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Title: "20th Century Frontierswoman": A Rhetorical Biography of Almena Davis Lomax, Journalist.
Creator: Snell, Chandra, Houck, Davis, Jones, Maxine, Nudd, Donna Marie, Jordan-Jackson, Felecia, McDowell, Stephen, School of Communication, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: This purpose of this dissertation is to identify how journalist and newspaper publisher Almena Davis Lomax (1915-2011) attempted to persuade her Los Angeles Tribune readers to accept her vision of a better United States through her editorials and columns. Utilizing African American women's rhetorical theory and grounded theory, this rhetorical biography examined selected Tribune editorials and columns obtained primarily from the online database "African American Newspapers, 1827-1998,"...
Show moreThis purpose of this dissertation is to identify how journalist and newspaper publisher Almena Davis Lomax (1915-2011) attempted to persuade her Los Angeles Tribune readers to accept her vision of a better United States through her editorials and columns. Utilizing African American women's rhetorical theory and grounded theory, this rhetorical biography examined selected Tribune editorials and columns obtained primarily from the online database "African American Newspapers, 1827-1998," accessed through the Florida State University and Florida A&M University libraries. This database included 150 issues of the Tribune, from Sept. 6, 1943 to April 22, 1960. Specific years included were 1943, 1944, 1946, 1958, 1959, and 1960. Although the database did not include all issues, the available editions spanned the approximate length of the newspaper's publication (1941-1960). I supplemented the database's editions with several issues from 1945, 1955, and 1956 available from the Almena Lomax Papers at Emory University Library's Manuscript, Archives, and Rare Book Library. I thus conducted a convenience sample of extant editorials and columns in my analysis. Additional primary sources, which help shed light on Lomax's life, were obtained from the California State University-Fullerton Oral History Program (oral history of Lomax) and MARBL (interviews with Lomax and non-Tribune writings of Lomax's). From the online database and MARBL, I analyzed Tribune editorials written by Lomax labeled "Editorial What-Not," "More Editorial What-Not," "Political What-Not," "More Political What-Not," and "How 'Bout This." For each of the selected writings, I completed a data sheet based on Tippens' (2001) general guidelines, with modifications: 1. Column name, date, and page number; 2. Main topic; 3. Main theme; 4. Subtheme(s) (if any); 5. Argument/Claim; 6. Specific rhetorical tools. Once a data sheet was recorded for each editorial/column, all writings were then grouped chronologically. Within each of these time periods, I used the grounded theory approach and close reading to identify any themes and subthemes common in Lomax's available writings during the time period. Within each theme/subtheme, I then identified the most frequently occurring rhetorical tools, the best examples of Lomax's use of each tool, and my own argument as to how these tools functioned within that theme/subtheme(s). Each analysis chapter also included a critical argument I suggested as to how Lomax's rhetorical tools may have functioned within the time period under consideration to advance her arguments/claims within her Tribune editorials/columns. 1943-1956 During the Tribune's beginning and middle years, based on available editorials/columns, Lomax was primarily concerned with sociocultural issues and politics/civil rights. When addressing sociocultural issues, Lomax mainly employed self-disclosure and personal anecdote as rhetorical tools; when dealing with politics/civil rights, she engaged a variety of rhetorical means in her attempts to convince her Tribune readers. According to Kohrs Campbell (1986), Lomax's "authoritative," confrontational tone and style would have constituted a "masculine" form of discourse, though with some "feminine" elements (namely the privileging of personal experience, metaphorical language, and narrative modes of development); I suggest, however, that Lomax, as an African American woman, embodied a distinct rhetorical tradition whose features should not be evaluated in relation to an alien, superimposed standard of femininity, but should instead be assessed by its own merits as an entity unto itself (Royster, 2000; Davis & Houston, 2002). 1958 In 1958, Lomax appeared to be mainly preoccupied with politics/civil rights, but also sociocultural and personal concerns. Her Tribune editorials/columns dealing with politics/civil rights were largely characterized by name calling and/or inventive, as well as a sarcastic, cynical, and/or patronizing tone. Those addressing sociocultural issues featured mainly ethos as the primary rhetorical tool, and those concerned with personal issues most frequently utilized personal appeals, personal anecdotes, and ethos in her efforts to influence readers. Overall, her efforts to persuade her readers at this time through these means may have functioned rhetorically as her attempt to reinforce her desired persona as not only a knowledgeable and independent-minded journalist, but also as a worthwhile human being, despite her mental and emotional struggles. 1959-1960 In 1959-1960, Lomax appeared primarily concerned with issues of political leadership, and, to a lesser extent, politics/civic rights and personal issues. Although Lomax once again primarily utilized her favored rhetorical tool of cynicism in her available editorials/columns of 1959-1960, she also used whatever rhetorical means she found appropriate to meet her aims, especially when addressing politics/civil rights or personal issues. This variety of tools arguably functioned rhetorically to advance Lomax's stance as a capable, wise (especially in light of her eminent contested move South), and knowledgeable journalist, mother, and human being.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-9099
Format: Thesis

Title: "A Glimpse Into the Past": Communication, Cultural Tourism, and the Political Economy of Modern Gullah Preservation.
Creator: Graves, Brian
Date Issued: 2013-10-01
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1475787437
Format: Citation

Title: "All That Glitters Is Not Junkanoo" the National Junkanoo Museum and the Politics of Tourism and Identity.
Creator: MacKey, Ressa, Nasgaard, Roald, Bearor, Karen, Carrasco, Michael, Department of Art History, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: The annual Junkanoo festival in the Bahamas is regarded as "the ultimate national symbol," representative of Bahamian sovereignty and culture. A festival that originated from Bahamian slaves, Junkanoo has evolved into a popular commercial and cultural event that features extravagant, crépe-paper costumes. This paper analyzes the role of the commodified Junkanoo costume in constructing a Bahamian national and cultural identity. Specifically, it analyzes the history and policies of the National...
Show moreThe annual Junkanoo festival in the Bahamas is regarded as "the ultimate national symbol," representative of Bahamian sovereignty and culture. A festival that originated from Bahamian slaves, Junkanoo has evolved into a popular commercial and cultural event that features extravagant, crépe-paper costumes. This paper analyzes the role of the commodified Junkanoo costume in constructing a Bahamian national and cultural identity. Specifically, it analyzes the history and policies of the National Junkanoo Museum, the first institution to display the costumes outside their performative context. Through a interdisciplinary approach that incorporates methodologies from art history, sociology, and museum studies, I argue that Junkanoo serves a commercial purpose, which the National Junkanoo Museum perpetuates by displaying the costumes for touristic consumption. My thesis is based on three separate grounds of analysis. First, I examine the festival's hybrid and dynamic nature by analyzing external factors that influenced Junkanoo's development. Notably, I consider the Ministry of Tourism and the Bahamian Development Board's involvement and administration of the parade, which significantly impacted the costumes' iconography, materiality, and ephemerality. Next, I view the National Junkanoo Museum within the context of other Caribbean Museums to conclude that the institution encounters similar challenges to its neighbors, which include reconciling the museum's nationalistic intentions with its objectives to bolster cultural tourism. Finally, I demonstrate how the National Junkanoo Museum diverges from standard museum practice in order to augment the country's fledging heritage industry. Instead of assembling a permanent collection, the museum operates as a non-collecting institution by exhibiting the costumes only on an annual basis and then returning the objects to the Junkanoo artists who proceed to dismantle and recycle their costumes. The museum's exhibition policy reflects the artists' habit of abandoning their costumes immediately following the parade. However, I contend that the National Junkanoo Museum's use of nostalgia as a museum epistemology is less about an effort to restore the costumes' traditional ephemerality, than it is an indication of the pervasiveness of the tourism industry in formulating a Bahamian national and cultural identity. Junkanoo's economic potential is dependent on the perception of the festival as an identifiable, authentic Bahamian product, which the government facilitates by promoting the costumes as national symbols of Bahamian culture and appropriating them into a national museum system.
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Date Issued: 2009
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-2809
Format: Thesis

