Matthew Nicholas J.), Quaife, Bryan, Florida State...
Show moreCastro, Roger Benito Pacheco, Ye, Ming (Professor of scientific computing), Chen, Gang, Wang, Xiaoming, Moore, M. Nicholas J. (Matthew Nicholas J.), Quaife, Bryan, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Program in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
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Abstract/Description: Karst aquifers are vulnerable to contamination, as conduits and fractures in the aquifers are preferential flow paths where contaminants move fast. On the other hand, the presence of conduits and fractures make groundwater modeling for karst aquifer a challenge. This dissertation addresses several important issues related to groundwater contamination, numerical modeling, and equipment development with potential applications in karst. In Chapter 2, I discuss groundwater contamination in the...
Show moreKarst aquifers are vulnerable to contamination, as conduits and fractures in the aquifers are preferential flow paths where contaminants move fast. On the other hand, the presence of conduits and fractures make groundwater modeling for karst aquifer a challenge. This dissertation addresses several important issues related to groundwater contamination, numerical modeling, and equipment development with potential applications in karst. In Chapter 2, I discuss groundwater contamination in the karst aquifer of Yucatan, which is the only source of drinking water for the population of Yucatan but groundwater in the top of the aquifer has been polluted and cannot be used for human consumption. I developed a new statistical method to analyze temporal and spatial variation of groundwater quality in the aquifer. By using this method, I identified the factors that cause temporal and spatial changes in the groundwater quality as well as the zones of influence. The spatial changes are caused by the following factors: interaction between groundwater and matrix rock, distribution of precipitation, seawater intrusion, mixture of water rich in sulfates, and human pollution in two zones within the study area. The temporal variation is caused by changes in the amount and distribution of precipitation. The new method proves to be important for deriving information about the temporal and spatial processes affecting groundwater quality. Chapter 3 is focused on validating the MODFLOW CFP M1 model developed by the U.S. Geological Survey for simulating groundwater flow in karst aquifers. The model validation process is important to build confidence for using the model. I was interested in quantifying to what extent the model can accurately simulate groundwater flow in karst conduit and surrounding porous media, in other words, if the equation used to simulate the flow exchange between karst conduits and surrounding porous media was suitable for this experiment. The model validation was done using results of lab experiments. A sandbox lab device was developed to understand three-dimensional (3-D) groundwater flow in a confined karst aquifer with a conduit in the middle of the aquifer. Thirteen lab experiments were performed. Hydraulic heads and flow rates of the conduit and surrounding sand were measured. I used three experimental results to calibrate the roughness of the conduit, hydraulic conductivity of the sand surrounding the conduit, and a coefficient used by MODFLOW CFP M1 for simulating the flow exchange. Using the calibrated model, I evaluated the estimated errors (the difference between model simulations and the corresponding data) along with the 95% confidence intervals for the true error. The errors were calculated for flow rates at the inflow and outflow of the sandbox and the heads in the porous media. The confidence intervals consider measurement error, model calibration error, parameter uncertainty, and propagation of the measurement error in the boundary conditions. The results of model calibration and validation showed that the magnitude of the error was highly correlated with the magnitude of measured flow exchange, indicating that MODFLOW CFP M1 cannot adequately capture the physics of the flow exchange. Therefore, MODFLOW CFP M1 is valid when the flow exchange is small but invalid otherwise for this sandbox experiment. In Chapter 4, I developed a seepage meter to measure groundwater seepage from groundwater to surface waterbodies such as a lake. I was interested in verifying the accuracy of an analytic solution, which estimates the seepage through the bottom of a lake, using measurements from a sandbox experiment. However, existing methods were not useful in this case because of the small scale. Therefore, I proposed a new seepage meter useful for this case. The proposed seepage meter can be used to estimate the hydraulic conductivity as well. Therefore, I tested: (1) the accuracy of the seepage meter using a Darcy column, and (2) the accuracy of the analytic solution using a MODFLOW model and seepage measurements from a sandbox. This sandbox represents an unconfined aquifer with groundwater discharge into a lake. The new seepage meter consists of a cylinder inserted into the lake bed. The groundwater seepage is directed first to the cylinder and then to an external reservoir where seepage measurements are made. The laboratory results show that the seepage meter can be used to measure seepage for the laboratory experiment. However, more tests are needed to further evaluate the accuracy of the seepage meter. The numerical results show that the analytic solution is a good approximation for seepage estimation. Chapter 5 discusses the conclusions of my dissertation research and the research in future studies.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_PachecoCastro_fsu_0071E_14073
Format: Thesis

Title: Well-Being Amenities in the Corporate Urban Campus.
Creator: Osborne, Anna Lorraine, Huber, Amy M., Dawkins, Jim (James D.), Ransdell, Marlo E., Florida State University, College of Fine Arts, Department of Interior Design
Abstract/Description: To improve employee well-being, reduce healthcare costs, and meet the desires of a younger workforce, this study used frameworks of holistic wellness to identify which well-being amenities, services, and programs (i.e. those aimed at encouraging healthy behaviors) are valued by urban campus employees and what influential factors encourage their utilization. To enhance employee well-being and reduce healthcare costs many companies have adopted wellness programs which incorporate a myriad of...
Show moreTo improve employee well-being, reduce healthcare costs, and meet the desires of a younger workforce, this study used frameworks of holistic wellness to identify which well-being amenities, services, and programs (i.e. those aimed at encouraging healthy behaviors) are valued by urban campus employees and what influential factors encourage their utilization. To enhance employee well-being and reduce healthcare costs many companies have adopted wellness programs which incorporate a myriad of programs, services, and amenities for the purpose of improving health. Yet, according to the research organization, RAND (2014), participation rates are low (20% to 40%) while reasons for this remain unclear. Literature has identified obesity, lack of physical activity (PA) and stress management as the leading health concerns within the current workplace (Hallal, Andersen, Bull, Guthold & Hanskell, 2012; Makrides, Heath, Farquharson & Veinot, 2007). In order to align potential amenities aimed at improving such health conditions, the author studied amenity types and organized them accordingly based upon the International Facility Management Association’s amenity categorization (2012). By cross-comparing these health concerns to IFMA’s amenity categories, it was determined that Food & Refreshments, Fitness & Recreation, and Work-Life Balance appeared to have the highest potential to improve these health concerns. Thus, these three types of amenities were the focus of this study. At the same time, changing workforce demographics suggest a growing preference towards urban areas that offer access to public amenities, thus leading companies to rethink their office locations in hopes of attracting and retaining talent (Vogelmann, 2016). Yet, despite evidence suggesting the work environment plays an important role in achieving these goals, employers may forfeit desirable amenities when faced with acquiring real estate capable of supporting their staff within desirable, yet costly, urban locations. Consequently, urban campus employees are a demographic of growing importance, as their workplace environment typically offers close proximity to many amenities. As amenities have come to be viewed as a means to satisfy business objectives, understanding their role and effectiveness within the workplace may play an important role in improving employee wellness, and attracting and retaining talent. However, there is little empirical knowledge regarding which amenities employees’ value or which factors may influence their utilization. Therefore, this research study sought to determine the well-being amenities valued by corporate urban campus employees, and what factors play a role in their utilization.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Osborne_fsu_0071N_14113
Format: Thesis