Title: "As a Member of the Body of Christ": The Effect of the Chapel of the Resurrection on the Tallahassee Sit-Ins of March 12th, 1960.
Creator: Burns, Devin Dufey
Date Issued: 2017-04-06
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1492888659
Format: Thesis

Title: "Assembly of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Mats Through Covalent Cross-Linking".
Creator: Ventura, Darryl N., Kroto, Harold, Wang, Ben, Strouse, Geoffrey, Goldsby, Kenneth, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: This work describes a simple route for the production of carbon nanotube mats without high pressure processing or irradiation techniques that are generally used to produce Buckypaper. The Michael addition pathway was used to covalently cross-link thiol functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes with benzoquinone to produce high content nanotube mats of various thicknesses and diameters. The mats were characterized by a variety of techniques including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,...
Show moreThis work describes a simple route for the production of carbon nanotube mats without high pressure processing or irradiation techniques that are generally used to produce Buckypaper. The Michael addition pathway was used to covalently cross-link thiol functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes with benzoquinone to produce high content nanotube mats of various thicknesses and diameters. The mats were characterized by a variety of techniques including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, tensile strength measurements as well as qualitative structural analysis through scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the weight ratio for optimum cross-linking to be ca. 5:1 (benzoquinone:MWCNT-SH) and that the mat surface can be further functionalized with nanoparticles to form advanced carbon composite materials.
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Date Issued: 2009
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-4582
Format: Thesis

Title: "At Home We Work Together": Domestic Feminism and Patriarchy in Little Women.
Creator: Wester, Bethany S., Moore, Dennis, Edwards, Leigh, Fenstermaker, John, Program in American and Florida Studies, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: For 136 years, Louisa May Alcott's Little Women has remained a classic in American children's literature. Although Alcott originally wrote the novel as a book for young girls, deeper issues run beneath the surface story of the March family. This thesis explores a few of these issues. Chapter One examines the roles of patriarchy and domesticity in Alcott's private life and in Little Women. Chapter Two emphasizes the Transcendentalist thinking that surrounded Alcott in her childhood, her own,...
Show moreFor 136 years, Louisa May Alcott's Little Women has remained a classic in American children's literature. Although Alcott originally wrote the novel as a book for young girls, deeper issues run beneath the surface story of the March family. This thesis explores a few of these issues. Chapter One examines the roles of patriarchy and domesticity in Alcott's private life and in Little Women. Chapter Two emphasizes the Transcendentalist thinking that surrounded Alcott in her childhood, her own, feminized Transcendentalist philosophy, and how it subsequently infiltrates the novel. Chapter Three explores the role of the struggling female artist in Little Women, as portrayed by the March sisters, especially Jo and Amy March, and how the fictional characters' struggles reflect Alcott's own problems as a female writer in a patriarchal society. Chapter Four discusses Alcott's reformist ideas and the reformist issues that surface in Little Women. Domestic feminism--the idea that a reformed family, in which men and women equally participate in domestic matters, would lead to a reformed society--emerges as the predominant reformist issue in Little Women. Alcott believed that women should be able to choose the course of their adult lives, whether that included marriage, a professional career, or otherwise, without the threat of being ostracized from society. In Little Women, the March family serves as an example of a reformed, egalitarian family in which women exercise self-reliance, employ their non-domestic talents, and still maintain femininity.
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Date Issued: 2005
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-1144
Format: Thesis

Title: "At Least Eight or Ten Children": The Paradox of Post-Resettlement Fertility Among African Refugees in Central Massachusetts.
Creator: Sarkis, Marianne, Doran, Glen, Ward, Cheryl, Garretson, Peter, Schmidt, Heike, Department of Anthropology, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: This study situates African women's fertility at the crossroads of historical trends and current politico-economic realities of gender and migration from developing to developed nations since 1991. It examines fertility as a site of conjuncture between the resettlement process and cultural, educational, and economic constraints. The research demonstrates that post-immigration fertility is dynamic and undergoes constant evaluation and change to accommodate new realities. African women modify...
Show moreThis study situates African women's fertility at the crossroads of historical trends and current politico-economic realities of gender and migration from developing to developed nations since 1991. It examines fertility as a site of conjuncture between the resettlement process and cultural, educational, and economic constraints. The research demonstrates that post-immigration fertility is dynamic and undergoes constant evaluation and change to accommodate new realities. African women modify their beliefs, practices, and strategies regarding reproduction with increased access to economic, educational, and health opportunities in a host culture. A mixed methods approach guides the design of this study that took place in Central Massachusetts over 11 months. The ethnographic component includes participant observation in a Somali refugee community and in-depth interviews with eleven women from Somalia, Liberia, Ghana, and Zimbabwe. The quantitative approach includes analysis of the Current Population Survey (CPS) 2007 and 2009 March and June Supplements, the American Community Survey (ACS) 2009 3-year Population Estimates, and immigration data from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The ethnography that guides this research took place between November 2008 and September 2009. Unlike previous research that analyzes immigrant fertility in terms of an African/non-African cohort, this study examines African inter-group variances by country of origin, method of immigration and generation. The results point to significant differences in fertility between voluntary and involuntary immigrants, between East and West Africans, and among generations. In all cases, education emerges as a significant predictor of fertility rates, but only up to a certain income level. This study informs the field of anthropological demographics and refugee studies with applications to population and resettlement policies.
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Date Issued: 2010
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-4614
Format: Thesis

Title: "Behold Me and This Great Babylon I Have Built": The Life and Work of Sophia Sawyer, 19th Century Missionary and Teacher Among the Cherokees.
Creator: Castelow, Teri L., MacDonald, Victoria Maria, Green, Elna, Milton, Sande, Shargel, Emanuel, Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: Sophia Sawyer (1792-1853) was born and educated in New Hampshire and Massachusetts. She was a strong-willed and independent woman who turned to teaching as a means of support after the death of her parents. At age thirty-one, she joined the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions and was stationed at the Brainerd Mission in Tennessee. Sawyer exemplifies the first generation of women to receive an academy education and become teachers themselves. This dissertation will examine the...
Show moreSophia Sawyer (1792-1853) was born and educated in New Hampshire and Massachusetts. She was a strong-willed and independent woman who turned to teaching as a means of support after the death of her parents. At age thirty-one, she joined the American Board of Commissioners of Foreign Missions and was stationed at the Brainerd Mission in Tennessee. Sawyer exemplifies the first generation of women to receive an academy education and become teachers themselves. This dissertation will examine the structure and environment of the schools in which Sophia Sawyer, missionary educator of females and Native Americans, taught the Cherokee students in the missions of Tennessee and Georgia, 1823-1836, and later in the Fayetteville Female Seminary, 1839-1853. In the large number of letters written to, by, and about Sophia Sawyer and her work among the Cherokees, it is revealed that she was a religious and pious person who felt a calling to Christianize and educate the Cherokees. She also displayed considerable respect for their culture, something which is often overlooked in many histories of White/Native American encounters. Sawyer appears to have cared deeply about her students, and the techniques that she used reflect this depth of feeling. The existing written opinions of her are either very positive or very negative, but even her detractors respected her commitment to education. Cherokee leaders such as John Ridge recognized this dedication. It is possible they held Sawyer in such high esteem because of her ability to look beyond the stereotypes held by many other missionaries about Indians. She created a classroom atmosphere which encouraged but challenged the students to learn English, as well as subjects similar to those taught in schools for Anglo-American children. That Sawyer was able to accomplish this with few resources and textbooks is an accomplishment worth examining in light of our modern concern about multi-cultural education.
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Date Issued: 2005
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-4064
Format: Thesis

Title: "Between Grand Strategy and Grandiose Stupidity": The Marine Crops and Pacification in Vietnam.
Creator: Weinstein, Adam, Creswell, Michael, Friedman, Max Paul, Souva, Mark, Program in International Affairs, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: Only a fraction of armed forces in Vietnam made the "other war" â the war for hearts and minds â their primary struggle. These were the U.S. Marines comprising the Combined Action Platoons, who lived and worked in individual hamlets, trained local security forces, made civic improvements, and sought to secure the war's objectives on the lowest community level. The program's scope and achievements were limited; while 85,000 Marines occupied Vietnam at the conflict's apogee, CAP Marines...
Show moreOnly a fraction of armed forces in Vietnam made the "other war" â the war for hearts and minds â their primary struggle. These were the U.S. Marines comprising the Combined Action Platoons, who lived and worked in individual hamlets, trained local security forces, made civic improvements, and sought to secure the war's objectives on the lowest community level. The program's scope and achievements were limited; while 85,000 Marines occupied Vietnam at the conflict's apogee, CAP Marines never numbered more than 2,500. However, in an age of renewed interest in "small wars" and pacification, the CAP program is a remarkable subject of study. This study re-examines the CAP program with two basic goals. First, it argues that the program represented a departure from the U.S. government's conventional wisdom regarding pacification and counterinsurgency operations, and this departure was consistent with the Marines' institutional traditions of flexibility, non-conformity and strategic innovation. The Marine Corps' identity as an army-navy hybrid gave it a starring role in America's so-called "small wars" of pacification abroad; its diminutive size allowed members to put a premium on open thought and political involvement that is rare in most military institutions. Grounded in these Marine traditions, the CAP program originated as an act of insubordination â as military innovation almost always does. Second, this study examines the CAP program's potential exportability, its resemblance to modern counterparts in Iraq and Afghanistan, and its grand strategic implications. The Marines' experience in Vietnam suggests that while the CAP concept marks a significant advance in counterinsurgent theory, it still assumes a long, expensive occupation that carries numerous caveats as well as large â and largely predictable â risks. These risks limit the usefulness of combined action to selected political and geographical ground states: it is useful in an Afghanistan, but probably not in an Iraq. An empirically honest understanding of pacification and its hazards can help policymakers distinguish between justifiable future missions and imprudent, costly gambles. They will recognize the difference, as B. H. Liddell Hart put it, "between grand strategy and grandiose stupidity."
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Date Issued: 2007
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-1215
Format: Thesis

Title: "Can't Knock the Hustle": Hustler Masculinity in African American Culture.
Creator: Garnes, Lamar J. (Lamar Jordan), McGregory, Jerrilyn, Shinn, Christopher, Jones, Maxine, Montgomery, Maxine, Department of English, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: "Can't Knock the Hustle": Performances of Black Hustler Masculinity in African American Literature and Culture, reinterprets the African American social movements of the mid-to-late 1960s and early 1970s, emphasizing how the controversial performances of black men as black hustlers contributed to them. Reading the Black Power movement as a youth-driven reaction not only to the elders in the Civil Rights movement but also to the 1965 Moynihan Report that defined black men in terms of criminal...
Show more"Can't Knock the Hustle": Performances of Black Hustler Masculinity in African American Literature and Culture, reinterprets the African American social movements of the mid-to-late 1960s and early 1970s, emphasizing how the controversial performances of black men as black hustlers contributed to them. Reading the Black Power movement as a youth-driven reaction not only to the elders in the Civil Rights movement but also to the 1965 Moynihan Report that defined black men in terms of criminal deviance, I demonstrate how young black men sought to retain the masculinity, which they felt their elders had been stripped of, by becoming hustlers themselves. This study also claims that the selected texts should be privileged as hustler narratives, drawing attention to the function of the hustler as participating in a wider American tradition of upward class mobility. In the process, the black hustler hyperbolically emulates, criticizes, and rejects or restructures such concepts of individual 'rags-to-riches' capitalism and/or middle class respectability in order to achieve his own status and define his own terms for the construction of alternative black masculinities. Chapter One reconnects the black hustler to the badman, a hero in the African American folk tradition, and interrogates how the federal government and the film industry respectively demonized and commodified it. Chapters Two and Three illustrate how hustler masculinity in Claude Brown's Manchild in the Promised Land and Malcolm X's The Autobiography serves as a social critique of race and class in the inner-city and argue that the (re)establishment of cultural, political, and/or spiritual communities are necessary for black males performers to transcend hustler masculinity. Chapter Four examines Elaine Brown's A Taste of Power and discusses how and to what extent she could lead the Black Panther Party when hustler masculinity plays a large role in the organization and function of relationships in the party. Chapter Five demonstrate how the commodification of the black hustler in the semi- autobiographical and fictional narratives of Iceberg Slim and Donald Goines along with the presentation of the hustler figure in Blaxploitation films contributed its present denigration and sensationalism. The Epilogue addresses how hip hop performers such as Ice Cube, NWA, Nas, Jay-Z, and 50 cent, amongst others, are recovering and recuperating the figure of the black hustler to its representation prior to the early 1970s. Such work is needed because it assists in developing an understanding of how young black men learn to perform masculinity in particular kinds of urban communities and also to complicate how we understand black masculinity in terms of what Michael Eric Dyson called the "politics of respectability."
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Date Issued: 2009
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-4355
Format: Thesis

Title: "Chant and Be Happy": Music, Beauty, and Celebration in a Utah Hare Krishna Community.
Creator: Black, Sara, Koen, Benjamin, Gunderson, Frank, Uzendoski, Michael, College of Music, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: One of the primary aspects of Hare Krishna worship is the practice of kirtan, or the musical chanting of sacred texts with particular emphasis on the Maha Mantra, a mantra composed of names for Krishna. Devotees teach that chanting Krishna's name constitutes a literal communion with him. Adding music to the chanting of these sacred words adds a dimension of beauty and celebration reflective of the personality of Krishna, who is known as "the All-Attractive." This thesis explores three aspects...
Show moreOne of the primary aspects of Hare Krishna worship is the practice of kirtan, or the musical chanting of sacred texts with particular emphasis on the Maha Mantra, a mantra composed of names for Krishna. Devotees teach that chanting Krishna's name constitutes a literal communion with him. Adding music to the chanting of these sacred words adds a dimension of beauty and celebration reflective of the personality of Krishna, who is known as "the All-Attractive." This thesis explores three aspects of Hare Krishna kirtan. First is the theological aspect of kirtan, the system of beliefs which give purpose to the practice of chant. Next is the personal, experiential aspect of kirtan, including the emotional intensity of the music, its ability to develop a sense of relationship between devotee and deity, and its potential as a transformative experience, lifting the devotee from the mundane physical world to the realm of spiritual experience. Last is the social aspect of kirtan, as chanting is used to spread the message of Krishna Consciousness and to provide opportunities for members of different social and religious groups to celebrate together. I will focus on the musical activities at the Sri Sri Radha Krishna temple in Spanish Fork, Utah, in order to demonstrate the power of music as a catalyst for religious experience and an agent of transformation for individuals and communities.
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Date Issued: 2008
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-3710
Format: Thesis