Title: Structural Stability and Emergent Phases in Oxygen Deficient Complex Transition Metal Oxides.
Creator: Ghosh, Soham S., Manousakis, Efstratios, Shatruk, Mykhailo, Bonesteel, N. E., Roberts, Winston, Van Winkle, David, Flaherty, Francis A., Florida State University, College of...
Show moreGhosh, Soham S., Manousakis, Efstratios, Shatruk, Mykhailo, Bonesteel, N. E., Roberts, Winston, Van Winkle, David, Flaherty, Francis A., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics
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Abstract/Description: This dissertation is a theoretical and computational examination of structural, electronic and magnetic properties of complex transition metal oxide structures. Our work is motivated by experimental observations that transition metal oxides manifest novel properties at surfaces and interfaces that are absent in bulk, and that there exist competing ground states driven by off-stoichiometry, oxygen vacancy and reduction of symmetry. We examine these properties using density functional theory ...
Show moreThis dissertation is a theoretical and computational examination of structural, electronic and magnetic properties of complex transition metal oxide structures. Our work is motivated by experimental observations that transition metal oxides manifest novel properties at surfaces and interfaces that are absent in bulk, and that there exist competing ground states driven by off-stoichiometry, oxygen vacancy and reduction of symmetry. We examine these properties using density functional theory (DFT) within the spin-generalized gradient approximation (Spin-GGA) along with the application of a Hubbard U (GGA + U). We present our detailed results for the following systems: oxygen deficient strontium titanate surface, strontium ruthenate interfaced with ruthenium metal inclusions, and ytterbium titanate with Yb "stuffing". In the course of our work, we cover materials with 3d, 4d and 4f band characters, each of which have different band masses, electron-electron correlations and spin-orbit coupling (SOC) strength. We investigate the role of surface termination, oxygen vacancy doping and cation "stuffing" defects in these metal-oxides and show the emergence of novel properties consistent with experimentally acquired information and possible applications. We conclude by presenting implications for further work.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Ghosh_fsu_0071E_13962
Format: Thesis

Title: Using Radar-Derived Parameters to Develop Probabilistic Guidance for Lightning Cessation within Isolated Convection near Cape Canaveral, Florida.
Creator: Patton, Joseph Ray, Fuelberg, Henry E., Hart, Robert E. (Robert Edward), Chagnon, Jeffery M., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean,...
Show morePatton, Joseph Ray, Fuelberg, Henry E., Hart, Robert E. (Robert Edward), Chagnon, Jeffery M., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science
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Abstract/Description: Almost daily summer time thunderstorms in central Florida frequently halt outdoor operations, requiring that one wait some prescribed time after an observed lightning flash to safely resume activities. This is an especially important problem for the U.S. Air Force’s 45th Weather Squadron (45WS). Prior research suggests that these wait times might be safely shortened by observing reflectivity values and hydrometeor type with radar to safely predict that lightning has ended for a particular...
Show moreAlmost daily summer time thunderstorms in central Florida frequently halt outdoor operations, requiring that one wait some prescribed time after an observed lightning flash to safely resume activities. This is an especially important problem for the U.S. Air Force’s 45th Weather Squadron (45WS). Prior research suggests that these wait times might be safely shortened by observing reflectivity values and hydrometeor type with radar to safely predict that lightning has ended for a particular isolated thunderstorm. The main goal of this study was to create a usable operational tool that would create probabilistic guidance for the 45WS to use for determining total lightning cessation for isolated storms. The study analyzed dual-polarized radar data from isolated thunderstorms to develop probabilistic lightning cessation guidance for the 45WS. We tracked 184 isolated storms in central Florida at 1 min intervals using radar and lightning detection systems including radar reflectivity and hydrometeor classification at isothermal levels. For each isolated storm we investigated its maximum reflectivity and graupel presence at the 0, -5, -10, -15, and -20°C levels and composite (maximum) reflectivity. A random sample of all the 1 min interval data was used to train a generalized linear model (GLM) to make a probabilistic prediction that cessation had occurred. The GLM revealed that the most statistically significant predictors for lightning cessation were maximum reflectivity at the composite and 0 °C levels along with graupel presence at the -5, -10, -15, and -20°C levels. The GLM was trained with 1000 random samples of minutes to bootstrap the results, with the median values of the final set of predictor coefficients used to calculate probabilities that cessation had occurred at that minute. Forecast verification statistics from another random sample of tracked minutes then were used to analyze the performance of the GLM with different probability thresholds (95.0%, 97.5%, and 99.0%) for determining lightning cessation. Applying this cessation guidance from our GLM as though the storms were occurring in real time revealed that only about 1% of the 184 storms in our data set had observed lightning after the GLM suggested cessation had already occurred, an event which would threaten life and property. Even the median of the most conservative probability threshold (99.0%) improved on the guidance currently being used by the 45WS, while the 95.0% probability guidance had a median wait time of just 9 min after cessation.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Patton_fsu_0071N_14100
Format: Thesis

Title: Simulation of Li-Ion Coin Cells Using COMSOL Multiphysics.
Creator: Chepyala, Seshuteja, Moss, Pedro L., Weatherspoon, Mark H., Andrei, Petru, Florida State University, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer...
Show moreChepyala, Seshuteja, Moss, Pedro L., Weatherspoon, Mark H., Andrei, Petru, Florida State University, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
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Abstract/Description: Lithium batteries have played an important role since early 1980’s to provide us with energy for small portable devices. Due to the increasing demand and limited availability of fossil fuels there is a need to shift to renewable energy. In this thesis, the fabrication procedure for the lithium ion coin cell is extensively analyzed. A brief introduction into the lithium ion battery is discussed, the physics and chemistry of the materials is explained. Emphasis is made on the importance of...
Show moreLithium batteries have played an important role since early 1980’s to provide us with energy for small portable devices. Due to the increasing demand and limited availability of fossil fuels there is a need to shift to renewable energy. In this thesis, the fabrication procedure for the lithium ion coin cell is extensively analyzed. A brief introduction into the lithium ion battery is discussed, the physics and chemistry of the materials is explained. Emphasis is made on the importance of calendaring an electrode. LiFePO4 was mixed with the Super P, PVDF and NMP at appropriate stoichiometric amounts and half coin cells were produced with the reference electrode as lithium foil. The effects of calendaring in terms of discharge capacity, density profile and ac impedance was analyzed. The resulting material sample were analyzed in two parts, Sample A was left as is and Sample B was calendared. The calendared electrode exhibited a lower impedance when observed with the impedance test. The calendared electrode exhibited a higher discharge capacity of about 162 mAh/g at C/10 rate when compared to the uncalendared electrode with a discharge capacity of about 152 mAh/g at C/10. The experimental results were than compared to the simulated model constructed in Comsol Multiphysics. The coin cell model in COMSOL was started with use of the existing model for cylindrical cells. The parameters and equations required for the setup were analyzed and discussed. The comparison of the experimental vs simulated results yielded some preliminary information. However, this work is still in progress, for building further models with different materials for the coin cells.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Chepyala_fsu_0071N_14110
Format: Thesis

Title: A Study on Semantic Relation Representations in Neural Word Embeddings.
Creator: Chen, Zhiwei, Liu, Xiuwen, He, Zhe (Professor of Information Studies), Zhao, Peixiang, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Computer Science
Abstract/Description: Neural network based word embeddings have demonstrated outstanding results in a variety of tasks, and become a standard input for Natural Language Processing (NLP) related deep learning methods. Despite these representations are able to capture semantic regularities in languages, some general questions, e.g., "what kinds of semantic relations do the embeddings represent?" and "how could the semantic relations be retrieved from an embedding?" are not clear and very little relevant work has...
Show moreNeural network based word embeddings have demonstrated outstanding results in a variety of tasks, and become a standard input for Natural Language Processing (NLP) related deep learning methods. Despite these representations are able to capture semantic regularities in languages, some general questions, e.g., "what kinds of semantic relations do the embeddings represent?" and "how could the semantic relations be retrieved from an embedding?" are not clear and very little relevant work has been done. In this study, we propose a new approach to exploring the semantic relations represented in neural embeddings based on WordNet and Unified Medical Language System (UMLS). Our study demonstrates that neural embeddings do prefer some semantic relations and that the neural embeddings also represent diverse semantic relations. Our study also finds that the Named Entity Recognition (NER)-based phrase composition outperforms Word2phrase and the word variants do not affect the performance on analogy and semantic relation tasks.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Chen_fsu_0071N_14103
Format: Thesis

Title: Sergei Rudnev and a Discussion of Selected Works from the Russian Collection Volume III.
Creator: Stuart, Morgan David, Holzman, Bruce, Clendinning, Jane Piper, Sauer, Greg, Punter, Melanie L., Florida State University, College of Music
Abstract/Description: Sergei Rudnev’s collection of Russian folk songs arranged for the classical guitar provide an opportunity for musicians to learn about rural and urban Russian folk songs. Russian guitarists are well-aware of Rudnev both for his classical guitar compositions and for being a great performer. His pieces are performed often in recitals and competitions in Russia. Rudnev is even considered a “national treasure”, yet his popularity in the west is not comparable. The most well-known piece is The Old...
Show moreSergei Rudnev’s collection of Russian folk songs arranged for the classical guitar provide an opportunity for musicians to learn about rural and urban Russian folk songs. Russian guitarists are well-aware of Rudnev both for his classical guitar compositions and for being a great performer. His pieces are performed often in recitals and competitions in Russia. Rudnev is even considered a “national treasure”, yet his popularity in the west is not comparable. The most well-known piece is The Old-Lime Tree, yet others within The Russian Collection Volume III deserve just as much attention. I have chosen to write this treatise on three of the pieces that I performed for my Doctoral Lecture Recital: The Wanderer’s Song, The Old-Lime Tree, and The Snowball Tree. I have also included a fourth piece, Dance Song, to represent the faster folk-dance styles. These four pieces represent some of the different genres of urban and rural Russian folk songs found within the collection. This treatise is meant to be used as a helpful resource for those guitarists seeking additional information on the works found in The Russian Collection Vol. III. Along with my discussion of the pieces, I will also include a short biography of Sergei Rudnev, as well as the series editor, Matanya Ophee. I was fortunate enough to come across Rudnev’s email address by means of a correspondence with the 2012 Guitar Foundation of America winner, Rovshan Mamedkuliev. I then conducted an interview with Rudnev and have included it in this treatise. The only problem that I encountered with interviewing Rudnev was that he only spoke Russian. I was fortunate enough to find a translator that would work within my budget, and Rudnev was incredibly kind and willing to be interviewed. The entire email correspondence will be included in both Russian and English in this treatise.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Stuart_fsu_0071E_13815
Format: Thesis

Title: Why Dominant Individuals Cooperate — Fitness Consequences of Cooperative Courtship in a System with Variable Cooperative Display Coalitions.
Creator: Jones, Megan Anlis, DuVal, Emily H., Mesterton-Gibbons, Mike, Hughes, Kimberly A., Houle, David C., Steppan, Scott J., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences,...
Show moreJones, Megan Anlis, DuVal, Emily H., Mesterton-Gibbons, Mike, Hughes, Kimberly A., Houle, David C., Steppan, Scott J., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biological Science
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Abstract/Description: Understanding the evolution of cooperative behaviors is a major goal of evolutionary biology, but the majority of research in this field has focused on why helpers assist others. Helpers’ reproductive costs introduce a clear paradox to our understanding of natural selection as helpers in cooperative systems apparently sacrifice reproductive opportunities to increase others’ fitness. This puzzle in cooperative behaviors has led to significant advances in our understanding of indirect and...
Show moreUnderstanding the evolution of cooperative behaviors is a major goal of evolutionary biology, but the majority of research in this field has focused on why helpers assist others. Helpers’ reproductive costs introduce a clear paradox to our understanding of natural selection as helpers in cooperative systems apparently sacrifice reproductive opportunities to increase others’ fitness. This puzzle in cooperative behaviors has led to significant advances in our understanding of indirect and delayed fitness benefits for helpers. However, as cooperation results from the interaction of individuals that may have very different incentives for participation it is equally important to understand whether and how cooperation benefits the dominant recipients of this help. There has been relatively little attention paid to why the recipient of the apparent help participates in the cooperative relationship, in part because the advantage to the dominant individual seems apparent in many systems. Existing work reveals a variety of potential benefits for dominant individuals and that the benefits for dominants may be less obvious than assumed. To date investigations into costs and benefits of cooperation to dominant individuals have been largely limited to cooperative breeding behavior. My dissertation research investigates the fitness consequences of cooperative courtship display for dominant individuals, in the White-ruffed Manakin, Corapipo altera. Manakins (Aves: Pipridae) are small, primarily lekking passerines, and, in some species, males cooperate in their courtship displays. Previous work on manakin cooperative display behavior has focused on benefits to subordinate males. The fitness consequences of cooperation for dominant individuals has not yet addressed in a system with variation in cooperative strategies. I found strong evidence of cooperation among male C. altera. I also found that, within a single population of C. altera on the Atlantic slope of Costa Rica, some males participate in coordinated display with other males (45.4±20% were classified as cooperative in any given year), while other males appear to only display singly. My dissertation research investigated the causes and consequences of cooperation by dominant C. altera males by quantifying aspects of the males' fitness including how inclusive fitness benefits may facilitate the maintenance of cooperative display coalitions and the consequences of cooperative display coalitions for males’ annual reproductive success, survival, and social status — important parts of lifetime fitness for long-lived, iteroparous species including C. altera. I found that cooperative males were not more closely related than expected at random from the population. Males that cooperated did not have higher annual reproductive success than males that displayed solo nor was there a significant difference in the frequency of copulations after a solo courtship display and a courtship display by multiple males. In a survival analysis, cooperation did not significantly affect the survival of dominant males. There was no consistent pattern of cooperation (or non-cooperation) among males across their tenure as dominant male: some were always cooperative, some always non-cooperative, but many males with multi-year tenures switched between cooperative and non-cooperative statuses. However, more males than expected employed strictly solo strategies across their tenure as dominant individuals, given the population-wide rates of survival and cooperation. The degree to which males cooperated, defined as the proportion of tenure classified as cooperative, was unrelated to variation in lifespan or length of tenure as a dominant male. Additionally, the proportion of total tenure classified as cooperative did not explain the patterns of lifetime reproductive success. Together, these results reject the hypotheses that dominant males in cooperative partnerships gain indirect or direct fitness benefits from their associations with subordinate males. Seeking to understand processes underlying patterns of fitness consequences from cooperative behaviors, I conducted three experiments to determine if males at sites where the dominant male was cooperative were faster or more intense in their response to an experimental stimulus. Cooperative males were not faster to respond to a female at the display site nor were they faster to respond to the vocalization of an unknown male conspecific at the display site. Cooperative males were not significantly more likely to respond to a predator model, however, they were significantly more likely to spend time near the snake and lizard models. There could be benefit of sociality in the detection of terrestrial predators. This research addresses previously unexplored aspects of cooperative courtship display, and therefore represents a significant contribution to the more general understanding of the costs and benefits of cooperation. The variation in the amount of cooperation expressed by different individuals of this species offers a unique opportunity to separate the fitness consequences of cooperation by comparing differences in success not only among individuals, but also those among displays in different cooperative contexts by the same individual.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Jones_fsu_0071E_13625
Format: Thesis