Title: The "Chastoiement" and the "Decameron": Rhetorical "examples" of vernacularization.
Creator: Roman, Marco David., Florida State University
Abstract/Description: Some of the greatest names in medieval literature, Chretien de Troyes, Jean de Meun, Brunetto Latini, and Chaucer, to name a few, proudly include their vernacular adaptations of popular Latin sources within the corpus of their literary work. Yet, as Peter Dembowski points out, critics have paid little attention to the actual mechanics involved in the vernacularization practices. While the common medieval literary processes of auctoritas, translatio, and conjointure linked by Karl D. Uitti to...
Show moreSome of the greatest names in medieval literature, Chretien de Troyes, Jean de Meun, Brunetto Latini, and Chaucer, to name a few, proudly include their vernacular adaptations of popular Latin sources within the corpus of their literary work. Yet, as Peter Dembowski points out, critics have paid little attention to the actual mechanics involved in the vernacularization practices. While the common medieval literary processes of auctoritas, translatio, and conjointure linked by Karl D. Uitti to the development of courtly vernacular literature are known to function in the transference of source texts to the vernacular, the role of rhetoric, an aspect of the conjointure process, has as yet remained unexplored., Taking as its study the popular Latin tale collection, the Disciplina clericalis which appeared as a common source in almost all the vernacular literatures of Western Europe and which enjoyed a tremendous popularity throughout the Middle Ages, this study analyzes how one French vernacularized tale collection, the anonymous thirteenth-century Chastoiement d'un pere a son fils and the Decameron recast through rhetorical manipulation three of the tales found in the Disciplina., The two prologues of the vernacularizations reveal the outline of a specific rhetorical scheme employed by the vernacularizer in the "adaptation" of the individual tales. Each of the clerks chooses the rhetorical method of argumentation best suited to his purpose. The tales present themselves as the elaborations of one part of the particular rhetorical scheme chosen by the clerk. Thus, rhetorical training not only aides the medieval clerk in the embellishment of the material but also serves him in the "translation" of the material to the new audience. Just as the development of courtly literature depended on the scholastic practices of the interdependent literary processes of auctoritas, translatio, and conjointure, so too the establishment of "bourgeois" literature relied on these same procedures as exercised by the clerks of the courtly tradition. Through these processes and rhetorical techniques, the clerks produced works in the vernacular that took their place next to the source texts.
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Date Issued: 1993, 1993
Identifier: AAI9402511, 3088188, FSDT3088188, fsu:76995
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: "Choosing my Religion": Performing "Spiritual but not Religious" in Contemporary America.
Creator: Burnside, Timothy
Abstract/Description: This thesis explores the category and performance of the "spiritual but not religious" in contemporary America, namely the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. This thesis seeks to illuminate how a specific notion of self is formed through therapeutic and popular culture, and what irreligious spirituality enables that self to do.
Date Issued: 2016-04-22
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1461335731
Format: Thesis

Title: "Classicality" in Gustav Mahler's Symphonies.
Creator: Matic, Dragana, Seaton, Douglass, Kite-Powell, Jeffery, Brewer, Charles, College of Music, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: This study explores Mahler's incorporation of general or specific references to musical Classicism and early Romanticism in his symphonic works. It also establishes proper terminology for such references, which emerges as a problem in the research of this topic. The thesis articulates all types of conventions recognized in Mahler's symphonies: the conventional symphonic cycle, traditional forms, periodic phrase structures, dance character with an intermezzo function in inner movements,...
Show moreThis study explores Mahler's incorporation of general or specific references to musical Classicism and early Romanticism in his symphonic works. It also establishes proper terminology for such references, which emerges as a problem in the research of this topic. The thesis articulates all types of conventions recognized in Mahler's symphonies: the conventional symphonic cycle, traditional forms, periodic phrase structures, dance character with an intermezzo function in inner movements, diatonic harmony, simple homophonic texture, and reduction of the orchestral forces. It identifies the nature of Mahler's references to the past as subtle or profound deformations of the conventions. It shows different combinations of tradition and modernity in several examples and reveals their possible functions. The conclusions are based not only on analytical observation, but also on the programmatic inspiration, biographical facts, ideas that the composer communicated with friends and colleagues, and on the comparison of Mahler's symphonies to the related song cycles. The thesis also shows a possible influence of Vienna's cultural and political life on Mahler's classicality. The most influential elements are the paradoxical conservatism of the Liberals' cultural practices and nostalgia reflected in the architectural style of the Ringstrasse, a complex of buildings built around the city. The archaic nature of its style was a reflection of the cultural values that could influence Mahler's development.
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Date Issued: 2004
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-2674
Format: Thesis

Title: The "Demand Side" of General Education - A Review of the Literature: Technical Report Number 11.
Creator: Reardon, Robert C, Lenz, Janet G, Sampson, James P, Johnston, Joseph S, Kramer, Gary L
Abstract/Description: Much of the literature in general education is focused on the design or contents of the program, or the "supply side," while little attention has been given to students' understandings of and attitudes toward general education, the "demand side." This paper reviews literature on the "demand side" of general education by first providing a brief synopsis of the notion of general education and recent recommendations for reform, and next summarizing research on student knowledge of and attitudes...
Show moreMuch of the literature in general education is focused on the design or contents of the program, or the "supply side," while little attention has been given to students' understandings of and attitudes toward general education, the "demand side." This paper reviews literature on the "demand side" of general education by first providing a brief synopsis of the notion of general education and recent recommendations for reform, and next summarizing research on student knowledge of and attitudes toward higher education and general education. Because of the paucity of "demand side" research, the paper shifts focus to processes used in higher education to affect demand side questions, including teaching, recruitment and admissions, orientation, academic and career advising, and course scheduling. The paper ends with conclusions on the importance of attending to "demand side" issues in the improvement of general education programs.
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Date Issued: 1990-07-01
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1525887098_ce56a520, 10.17125/fsu.1525887098
Format: Citation

Title: "Did You Think to Pray?: " Praying for One's Partner and Cardiovascular Reactivity Among Married Couples.
Creator: Brown, Preston C., Fincham, Frank D., Hay, Carter, Cui, Ming, Denton, Wayne, Department of Family and Child Sciences, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: While marriage may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), marital stress has been shown to evoke greater cardiovascular reactivity (CVR), increasing the risk of CVD. One possible context for experiencing marital stress is discussion of conflict within the relationship. The present study sought to attenuate the CVR experienced during marital conflict discussion through partner-focused prayer prior to discussion. Praying for one's partner has been linked to increased relationship...
Show moreWhile marriage may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), marital stress has been shown to evoke greater cardiovascular reactivity (CVR), increasing the risk of CVD. One possible context for experiencing marital stress is discussion of conflict within the relationship. The present study sought to attenuate the CVR experienced during marital conflict discussion through partner-focused prayer prior to discussion. Praying for one's partner has been linked to increased relationship satisfaction, more tendency to forgive, greater gratitude, and less likelihood of infidelity. It has also been reported to have a softening effect on conflict. To examine the attenuation effects of partner-focused prayer on CVR in martial stress, 90 married couples completed both a conflict discussion and control discussion (typical daily routines). Females were randomly assigned to either partner-focused prayer, thinking about God or religion, or mental activity intervention conditions. While overall means indicated greater CVR during the conflict discussion and less recovery afterward compared to the control discussion for systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), these differences were not significant. Similarly, mean differences between intervention groups for SBP and DBP during conflict discussion and for SBP, DBP, nLF, nHF, and LFSBP after conflict discussion trend toward an attenuation effect of partner-focused prayer, compared to a mental thinking task control, when controlling for relationship satisfaction, regularly praying for one's partner, and religiosity; however, these results are also not statistically significant. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-7315
Format: Thesis

Title: "Do unto others"? Distinct psychopathy facets predict reduced perception and tolerance of pain.
Creator: Brislin, Sarah J, Buchman-Schmitt, Jennifer M, Joiner, Thomas E, Patrick, Christopher J
Abstract/Description: Recent research has sought to understand how individuals high in psychopathic traits perceive pain in others (Decety, Skelly, & Kiehl, 2013; Marsh et al., 2013). Perception of pain in others is presumed to act as a prosocial signal, and underreactivity to others' pain may contribute to engagement in exploitative-aggressive behaviors among individuals high in psychopathic traits (Jackson, Meltzoff, & Decety, 2005). The current study tested for associations between facets of psychopathy as...
Show moreRecent research has sought to understand how individuals high in psychopathic traits perceive pain in others (Decety, Skelly, & Kiehl, 2013; Marsh et al., 2013). Perception of pain in others is presumed to act as a prosocial signal, and underreactivity to others' pain may contribute to engagement in exploitative-aggressive behaviors among individuals high in psychopathic traits (Jackson, Meltzoff, & Decety, 2005). The current study tested for associations between facets of psychopathy as defined by the triarchic model (Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009) and decreased sensitivity to pain in 105 undergraduates tested in a laboratory pain assessment. A pressure algometer was used to index pain tolerance, and participants also rated their perceptions of and reactivity to the algometer-induced pain during the assessment and again 3 days later. A unique positive relationship was found between pain tolerance and the meanness facet of psychopathy, which also predicted reduced fear of painful algometer stimulation. Other psychopathy facets (boldness, disinhibition) showed negative relations with fear of pain stimulation during testing and at follow-up. Findings from this study extend the nomological network surrounding callousness (meanness) and suggest that increased pain tolerance may be a mechanism contributing to insensitivity to expressions of discomfort in others. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Date Issued: 2016-07-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26950545, 10.1037/per0000180, PMC4929019, 26950545, 26950545, 2016-11415-001
Format: Citation