Title: Uncertainty Analysis of Multifunctional Constitutive Relations and Adaptive Structures.
Creator: Miles, Paul R., Oates, William, Hussaini, M. Yousuff, Zeng, Changchun (Chad), Taira, Kunihiko, Lin, Shangchao, Smith, Ralph C., Florida State University, College of Engineering,...
Show moreMiles, Paul R., Oates, William, Hussaini, M. Yousuff, Zeng, Changchun (Chad), Taira, Kunihiko, Lin, Shangchao, Smith, Ralph C., Florida State University, College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Abstract/Description: Practically all engineering applications require knowledge of uncertainty. Accurately quantifying uncertainty within engineering problems supports model development, potentially leading to identification of key risk factors or cost reductions. Often the full problem requires modeling behavior of materials or structures from the quantum scale all the way up to the macroscopic scale. Predicting such behavior can be extremely complex, and uncertainty in modeling is often increased due to...
Show morePractically all engineering applications require knowledge of uncertainty. Accurately quantifying uncertainty within engineering problems supports model development, potentially leading to identification of key risk factors or cost reductions. Often the full problem requires modeling behavior of materials or structures from the quantum scale all the way up to the macroscopic scale. Predicting such behavior can be extremely complex, and uncertainty in modeling is often increased due to necessary assumptions. We plan to demonstrate the benefits of performing uncertainty analysis on engineering problems, specifically in the development of constitutive relations and structural analysis of smart materials and adaptive structures. This will be highlighted by a discussion of ferroelectric materials and their domain structure interaction, as well as dielectric elastomers’ viscoelastic and electrostrictive properties.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Miles_fsu_0071E_14033
Format: Thesis

Title: A Study of Music Composed for and Dedicated to Bass Trombonist Ben Van Dijk.
Creator: Jennings, Brian Lindberg, Drew, John Robert, Clary, Richard, Ebbers, Paul D., Moore, Christopher, Florida State University, College of Music
Abstract/Description: Ben Van Dijk is an active performer in The Netherlands in several professional ensembles, and is also on faculty at the Amsterdam Conservatory as one of seven classical trombone professors. The list of works composed for Ben has grown to more than twenty-five, and more are still being written. Recent years have witnessed Ben Van Dijk’s popularity growing through appearances at international venues, and this has continued to encourage the composition of music for him. A helpful method of...
Show moreBen Van Dijk is an active performer in The Netherlands in several professional ensembles, and is also on faculty at the Amsterdam Conservatory as one of seven classical trombone professors. The list of works composed for Ben has grown to more than twenty-five, and more are still being written. Recent years have witnessed Ben Van Dijk’s popularity growing through appearances at international venues, and this has continued to encourage the composition of music for him. A helpful method of expounding further on the repertoire composed for Ben is through the medium of lecture recitals. The research for these recitals was conducted primarily through email and telephone conversations with the composers and Ben Van Dijk, and yielded circumstantial and anecdotal information regarding the pieces of music. The composers’ and Ben’s websites were also helpful resources in learning about their lives and careers. The result of this research was two public lecture recitals. The first gave an overview of every work that had been written for Van Dijk at the time, and the second recital focused on just one piece of music, Canticles for Bass Trombone.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Jennings_fsu_0071E_14054
Format: Thesis

Title: String Teachers' Perceptions of Inclusion of Students with Autism in Classroom Settings.
Creator: Chang, Annalisa Chie, Bugaj, Kasia, Madsen, Clifford K., Jiménez, Alexander, VanWeelden, Kimberly D., Florida State University, College of Music
Abstract/Description: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), or autism, refers to a group of neurological disorders. At the most recent estimate, the Center for Disease Control estimated that 1 child in 68 has an autism diagnosis. Though research has shown music to be an effective intervention in therapy settings for students with ASD, little research has been done with respect to inclusion in instrumental classroom settings. The present study sought to examine string teachers’ perceptions of inclusion of students with...
Show moreAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), or autism, refers to a group of neurological disorders. At the most recent estimate, the Center for Disease Control estimated that 1 child in 68 has an autism diagnosis. Though research has shown music to be an effective intervention in therapy settings for students with ASD, little research has been done with respect to inclusion in instrumental classroom settings. The present study sought to examine string teachers’ perceptions of inclusion of students with ASD in classroom settings. Fifty-one classroom string and orchestra teachers served as participants for this study. This study was conducted in two phases. Phase I consisted of a survey where teachers were asked to respond to statements using a 5-point Likert-type scale. Phase II consisted of e-mail based interviews of small portion (n = 11) self-selected participants. Results of this study revealed that many string teachers responded with overall positive perceptions of inclusion of students with ASD. Results also revealed that there appeared to be no significant relationship between years of experience and perceptions of successful inclusion, and no significant relationship between level of education and perceptions of successful inclusion.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Chang_fsu_0071E_13921
Format: Thesis

Title: Building the Capacity of Capacity Builders: A Mixed Methods Study of Nonprofit Resource Centers.
Creator: Hinkel-Young, Sarah Lynn, Brower, Ralph S., Padavic, Irene, Berlan, David Gregory, Berry, Frances Stokes, Florida State University, College of Social Sciences and Public Policy,...
Show moreHinkel-Young, Sarah Lynn, Brower, Ralph S., Padavic, Irene, Berlan, David Gregory, Berry, Frances Stokes, Florida State University, College of Social Sciences and Public Policy, School of Public Administration and Policy
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Abstract/Description: In this study, I employed a mixed-method design to understand how nonprofit resource centers originate, operate, and evolve using a transaction cost framework to evaluate both sides of the supply vs. demand equation. The quantitative study of 125 nonprofits identified and assessed demand side factors of need, benefits and barriers. This study found that nonprofit resource centers can structure their agency design to enhance likelihood of survival. The national qualitative study of 25...
Show moreIn this study, I employed a mixed-method design to understand how nonprofit resource centers originate, operate, and evolve using a transaction cost framework to evaluate both sides of the supply vs. demand equation. The quantitative study of 125 nonprofits identified and assessed demand side factors of need, benefits and barriers. This study found that nonprofit resource centers can structure their agency design to enhance likelihood of survival. The national qualitative study of 25 nonprofit resource centers found that supply side factors of leadership, funding, and stakeholder engagement were more significant to organizational development and progression through the life cycle model. This study initially undertook an inductive approach to assess these organizations’ dynamically evolving identities as they transitioned through the nonprofit life cycle stages. A relationship between life cycle stage and organizational identity was established based on common drivers. A theoretical typology of power, autonomy and organizational development was postulated.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_HinkelYoung_fsu_0071E_13792
Format: Thesis

Title: Blue-Skinned Gods a Novel.
Creator: Sathiyaseelan, Sinduja, Winegardner, Mark, Keel, Pamela K., Stuckey-French, Elizabeth, Horack, Skip, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
Abstract/Description: Blue-Skinned Gods follows the story of Kalki, a young boy who is worshipped by a Hindu cult as the next and last incarnation of the god Vishnu. In the narrative’s substantial revision, I will utilize a dualistic time structure—one timeline in the past, when Kalki the child first starts to doubt his own divinity, and one timeline in the present moment, when a twenty-two-year-old Kalki runs away while visiting New York City and tries to discover who he really is. In the arc of the novel, Kalki...
Show moreBlue-Skinned Gods follows the story of Kalki, a young boy who is worshipped by a Hindu cult as the next and last incarnation of the god Vishnu. In the narrative’s substantial revision, I will utilize a dualistic time structure—one timeline in the past, when Kalki the child first starts to doubt his own divinity, and one timeline in the present moment, when a twenty-two-year-old Kalki runs away while visiting New York City and tries to discover who he really is. In the arc of the novel, Kalki starts out believing himself a real god incarnate. The book traces his dawning recognition of his own humanness, and his dilemma in figuring out how to have hope after he loses his faith.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Sathiyaseelan_fsu_0071E_13992
Format: Thesis

Title: Creating New Spectator Sport Markets: How Sport Managers and Scientists Conceive and Configure Demand.
Creator: McLeod, Christopher M., Newman, Joshua I., Holcombe, Randall G., James, Jeffrey D. (Jeffrey Dalton), Giardina, Michael D., Florida State University, College of Education,...
Show moreMcLeod, Christopher M., Newman, Joshua I., Holcombe, Randall G., James, Jeffrey D. (Jeffrey Dalton), Giardina, Michael D., Florida State University, College of Education, Department of Sport Management
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Abstract/Description: Sport management researchers have not studied sport markets, despite their importance to the discipline. In this dissertation, I report on two ethnographic case studies where I worked with new sport organizations to design and conduct market research. Working in this capacity, I observed how sport management practitioners conceive of and create markets. The results add to Michel Callon’s performation program for market studies as well as his and Bruno Latour’s Actor-Network Theory. Callon...
Show moreSport management researchers have not studied sport markets, despite their importance to the discipline. In this dissertation, I report on two ethnographic case studies where I worked with new sport organizations to design and conduct market research. Working in this capacity, I observed how sport management practitioners conceive of and create markets. The results add to Michel Callon’s performation program for market studies as well as his and Bruno Latour’s Actor-Network Theory. Callon argued that economists and other market scientists make markets with their theories. This performational relationship holds for marketers, practitioners, workers, consumers, and all who take it on themselves to configure markets—the implication is that markets may be formatted innumerable ways. Thus, the valid question is not the existence of markets, or their essence, spread, or domination, but their design and, therefore, the strategies for intervention. I use a case study of a failed market research project with New Rugby and a case study of a successful market research project with City FC to show six moments of performation: 1) actionable distinctions (practitioners’ pragmatic definitions); 2) translations and reverse translations (changing another’s interests to be commensurable with one’s own); 3) enrollments (the result of a successful translation); 4) concessions (changing a statement or interest to accommodate new actors); 5) chains of reference (entities linked via mediators that transport parts of each entity to the next in line), and; 6) managerial implications (the form market statements take in market-ing practice). I describe how employees of City FC adopted sport management research, namely the Psychological Continuum Model (Funk & James, 2001; 2006), and use this example to show how sport marketing theories successfully, if weakly, performate sport markets. I also describe how various actors used market research to conceive of a market for City FC prior to and during the inaugural season. Using this and other empirical material, I devise a model for sport market development whereby organizations use actors internal to their network to create markets; they then use these markets to translate various internal and external actors, such as league commissioners, city officials, and squabbling industry experts, but also attendees, consumers, and other groups in the city. These findings show that demand markets in sport are material achievements that marketers and sociologists need to study as a type of civil engineering.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_McLeod_fsu_0071E_14010
Format: Thesis