Title: "Doulce Chose Est Que Mariage": Exemplarity and Advice in the Works of Christine De Pizan.
Creator: West, Anne Marie, Walters, Lori J., Coldiron, Anne E. B., Leushuis, Reinier, Warren, Nancy, Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: In this study, I explore how Christine de Pizan challenges misogamist thought through the use of exemplarity in her works. Christine's defense of women in the late medieval period has been well-documented by scholars. Yet, she also addresses the criticisms of marriage prevalent in contemporary literature, which are founded on the principle that women are inherently immoral. In keeping with Christine's stated belief in the moral responsibility of authors, she directly condemns misogamist...
Show moreIn this study, I explore how Christine de Pizan challenges misogamist thought through the use of exemplarity in her works. Christine's defense of women in the late medieval period has been well-documented by scholars. Yet, she also addresses the criticisms of marriage prevalent in contemporary literature, which are founded on the principle that women are inherently immoral. In keeping with Christine's stated belief in the moral responsibility of authors, she directly condemns misogamist authors and their works that appeal to medieval readers. During approximately the same time frame that Christine records her opinions as a literary critic of these works, she features positive marital exemplars in her own writings that support her point of view. I first examine the autobiographical elements of Christine's works that highlight her personal marital experience. Christine draws authority from her first-hand knowledge of marriage, which supersedes the flawed assumptions of scholars lacking this life experience. She creates an intertextual memorial to her late husband's good character and recounts her story as a wife and widow. Christine's exemplary narrative promotes the idea of a perfect friendship in marriage, a notion that upholds marriage as a religious and natural union. Furthermore, her close marital relationship contests the veneration of extramarital affairs as seen in the renewed interest in courtly love literature. To further substantiate her views on marriage, Christine recalls the exemplary stories of legendary wives and widows from France's cultural memory. Through these exemplars, Christine promotes the communal benefits of marriage. In particular, I analyze the advantageous impact of marriage in political, domestic, and spiritual contexts.
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Date Issued: 2009
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-1153
Format: Thesis

Title: "Ears and Eyes and Mouth and Heart… His Soul and His Senses": The Visual St. Stephen Narrative as the Essence of Ecclesiastical Authority.
Creator: Morrow, Kara Ann, Hahn, Cynthia, Strait, Paul, Gerson, Paula, Emmerson, Richard, Department of Art History, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: Narrative cycles of St. Stephen, proto-martyr, are common, frequently found on ecclesiastical monuments of thirteenth-century France. The cathedrals of Bourges, Chartres, and Paris, to name only a few, support visual imagery inspired by the legend of Stephen. Ordained by the apostles, ostensibly to aid the widows and orphans of the congregation, Stephen quickly shows himself "full of grace and fortitude" (Acts 6:8). His inspired, vitriolic sermon incurs the wrath of the Jews who lead him from...
Show moreNarrative cycles of St. Stephen, proto-martyr, are common, frequently found on ecclesiastical monuments of thirteenth-century France. The cathedrals of Bourges, Chartres, and Paris, to name only a few, support visual imagery inspired by the legend of Stephen. Ordained by the apostles, ostensibly to aid the widows and orphans of the congregation, Stephen quickly shows himself "full of grace and fortitude" (Acts 6:8). His inspired, vitriolic sermon incurs the wrath of the Jews who lead him from the city of Jerusalem and stone him. The prevalence of Stephen's cult in the Gothic cathedrals of medieval France has been recognized by scholars; however, little attention has been devoted to the bishops' development and use of the cult, or the churches' production or interpretation of visual imagery. Explanations of the extant images have been driven by text based, iconographic models, which have often obfuscated the relevance of intricate compositional elements and relationships that are key to a more artistically and historically relevant understanding of the compositions. The intricately sculpted Stephen cycles in thirteenth-century France and the historic circumstances that informed their conceptions and receptions are the subjects of this dissertation. Drawing from a survey of the extant, architectural, sculptural narratives and relevant historical resources, this dissertation begins with a discussion of the establishment and dissemination of Stephen's cult in France. The following chapters focus specifically on the thirteenth-century images at the cathedrals of Rouen, Arles, Paris and Bourges chosen for their intricacy and unique compositional formulations. Ultimately, I propose the retelling of the Jewish/Christian debate at the root of Stephen's story was subtly reconstructed by ecclesiastical officials and articulated by artists to reference and comment on contemporary anti-Jewish conflict and ideologies in the mind of the medieval, Christian viewer. I continue to argue that St. Stephen was an exemplar of ecclesiastical succession and an idealized manifestation of the extension of the bishop's power within the ecclesiastical hierarchy. In addition to situating the proto-martyr's imagery in social and political context, this endeavor also contributes to the broader understanding of the construction and function of pictorial, hagiographic narrative.
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Date Issued: 2007
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-2253
Format: Thesis

Title: The "Endless Space Between": Exploring Film's Architectural Spaces, Places, Gender, and Genre.
Creator: Page, Sarah, Department of English
Abstract/Description: Architectural spaces and places within films often work to represent larger themes of the films' stories. This paper explores how films from three different genres, horror, science fiction, and romance, utilize architectural places and space on screen to represent gender. Films explored include Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho, Ridley Scott's Alien, and Spike Jonze's Her.
Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: FSU_migr_uhm-0433
Format: Thesis

Title: "England's Giorgione": Charles H. Shannon and Venetianism in Late Victorian Art.
Creator: McKeown, William Carlisle, Weingarden, Lauren S., Gontarski, Stanley E., Barclay, Michael, Neuman, Robert, Jolles, Adam, Department of Art History, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: This dissertation studies the paintings and lithographs of Charles Hazelwood Shannon within the context of British Venetianism. Shannon clearly derived many stylistic elements and figurative motifs from Venetian Renaissance art. By doing so, he was at once following a British tradition of Venetianism, and reformulating it for a modern era. The history of British Venetianism has not been a smooth or consistent one. Within Charles I's court and through the intermediary of Anthony Van Dyck's...
Show moreThis dissertation studies the paintings and lithographs of Charles Hazelwood Shannon within the context of British Venetianism. Shannon clearly derived many stylistic elements and figurative motifs from Venetian Renaissance art. By doing so, he was at once following a British tradition of Venetianism, and reformulating it for a modern era. The history of British Venetianism has not been a smooth or consistent one. Within Charles I's court and through the intermediary of Anthony Van Dyck's paintings, the Venetian style became closely associated with royalist concepts and aristocratic privileges in seventeeth-century Britain. By contrast, much of the Venetianist discourse of the eighteenth century can be characterized as anti-Venetianist. In eighteenth-century British texts, Venetian art is repeatedly conflated with Venetian society, and both are condemned for a perceived licentiousness. This literary reprobation of Venetianism stands in strong contrast to the continued collecting of Venetian paintings by aristocrats, and to the painting practices of British artists like Sir Joshua Reynolds. Throughout the nineteenth century, Venetianism is reevaluated. Nevertheless, Victorian Venetianism encompasses many contradictory points of view inherited from earlier periods. These contradictions are well-represented by the critics John Ruskin and Walter Pater. While the former critic emphasized the moral role of honest labor in the creation of art, the latter stressed the distinction between the prosaic realm of morality and the purposeless beauty of the aesthetic world. However, both critics would use Venetian art to advance their arguments, and they both believed that art was of the highest importance for modern British culture. In his artwork, Shannon would engaged with all of these previous forms of Venetianism. He patterned many of his portraits after the example of Van Dyck and Titian; he countered the vestiges of anti-Venetianism with his sensual depictions of nudes based on Venetian and Hellenistic prototypes; he infused his work with a Ruskinian sense of craftsmanship, as is particularly evident in his finely-made lithographs; and he evokes Paterian aesthetics in painting beautiful figures removed from any obvious narrative action. Shannon's Venetianism was recognized as progressive from the 1890s through the first decade of the twentieth century. Contemporary art historians and critics emphasized the continuity between Venetian Renaissance painting and modern European art, and Shannon's work was understood as part of this continuum. Shannon's progressive credentials can be measured by the avant-garde groups with whom he exhibited, and by the collectors who sought after his work. Nevertheless, his work was ultimately incompatible with the rising scene of modernist art. Modernist art in Britain, and the formalist theories which supported it, was largely born out of Paterian Venetianism. However, the modernist disavowal of European traditions of painting would spell the end for Shannon's particular version of Venetianism.
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Date Issued: 2005
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-2533
Format: Thesis