Title: Elucidating the Molecular Etiology of Levodopa Responsive Dystonia.
Creator: Jones, Lataisia C. (Cherie'), Bhide, Pradeep, Fadool, Debra Ann, Nowakowski, Richard S., Flynn, Heather A., Gunjan, Akash, Florida State University, College of Medicine,...
Show moreJones, Lataisia C. (Cherie'), Bhide, Pradeep, Fadool, Debra Ann, Nowakowski, Richard S., Flynn, Heather A., Gunjan, Akash, Florida State University, College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences
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Abstract/Description: My research is designed to test the hypothesis that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in the non-coding region of the GCH1 gene suppresses GCH1 mRNA translation and generates a novel peptide, and that both of these phenomena contribute to downregulation of the dopamine synthesis pathways. The GCH1 gene codes for the protein guanosine triphosphate (GTP) cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1), a key regulator of dopamine synthesis. I focused on a SNP resulting from substitution of a cytosine (C) with...
Show moreMy research is designed to test the hypothesis that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in the non-coding region of the GCH1 gene suppresses GCH1 mRNA translation and generates a novel peptide, and that both of these phenomena contribute to downregulation of the dopamine synthesis pathways. The GCH1 gene codes for the protein guanosine triphosphate (GTP) cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1), a key regulator of dopamine synthesis. I focused on a SNP resulting from substitution of a cytosine (C) with thymine (T) at location +142 (position from the transcription start site) in the 5’ untranslated region (UTR) of the GCH1 gene (+142C>T SNP), because it is associated with a heritable movement disorder and subtype of dystonia called DYT5. Thus, my research is designed to investigate molecular mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of DYT5. To test my hypothesis, I used an in vitro model in which human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells were transfected with cDNA for wild type GCH1, GCH1 containing the +142C>T SNP sequence, or control sequences. Firefly luciferase (Fluc) reporter assays showed that the +142C>T SNP introduces an upstream open reading frame (uORF), which suppresses translation of GCH1. The reduced GCH1 translation fits well with the reduction in GCH1 protein and dopamine reported in DYT5. The uORF introduced by the +142C>T SNP is predicted to synthesize a 73 amino acid novel peptide, which I have named DRDp73. As a first step toward understanding the role of DRDp73 cellular function, I performed a bioinformatics analysis. This analysis predicted existence of a nuclear localization signal, a large “disordered” region and a nucleic acid binding alpha-helical domain in DRDp73 revealing interesting clues to DRDp73’s potential biological function. To test predictions provided by the bioinformatics analysis, I characterized the expression, subcellular localization and the impact of DRDp73 on cell viability. I used a custom-made DRDp73 antibody, and a commercially available GCH1 antibody to detect both of the proteins. I detected DRDp73 and GCH1 in HEK293T cells overexpressing the +142T GCH1 (GCH1 in DYT5) plasmid. However, GCH1 expression in these cells was significantly lower than that in HEK293T cells transfected with wildtype GCH1 plasmid. Since HEK293T cells divide rapidly, I predicted that DRDp73 is degraded and cleared during cellular division. Therefore, in additional studies, I inhibited the proteasome and autophagy pathways, key regulators of protein degradation. Under these circumstances, DRDp73 was localized to the nucleus, consistent with the predicted nuclear localization signal revealed by bioinformatics, and GCH1 was localized to the cytoplasm. In addition, viability of the HEK293T cells expressing DRDp73 was compromised. These findings confirmed that the +142C>T SNP is associated with generation of DRDp73, downregulation of GCH1 expression, and provided evidence that DRDp73 accumulation may adversely affect cell viability. The HEK293T cells do not synthesize dopamine, the neurotransmitter involved in motor function. Moreover, since the HEK293T cells divide rapidly, analysis of the long term effects of protein accumulation becomes difficult. Therefore, I used human origin SK-N-BE(2)-M17 (a twice sub-cloned cell line from the SK-N-BE (2) neuroblastoma cell line) and SH-SY5Y cells (third sub-clone of SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cell line). Both cell lines differentiate into non-dividing cells, express GCH1 and neuronal markers upon differentiation, and are excellent models of dopaminergic cells, such as the midbrain dopaminergic neurons affected in DYT5 dystonia. My data from SK-N-BE(2)-M17 and SH-SY5Y cells show that endogenous GCH1 protein is localized to the nucleus, cytoplasm and processes. In both types of cells transfected with the +142T GCH1 plasmid, DRDp73 also localizes to the nucleus, cytoplasm and processes. GCH1 expression is reduced in the nucleus in both neuroblastoma cells expressing DRDp73, and is found predominantly in the cytoplasm and processes. The dopamine biosynthetic pathway is compromised in DRDp73 expressing SK-N-BE(2)-M17 cells. Thus, the +142C>T SNP downregulated GCH1 expression and compromised dopamine biosynthesis in the neuronal-like cells. In the final set of studies, I analyzed GCH1 expression in lymphoblastoid cells from DYT5 patients. GCH1 expression was reduced in the patient-derived cells compared to that in cells from non-DYT5 individuals. In summary, my work identified dual consequences of DYT5-associated +142C>T SNP in the non-coding region of the GCH1 gene: Suppression of GCH1 translation, and production of the novel DRDp73 peptide. DRDp73 is a novel biomarker for DYT5, and the DRDp73 antibody is a potential novel diagnostic tool. My results expand current understanding of the SNP-uORF encoded proteins, and advances the field of SNP-uORF associated diseases by offering novel mechanistic and functional insights into SNP-uORF encoded peptides. My work also identifies future studies, for example using DYT5 patient derived cells, primary neuronal cultures and animal models that could significantly advance this emerging biomedical field.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Jones_fsu_0071E_14035
Format: Thesis

Title: The Circuit of Legacy Discourse: Mega-Events, Political Economy and the Beijing Olympic Games.
Creator: Pu, Haozhou, Giardina, Michael D., Proffitt, Jennifer M., Newman, Joshua I., James, Jeffrey D. (Jeffrey Dalton), Florida State University, College of Education, Department of...
Show morePu, Haozhou, Giardina, Michael D., Proffitt, Jennifer M., Newman, Joshua I., James, Jeffrey D. (Jeffrey Dalton), Florida State University, College of Education, Department of Sport Management
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Abstract/Description: The mega-event, or large-scale mass event, has held an enduring level of popular and political support in modern society since their creation in the late 19th century. In the current period of intense globalization, the importance placed on mega-events by national governments and global corporations has increased considerably—with hundreds of millions of dollars spent on both the bid process and the marketing, advertising, and branding of a given event. Mega-events also provide people with...
Show moreThe mega-event, or large-scale mass event, has held an enduring level of popular and political support in modern society since their creation in the late 19th century. In the current period of intense globalization, the importance placed on mega-events by national governments and global corporations has increased considerably—with hundreds of millions of dollars spent on both the bid process and the marketing, advertising, and branding of a given event. Mega-events also provide people with unique opportunities to participate in collective projects of urban regeneration, identity formation, and conspicuous consumption. This dissertation is situated within a focal area on the global phenomenon of sport mega-event. Here I draw from an interdisciplinary perspective to demystify the popular discourse on the even legacy and its related political economy implications associated with the two Olympic Games in Beijing. So far, legacy has been gaining wider currency vis-à-vis the hosting of mega-events, and there has been increased scholarly focus on related topics such as the governance, evaluation, and leveraging of legacy. In this dissertation, I examine legacy as both substantive element (e.g., urban renewal project & facility construction) and discursive discourse (e.g., the public pedagogy underpinning the circulation of certain ideological values and meanings). Being the first city ever to host both the Summer and Winter Olympics, the idea of fully capitalizing on the legacy of the previous 2008 Olympics for the future 2022 Winter Olympics has been repeatedly addressed by Beijing throughout the bidding and planning process thus far. A comprehensive evaluation of the legacy of the 2008 Olympics is beyond the remit of this project; however, by attending to the primary, publicly-promised legacies of the 2008 Olympics, an important context for post-2008 mega-events can be revealed. Thus, in this study, I consider numerous features of legacy discourse of the Olympic Games as sensitive indicators of shifting interests, power relations and ideologies at micro, meso, and macro levels in contemporary China. To do this, I structure my project within a modified “circuit of culture” model, which focuses on the articulations of interrelated moments of production, representation, and consumption (Hall, 1980; Johnson, 1986; du Gay et al., 1997). Such a framework thus provides a heuristic model to stress the situational particularities inscribing and deriving meanings and values in and through legacy discourse. As such, the analysis of each moment will be situated within a broader context of the post-2008 Olympics era and the correlative political economic landscape. In this project, I find legacy discourse as an evolving and dynamic concept that is both context-specific and influenced by multiple social actors. It is simultaneously ascribed with a variety of explicit or implicit political and economic interests. Grounded on qualitative analysis at the three moments of the circuit—representation, production and consumption—both commonalities and contradictions of the legacy discourse encountered and understood by different social groups (e.g., residents, government, and corporate) are identified. With regard to the popular legacy discourse of the 2022 Winter Olympics, an emerging neoliberal paradigm is further unveiled, which provides a viable arena to examine the political economy of sport mega-events in a post-2008 era and the associated interplays of market capitalism and state socialism in contemporary China, which have been in a state of transition. Based on the findings of this study, the appeal of mega-events to the state of China is not only underpinned by the pursuit of symbolic politics, it further entails a form of shock of spectacle that relies on the “dramatological” and “exceptional” features of modern mega-events to legitimate and further a broad spectrum of state agendas and policies (e.g., urban regeneration, economic growth, & environmental governance). Compared to the identity-politics-driven 2008 Summer Games, the legacy discourse surrounding the 2022 Winter Games is also found to be embodied with more complicated while explicit economic interests. And such economic interests are situated within an intimate interaction with consumerism, developmentalism, commercialism, with an emphasis on the rule of market. This marks a significant transition, as the previous nation-building function of the Olympic Games, appears to be complemented by, if not replaced by, a new market-building goal in the case of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. This study therefore contributes to an indigenous and more comprehensive understanding of sport mega-events in China, particularly the interactions between the global capitalism and local politics as manifest in the dynamic legacy discourse.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Pu_fsu_0071E_14041
Format: Thesis