Title: The "Enneads" of Plotinus: A Commentary, vol 1.
Creator: Slaveva-Griffin, Svetla
Date Issued: 2016-06
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000379544700005, 10.1515/agph-2016-0010
Format: Citation

Title: "Every Now and Then a Madman's Bound to Come along…" the Use of Disability Metaphor in the Musicals of Stephen Sondheim: Freak Shows and Freakish Love.
Creator: Temple, Heidi A., Sandahl, Carrie, Dahl, Mary Karen, Seaton, Gayle, School of Theatre, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: Perhaps no one has written musicals that address social, political, and personal issues so effectively and purposefully as Stephen Sondheim. He positions his audience to identify with his characters by placing them in every day situations. The audience walks away feeling that they, too, have been personally affected by whatever social travesty the characters are experiencing; however, Sondheim undermines his socially progressive commentary by presenting his characters in a manner that...
Show morePerhaps no one has written musicals that address social, political, and personal issues so effectively and purposefully as Stephen Sondheim. He positions his audience to identify with his characters by placing them in every day situations. The audience walks away feeling that they, too, have been personally affected by whatever social travesty the characters are experiencing; however, Sondheim undermines his socially progressive commentary by presenting his characters in a manner that stereotypes other marginalized groups in the process. One of his most common choices for creating crisis is his use of disabled characters – physically disabled characters such as Fosca and, eventually, Giorgio, in Passion, or psychologically challenged characters, such as the entire ensemble of Assassins. While Sondheim's work is rife with social commentary on issues of race, gender, economics, and relationships, he doesn't comment critically on disability. He simply relies on his disabled characters to provide metaphors that comment on other issues. As a result, the actual disabled people become tools for social or political agendas unrelated to disability oppression. This thesis pays attention to Sondheim's use of disability metaphor and how these metaphors allow him to critique various social issues on the one hand, while unintentionally furthering oppressive stereotypes of disability on the other. I will examine two plays in which Sondheim uses disability as metaphor: Passion (1994) and Assassins (1991). While many of Sondheim's plays revolve around disabled characters (Anyone Can Whistle, Sweeney Todd, Pacific Overtures, Into the Woodsâ¦.), I have chosen these two plays because they represent physical, psychological and emotional disability in the same ways that many of Sondheim's other plays do, but send very clear messages through the use of disability metaphor that can be applied to the body of Sondheim's work.
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Date Issued: 2006
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-1627
Format: Thesis

Title: "Every Word Is a Song, Every Step Is a Dance": Participation, Agency, and the Expression of Communal Bliss in Hare Krishna Festival Kirtan.
Creator: Brown, Sara, Bakan, Michael, Erndl, Kathleen, Gunderson, Frank, Van Glahn, Denise, College of Music, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: The International Society for Krishna Consciousness, commonly known as the Hare Krishna movement, offers a highly accessible approach to Indian spirituality in contemporary American culture. Among the most intriguing facets of Hare Krishna practice are the prevalence of celebration and the use of activities such as singing, dancing, and feasting as expressions of faith. The dominant musical practice of the Hare Krishna movement is kirtan, the call-and-response performance of sacred devotional...
Show moreThe International Society for Krishna Consciousness, commonly known as the Hare Krishna movement, offers a highly accessible approach to Indian spirituality in contemporary American culture. Among the most intriguing facets of Hare Krishna practice are the prevalence of celebration and the use of activities such as singing, dancing, and feasting as expressions of faith. The dominant musical practice of the Hare Krishna movement is kirtan, the call-and-response performance of sacred devotional chants. According to Hare Krishna belief, kirtan can be a vehicle to spiritual realization and communion with the divine. In the context of public celebration, kirtan may also serve as a performance of the bliss promised by Krishna philosophy and an invitation to listeners to take part. This dissertation examines kirtan as a tool in the mediation of social encounters by considering elements of devotion, participation, and agency in musical performances at four festivals: two Rath Yatra parades in New York City and Los Angeles that take the practices of Krishna worship into public spaces; the Festival of the Holy Name in Alachua, Florida, which involves deep immersion in the process of singing kirtan; and the Festival of Colors in Spanish Fork, Utah, during which a large crowd consisting almost entirely of those not affiliated with the Krishna movement nevertheless gathers to participate in a weekend of Krishna-oriented musicking. I posit that the participatory nature of kirtan as performed in a celebratory context serves to negotiate issues of personal and social identity both within the Krishna movement and in encounters with those outside of it. I further argue that kirtan has the potential to create experiences that are perceived as being personally and spiritually meaningful not only to adherents to Krishna consciousness, but to those who ascribe to differing belief systems but nevertheless find elements of common spiritual experience within the kirtan process.
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Date Issued: 2012
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-5323
Format: Thesis

Title: "Femme Dysfunction Is Pure Gold": A Feminist Political Economic Analysis of Bravo's the Real Housewives.
Creator: Cox, Nicole B., Proffitt, Jennifer M., Edwards, Leigh H., Nudd, Donna M., McDowell, Stephen, School of Communication, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: As a programming powerhouse that has survived five years, more than 200 episodes, and seven series locations, Bravo's The Real Housewives franchise has become a formidable force in cable TV. With viewers in the millions, spin-off shows, merchandise, and cast appearances that extend far beyond Bravo, the presence of the franchise and its "ladies who lunch" cannot be missed in the realm of popular culture. Because of its success and its cultural position as a female-oriented reality TV program,...
Show moreAs a programming powerhouse that has survived five years, more than 200 episodes, and seven series locations, Bravo's The Real Housewives franchise has become a formidable force in cable TV. With viewers in the millions, spin-off shows, merchandise, and cast appearances that extend far beyond Bravo, the presence of the franchise and its "ladies who lunch" cannot be missed in the realm of popular culture. Because of its success and its cultural position as a female-oriented reality TV program, this study examines Bravo's The Real Housewives franchise through the lens of feminist political economy. Exploring the franchise through Kellner's (1995) critical cultural model, this study moves the franchise through the stages of production, text, and reception to understand not only how the franchise is guided by commercial motives, but also how the series upholds elements of capitalism and patriarchy that are problematic for its target audience: females. Through the circuit of production, text, and reception, this research uses critical, ideological textual analysis to unmask the motivations behind The Real Housewives production, the messages regarding gender, race, class, and sexuality found within programming, and the ways in which audiences are making sense of--and responding to--those messages themselves. Concluding that the franchise targets the female audience through intense marketing and interactivity, perpetuates stereotypical gender norms in programming via use of Bravo's infamous "wink," and is textually read by fans largely in line with programming intent, I argue that The Real Housewives franchise targets and exploits the female audience, selling them "images" of themselves that are deeply problematic and indicative of the contemporary epoch of postfeminist media culture. And while fans are responding to the series' messages of gender, race, class, and sexuality in a variety of ways, analysis suggests that they are likewise perpetuating the problematic portrayals in their own online interaction.
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Date Issued: 2012
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-4780
Format: Thesis