Title: Effects of Embodied Interactions on Learning in a Kinect-Enabled Learning Environment.
Creator: Xu, Xinhao, Ke, Fengfeng, Erlebacher, Gordon, Shute, Valerie J. (Valerie Jean), Jeong, Allan C., Florida State University, College of Education, Department of Educational...
Show moreXu, Xinhao, Ke, Fengfeng, Erlebacher, Gordon, Shute, Valerie J. (Valerie Jean), Jeong, Allan C., Florida State University, College of Education, Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems
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Abstract/Description: Embodied interactions and learning have garnered a lot of interest among researchers and game designers in past years, especially with the recent development of consumer-level body sensory devices like the Microsoft Kinect. This study focused on examining whether embodied interactions, enabled by the Kinect, could lead to greater knowledge acquisition compared to traditional mouse-based interactions working with STEM-related (numeric systems) and language-related (Chinese character) learning...
Show moreEmbodied interactions and learning have garnered a lot of interest among researchers and game designers in past years, especially with the recent development of consumer-level body sensory devices like the Microsoft Kinect. This study focused on examining whether embodied interactions, enabled by the Kinect, could lead to greater knowledge acquisition compared to traditional mouse-based interactions working with STEM-related (numeric systems) and language-related (Chinese character) learning in a virtual learning environment for adult learners. Embodied cognition, body movements and learning, cognitive processing theories were discussed as a theoretical framework for this study. A 3D virtual learning environment was designed, in which learners could interact with the instructional materials through either their body movements, or a mouse. The study utilized an experimental, two-group, pre- and posttest design. The experimental group used the Kinect-enabled embodied interactions and the control group used the traditional mouse-based interactions during an on-site learning intervention. Fifty-three adult participants were recruited and randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. Scores from immediate posttest and delayed posttest between the two groups were compared with ANCOVA using pretest score as the covariate. Statistical results informed that embodied interactions enabled by the Kinect facilitated learning in numeric systems and Chinese characters for the participating adult learners. However, compared with the mouse interaction, the embodied interaction enabled by the Kinect did not lead to significantly better knowledge retention and application results in both immediate posttest and delayed posttest in numeric systems learning. And for Chinese characters learning, compared with the mouse interaction, the embodied interaction enabled by the Kinect did not lead to significantly better knowledge retention results in the immediate posttest either, but achieved significantly better performance in the delayed posttest. The study outcome implies that Kinect-based embodied interactions do not necessarily lead to better learning performances over traditional mouse-based interactions for adult learners. The performances may depend on subject areas, and at what time learners’ knowledge retrieval were evaluated. When designing computer-mediated learning modules, researchers and practitioners should not only look at the new technology and novel approaches to interacting with the computers, but also take the subject areas, learners, and time issues into consideration as well.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Xu_fsu_0071E_13994
Format: Thesis

Title: An Electrophysiological and Mathematical Modeling Study of Developmental and Sex Effects on Neurons of the Zebra Finch Song System.
Creator: Diaz, Diana Lissett Flores, Bertram, R. (Richard), Fadool, Debra Ann, Hyson, Richard L., Jain, Harsh Vardhan, Johnson, Frank (Professor of Psychology), Mio, Washington, Florida...
Show moreDiaz, Diana Lissett Flores, Bertram, R. (Richard), Fadool, Debra Ann, Hyson, Richard L., Jain, Harsh Vardhan, Johnson, Frank (Professor of Psychology), Mio, Washington, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Mathematics
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Abstract/Description: Learned motor patterns such as speaking, playing musical instruments and dancing require a defined sequence of movements. The mechanism of acquiring and perfecting these types of learned behaviors involve a highly complex neurological process not exclusive to humans. In fact, vocal learning in songbirds is a well-known model to study the neural basis of motor learning, particularly human speech acquisition. In this dissertation, I explored differences in the intrinsic physiology of vocal...
Show moreLearned motor patterns such as speaking, playing musical instruments and dancing require a defined sequence of movements. The mechanism of acquiring and perfecting these types of learned behaviors involve a highly complex neurological process not exclusive to humans. In fact, vocal learning in songbirds is a well-known model to study the neural basis of motor learning, particularly human speech acquisition. In this dissertation, I explored differences in the intrinsic physiology of vocal cortex neurons – which underlie song acquisition and production in the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) – as a function of age, sex, and experience using a combination of electrophysiology and mathematical modeling. Using three developmental time points in male zebra finches, Chapter 3 presents evidence of intrinsic plasticity in vocal cortex neurons during vocal learning. The experimental results in this chapter revealed age- and possibly learning-related changes in the physiology of these neurons, while the mathematical models suggest possible variations in both the expression and kinetics of several ion channels that cause the physiological changes. Exploiting the fact that male zebra finches exhibit auditory and vocal song learning, while females exhibit auditory song learning only, in Chapter 4 I compared the physiology of vocal cortex neurons between sexes. This comparison reveals aspects of the neurons’ physiology specialized for singing (males only) vs. auditory learning of song (both males and females). Finally, in Chapter 4 I explored the effect of auditory learning in the physiology of vocal cortex neurons in females. Experimental results and mathematical models revealed regulation in ion channel expression due to auditory learning. In summary, this dissertation describes the effect of three new variables – age, sex, and experience – now known to influence the physiology of key neurons in vocal learning.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Diaz_fsu_0071E_14037
Format: Thesis

Title: Distinguishing between Moral Judgments and Prejudiced Attitudes: A Multidimensional Approach to Attitudes Toward Gay Men and Lesbians.
Creator: Mallinas, Stephanie R. (Stephanie Rose), Plant, Ashby, McNulty, James, Ganley, Colleen M., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology
Abstract/Description: Across three studies, we demonstrate that attitudes toward gay men and lesbians are best conceptualized as two components – moral judgments and prejudiced attitudes. Whereas moral judgments concern the rightness or wrongness of gay/lesbian sexuality, prejudiced attitudes concern feelings of negativity toward gay/lesbian groups or individuals. In all three studies, we show that religiosity relates to increased moral condemnation of gay/lesbian sexuality, but not increased prejudice toward gay...
Show moreAcross three studies, we demonstrate that attitudes toward gay men and lesbians are best conceptualized as two components – moral judgments and prejudiced attitudes. Whereas moral judgments concern the rightness or wrongness of gay/lesbian sexuality, prejudiced attitudes concern feelings of negativity toward gay/lesbian groups or individuals. In all three studies, we show that religiosity relates to increased moral condemnation of gay/lesbian sexuality, but not increased prejudice toward gay men/lesbians. In Study 2, moral judgments were more strongly related to desires to protect religious rights, whereas prejudiced attitudes were more strongly related to desires to restrict gay/lesbian rights. In Study 3, various factors other than religiosity related to moral judgments and prejudiced attitudes, including disgust, openness to experience, concerns about being misidentified as gay/lesbian, and adherence to traditional gender norms. Additionally, moral judgments related to negativity toward sexually active single individuals (regardless of sexual orientation), whereas prejudiced attitudes related to negativity toward gay men and lesbians (regardless of sexual activity). Taken together, these findings suggest that attitudes toward gay men and lesbians should not be treated unidimensionally, and that considering moral judgments and prejudiced attitudes separately clarifies important relationships.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Mallinas_fsu_0071N_14104
Format: Thesis

Title: Traditional Bullying and Cyberbullying in Childhood and Young Adulthood: Prevalence, Relationship, and Psychological Distress Outcomes among Young Adults.
Creator: Lee, Jungup, Tripodi, Stephen J., Beaver, Kevin M., Wilke, Dina J., Radey, Melissa, Florida State University, College of Social Work, College of Social Work
Abstract/Description: Bullying has been recognized as a pervasive problematic behavior that results in potentially severe and long lasting consequences for young people. Bullying is an unwanted aggressive behavior that leads to intentional harm, is repetitive, and involves an observed or perceived power imbalance (Olweus, 1993). In recent years, a form of bullying known as cyberbullying has emerged through electronic technological devices. Cyberbullying is a new challenge which is moving beyond the confines of...
Show moreBullying has been recognized as a pervasive problematic behavior that results in potentially severe and long lasting consequences for young people. Bullying is an unwanted aggressive behavior that leads to intentional harm, is repetitive, and involves an observed or perceived power imbalance (Olweus, 1993). In recent years, a form of bullying known as cyberbullying has emerged through electronic technological devices. Cyberbullying is a new challenge which is moving beyond the confines of schoolyard and cafeterias. Unlike traditional bullying, cyberbullying has unique characteristics including anonymity, free access to a time or place, and rapid dissemination through the technical device involved. These characteristics may increase both rates of victimization and perpetration. Empirical evidence has revealed that bullying is highly associated with negative internalizing consequences as well as externalizing consequences (Beran & Li, 2007). Recent bullying studies have demonstrated the significant associations of traditional bullying, cyberbullying, and psychological distress; yet, little research has been done to identify the influence of childhood bullying victimization on subsequent traditional bullying, cyberbullying, and psychological distress in young adulthood. Only few studies have found that childhood bullying experiences increased the likelihood of young adult traditional bullying, cyberbullying, and psychological problems (Rose & Tynes, 2015; Sourander et al., 2000; Sutton, 2014). The purpose of this study is to understand the relationships of traditional and cyberbullying from childhood through young adulthood, and subsequent psychological consequences among young adults. Additionally, childhood parent and peer factors that may mitigate these impacts are explored. To address the purpose of the current study, this study employed a random sampling method. The target population was junior and senior undergraduate students aged 19-25 and enrolled in one of two large public universities in Florida, who use electronic communication devices such as the Internet and mobile phone in daily life. An online survey method was used to collect responses. The data collection procedures yielded a final sample of 360 undergraduate students, which comprised the sample used for this study. An online survey method was used to collect responses. The major variables of interest for this study included childhood traditional and cyberbullying victimization as exogenous variables, childhood parent and peer factors as moderators, young adult traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimization and perpetration as endogenous variables, young adult psychological distress as endogenous variables, and other confounding variables. Descriptive analyses, independent sample t-test, path analyses, and multiple linear regression analyses were used to test the hypotheses. The findings indicated the prevalence of childhood traditional bullying victimization was higher than that of young adult traditional bullying victimization. The rate of childhood traditional bullying victimization was also higher than that of childhood cyberbullying victimization, while that of young adult traditional bullying victimization was slightly lower than that of young adult cyberbullying victimization. Meanwhile, women experienced more traditional and cyberbullying victimization in childhood and young adulthood than men, while men engaged in more traditional and cyberbullying perpetration than women. Further, childhood traditional and cyberbullying victimization increased the likelihood of being a victim and a perpetrator in young adulthood, with an exception of young adult cyberbullying perpetration. Childhood traditional bullying victimization increased the likelihood of young adult depression and anxiety, while childhood cyberbullying victimization increased the likelihood of young adult anxiety. The results for interaction effects of childhood parent and peer factors indicated that childhood parent attachment, parental monitoring, and peer attachment moderated the effects of childhood bullying victimization on young adult traditional bullying and cyberbullying victimization. Additionally, the results revealed childhood parent attachment buffered against a positive relationship between childhood traditional bullying victimization and depression, and childhood parental monitoring also buffered against a positive association between childhood traditional bullying victimization and anxiety. Further, childhood deviant peer association increased the positive relationship between childhood cyberbullying victimization and young adult traditional bullying victimization. The findings from this study have implications for social work practice. Understanding the contexts in which traditional bullying and cyberbullying occur is the first step in school- or community-based prevention and intervention efforts. It represents a first step towards a deeper understanding of the prevalence of childhood traditional and cyberbullying victimization and young adult traditional and cyberbullying victimization and perpetration, and their associations with psychological distress among young adults. Particularly, this study provided further evidence that investigating traditional and cyberbullying in childhood and young adulthood in a more dynamic way has merit. Social work practitioners should develop and implement effective bullying prevention and educational training programs to inform students, parents, and school administrators and teachers regarding the significance of early bullying experiences and their consequences, as well as to buffer against traditional and cyberbullying victimization and perpetration.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_SUMMER2017_Lee_fsu_0071E_13968
Format: Thesis

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