Title: "Forced on Exertion": Employment and Boredom in Austen's Sense and Sensibility.
Creator: Yaun, Katherine, Walker, Eric, Faulk, Barry, Warren, Nancy, Department of English, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: This thesis examines the employment choices available to single women on a typical 19th-century Georgian estate, represented by Barton Park in Jane Austen's Sense and Sensibility. The word "employment" appears more than 65 times in her six novels, with approximately 13 references in Sense and Sensibility. Although "employment" signifies a variety of meanings throughout Austen's work, in this study I analyze the word's significations of a single concept, a concentrated activity contributing to...
Show moreThis thesis examines the employment choices available to single women on a typical 19th-century Georgian estate, represented by Barton Park in Jane Austen's Sense and Sensibility. The word "employment" appears more than 65 times in her six novels, with approximately 13 references in Sense and Sensibility. Although "employment" signifies a variety of meanings throughout Austen's work, in this study I analyze the word's significations of a single concept, a concentrated activity contributing to a larger, individually-motivated project. Austen's repeated usage of "employment," coupled with her satiric exposure of Lady Middleton, indicate an underlying consciousness of the tensions associated with the landed gentry's elite status as a leisure class and the culture of boredom that permeated the estate, precluding the normalization of employment. In this work, I focus on a particular slice of the traditional private/public scholarship on 19th century British literature and argue that both male and female estate residents locate themselves in multiple positions along the continuum between boredom and employment. I analyze the characters of Lady Middleton, Elinor and Marianne Dashwood and Edward Ferrars in order to understand the variety of possible cultural responses to this continuum that Austen offers her audience. Sense and Sensibility, Austen's first published novel, tangibly exemplifies an employment choice available to single women of the landed gentry – reading and writing satire – and thus revises the intangible "nothingness" of Lady Middleton's boredom satirized in the novel.
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Date Issued: 2004
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-0990
Format: Thesis

Title: "Fortify the City with Your Tempered Pen": Building Agency in the "City of Ladies" Through Text, Paratext, and Media.
Creator: Smith, Julia Marie, Fleckenstein, Kristie S., Coldiron, A.E.B, Neal, Michael, Department of English, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: In an effort to enhance disciplinary understanding of agency especially for women, recover evidence of women exercising agency historically, and shed light on current debates concerning the interaction between word and image in rhetoric, I explore the extent to which Christine de Pizan, a medieval woman writer, invented and articulated her rhetorical agency. For Christine, the text, the image, and the medium of the manuscript are significant in the development of rhetorical agency; the focus...
Show moreIn an effort to enhance disciplinary understanding of agency especially for women, recover evidence of women exercising agency historically, and shed light on current debates concerning the interaction between word and image in rhetoric, I explore the extent to which Christine de Pizan, a medieval woman writer, invented and articulated her rhetorical agency. For Christine, the text, the image, and the medium of the manuscript are significant in the development of rhetorical agency; the focus of this thesis is on the nature of that agency, particularly how rhetorical agency is invented within the "City of Ladies" folios from her collected works in Harley Ms. 4431. I frame my study of Christine de Pizan and rhetorical agency with Karlyn Kohrs Campbell's work on agency, a particularly powerful construct for my project, because it provides space for both text and paratext and it grapples with the postmodern moment while simultaneously retaining its applicability for historical studies. I begin by examining how Christine's agency emerged through the dialogic between conventions of textual forms. In particular, I consider Campbell's definition that rhetorical agency occurs in texts, because "texts have agency" and are "effected through form" (Campbell 3). Rhetorical agency emerges as Christine complies with cultural expectations concerning the different conventions of form and then subsequently subverts those same conventions to create a space of resistance for women. I explore how Christine reveals her artistry or rhetorical skills when she manipulates the visual aspects of the manuscript page or paratexts, the incidentals and the miniatures, so that they demonstrate her agency. According to Campbell, artistry occurs when "heuristic skills" respond to contingencies" for which there are no precise or universal precepts, although skilled practitioners are alert to recurring patterns" (Campbell 12). Christine complies with the traditional patterns of the paratext, but subverts those patterns, when she repeats traditional paratext with differences. These differences gesture to the text, other elements of the page, and beyond and, in the process, layer new meaning into the manuscript. I then follow with an examination of the manuscript as a medium, where text and paratext function together to communicate meaning. Though both text and paratext have their own rhetorical agency, Christine invents her agency as the "point[s] of articulation" for the manuscript (Campbell 3). Christine executed a great deal of control over the production of her manuscript, which means her rhetorical agency occurs when she articulates her meaning through her authority and negotiation of the materiality and cultural significance of the medium. Because Christine's rhetorical agency emerges from the text, paratext, and manuscript, an examination of Christine's manuscript, Harley Ms. 4431, provides a new look at postmodern agency and the rhetorical agency of medieval manuscripts. Interestingly, Christine wrote at a significant transitional period for ideology and technology and instead of articulating a traditional historical or humanist theory of agency, she performs a complex agency, which is reminiscent of postmodern agency and raises some questions regarding the nature of agency during the medieval era. In addition, the complicated agency created within medieval manuscripts as the verbal and visual texts came together within the medium will contribute to questions of agency and media.
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Date Issued: 2008
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-0359
Format: Thesis

Title: "Free to All": Library Publishing and the Challenge of Open Access.
Creator: Vandegrift, Micah, Bolick, Josh
Abstract/Description: There is a significant and important responsibility as libraries move into the role of publishing to retain our heritage of "access for all." Connecting and collaborating with colleagues in the publishing industry is essential, but should come with the understanding that the library as an organization is access-prone. This article discusses the complexities of navigating that relationship, and calls for libraries and publishers to embrace and respect the position from which we begin. Finally,...
Show moreThere is a significant and important responsibility as libraries move into the role of publishing to retain our heritage of "access for all." Connecting and collaborating with colleagues in the publishing industry is essential, but should come with the understanding that the library as an organization is access-prone. This article discusses the complexities of navigating that relationship, and calls for libraries and publishers to embrace and respect the position from which we begin. Finally, the article forecasts several possible characteristics of what "publishing" might look like if libraries press the principle of access in this growing area.
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Date Issued: 2014
Identifier: FSU_migr_library_faculty_publications-0011, 10.6084/m9.figshare.1088945
Format: Citation

Title: The "FSU Lives" Digitization Project.
Creator: Morris, Sammie, Smith, Plato
Abstract/Description: FSU Libraries Special Collections and Digital Library Center collaborated on development this presentation highlighting FSU Lives Class of 1955 digitization project along with digital preservation of faculty research as part of a guest lecture for Florida State University College of Communication & Information Spring 2011 Digital Libraries course (LIS5472) taught by Dr. Sanghee Oh.
Date Issued: 2011
Identifier: FSU_migr_digital_lib-0013
Format: Citation

Title: "Gimme Shelter"™: The Hidden Causes and Consequences of Internal Displacement.
Creator: Kelley, Kaitlyn N., Department of Political Science
Abstract/Description: What are the causes and consequences of internal displacement during civil conflicts? This project makes two general claims: First, internal displacement is often the intentional byproduct of territorial consolidation during civil wars. Second, internal displacement can create an unfortunate and heretofore undiscovered feedback loop: wide-scale displacement leads to increases in civil war duration as well as intensity, which thereby leads to increased displacement. This project examines these...
Show moreWhat are the causes and consequences of internal displacement during civil conflicts? This project makes two general claims: First, internal displacement is often the intentional byproduct of territorial consolidation during civil wars. Second, internal displacement can create an unfortunate and heretofore undiscovered feedback loop: wide-scale displacement leads to increases in civil war duration as well as intensity, which thereby leads to increased displacement. This project examines these claims through the use of unique micro-level data on the Colombian Civil War as well as cross-national investigations of internal displacement and civil war duration.
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Date Issued: 2015
Identifier: FSU_migr_undergradsymposium2015-0012
Format: Citation

Title: The "God Bearing" Patriarch: Hagia Sophia's Apse Mosaic in Ninth-Century Byzantine Politics.
Creator: Simmons, Sarah C., Jones, Lynn, Gerson, Paula, Bearor, Karen, Department of Art History, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: In this paper, I suggest that the Byzantine Patriarch Photios (r. 858-867, 877-886) used the composition of the apse mosaic of the Theotokos and Christ-Child and its relationship to the light within Hagia Sophia to his political advantage. I propose that on Holy Saturday, 867, Photios attempted to counteract political threats through his Homily 17, which dedicated the apse mosaic, the first figural image installed in Hagia Sophia after the end of Iconoclasm. In Byzantine liturgy, the emperor...
Show moreIn this paper, I suggest that the Byzantine Patriarch Photios (r. 858-867, 877-886) used the composition of the apse mosaic of the Theotokos and Christ-Child and its relationship to the light within Hagia Sophia to his political advantage. I propose that on Holy Saturday, 867, Photios attempted to counteract political threats through his Homily 17, which dedicated the apse mosaic, the first figural image installed in Hagia Sophia after the end of Iconoclasm. In Byzantine liturgy, the emperor played a ceremonial role as the embodiment of Christ, an idea that was widely propagated, for example, by images of Christ on imperial coins. I argue that Photios emphasized his own ceremonial role as a "God Bearer" and appropriated the image of the Theotokos as his own opposing political symbol. With the dedication of the Theotokos image, Photios garnered the visual language needed to oppose imperial authority and created an opportunity to assert his Iconophile polemic. Homily 17 is a result of the continuation of the Iconoclast controversy that persisted since the so-called Truimph of Orthodoxy in 843. Through Photios's dedication of the apse image and its relationship to Hagia Sophia's liturgy, the apse mosaic became a performative image. The activation of the apse mosaic as a performative image is due in part to the effect of light caused by the reflection of the sun off of the gold and glass tesserae. Rico Franses discusses how this light effect creates visual layers of bright golden reflections and dark areas of matte glass in the mosaic's composition. He suggests that these layers convey Orthodox theology to the church's congregation. He explains that the changing light in Hagia Sophia, as the sun rises and lowers, and the effect of the reflected light on the gold tessarae illuminate either the Theotokos or the Christ Child. I propose that Photios took advantage of Hagia Sophia's unique light effect in order to emphasize the Theotokos and his own ceremonial role as a "God Bearer" over the Christ-Child in the political rhetoric of Homily 17 and the liturgy of Hagia Sophia.
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Date Issued: 2011
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-1713
Format: Thesis

Title: "God Help Tristrem the Knight!/He Faught for Ingland": A Narrative and Manuscript Study of English Identity in Sir Tristrem.
Creator: Yaitsky, Lydia, Johnson, David F., Treharne, Elaine, Vitkus, Daniel, Department of English, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: Sir Tristrem is the earliest English versions of the Tristan and Isolde story, and it is the only rendition that presents its protagonist as an English hero. The romance's many markers of Englishness become even more legible in the manuscript context of the poem. With its singular appearance in the Auchinleck Manuscript, National Library of Scotland, Advocates' MS.19.2.1 (c.1330), Sir Tristrem and the deeds of its eponymous hero become inscribed in the Matter of England. Because this is the...
Show moreSir Tristrem is the earliest English versions of the Tristan and Isolde story, and it is the only rendition that presents its protagonist as an English hero. The romance's many markers of Englishness become even more legible in the manuscript context of the poem. With its singular appearance in the Auchinleck Manuscript, National Library of Scotland, Advocates' MS.19.2.1 (c.1330), Sir Tristrem and the deeds of its eponymous hero become inscribed in the Matter of England. Because this is the only medieval instance of the poem, this study of national identity in Sir Tristrem must be contextualized within its literary tradition and its manuscript context. When judged against the courtly standards as represented in Thomas' Tristran and Gottfried's Tristan, the Middle English Sir Tristrem pales in comparison. But this comparison assumes that the anonymous Middle English poet was participating in the same courtly narrative tradition as Thomas and Gottfried. In my study of the poem, I argue that the Tristrem poet purposefully rejects the courtly tradition. In reducing the emphasis on emotional responses and focusing instead on land rights and public performance, Sir Tristrem blends the courtly Tristan narratives with the tales of English heroes. Tristrem travels to Ermonie to win back his heritage. In avenging the death of his father, Tristrem behaves like the famous English heroes Havelok, Guy, and Boeve, but his story differs from theirs because of Tristrem's inability to settle down and establish a dynasty. The only way to secure an inheritance is by transmitting it to the next generation. Despite his marriage to Ysonde of the White Hands, Tristrem never fathers any children. His only recourse is to establish a new dynasty, one not related to him by blood: the dynasty of his foster father Rohand and his sons. This argument that Sir Tristrem participates in the English hero tradition finds support in the manuscript evidence of the Auchinleck MS. The manuscript compiler has selected five English hero romances—Guy of Warwick (couplets), Guy of Warwick (stanzas), Reinbroun (the romance of Guy's son), Sir Beues of Hamtoun, and Horn Childe and Maiden Rimnild—and may have selected Sir Tristrem because of its narrative similarities to them. The manuscript context of Sir Tristrem helps its eponymous hero gain recognition as a tragic exiled-and-returned English hero. The Auchinleck manuscript appropriates Sir Tristrem into the Matter of England romances—tales that narrate a history of the nation and were read by fourteenth-century audiences as history or glimpses into the past.
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Date Issued: 2009
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-1159
Format: Thesis

Title: A "Good Report of England": Narratives of Production and National Identity in Early Modern Print (1473-1625).
Creator: Brown, Meaghan Jane, Coldiron, Anne E. B., Leushuis, Reinier, Taylor, Gary, Gants, David, Department of English, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: "A 'Good Report of England'" explores the relationship between nascent conceptions of English nationhood and the development of printers' personas in early modern texts. Although the invention of the printing press is widely understood to have influenced the formation of early modern national identities, the idea that print itself has a history of textual representation has not been factored heavily into that understanding. By examining printers' self-representations and textual narratives of...
Show more"A 'Good Report of England'" explores the relationship between nascent conceptions of English nationhood and the development of printers' personas in early modern texts. Although the invention of the printing press is widely understood to have influenced the formation of early modern national identities, the idea that print itself has a history of textual representation has not been factored heavily into that understanding. By examining printers' self-representations and textual narratives of print-production, this dissertation explores how generic conventions for representing the act of printing develop over the first 150 years of the technology's existence, and in doing so, investigates the relationship between these developing representations and what Richard Helgerson calls the "discursive forms of nationhood." This study draws on close bibliographic study of printed sources as well as manuscript correspondence, Stationers' Company records and legal documents to question the narratives of production told by specific printers within their publications and to problematize the relationship between such narratives and the texts they accompany. Jürgen Habermas's proposed "literary precursor" to the public sphere and Benedict Anderson's "imagined communities" both suppose that a political discourse eventually emerged from print's capacity to engage readers in a discursive community - a community defined by their own engagement with texts. This dissertation argues that printers' epistles manipulated both the concept of community and the concept of readers' engagement as they actively negotiated the terms of print's place in the political landscape. This dissertation focuses on printed texts related to English history and contemporary news events - from verse exemplars of good governance and hagiographies of national heroes, to history plays and polemical news pamphlets - that occurred in multiple editions, either synchronically produced through translation or diachronically reprinted over the period in question. Focusing on often-reprinted texts allows me to examine the adaptations and nuances of paratextual elements, primarily "Printer to the Reader" epistles and frame narratives, and to historicize these elements as they guide the readings of a variety of historical texts. My project asks why an inscribed-printer - often, but not always, authored by the historical printer of a given work - was created to contribute narrative to such works and what the uses of such personae can tell us about the political capital of early modern print.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-7732
Format: Thesis

Title: "He Cannot Be a Gentleman Which Loveth Not Hawking and Hunting": Reading Early Modern English Hunting Treatises as Courtesy Books.
Creator: Lee, Karen A. Kaiser, Boehrer, Bruce T., Vitkus, Daniel, Warren, Nancy Bradley, Department of English, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: The nobility of the Renaissance era enjoyed an elaborate form of hunting, called par force, which involved many horses, dogs, and huntsmen and offered many opportunities for social display. Par force hunting came with a set of ritualized actions and its own unique vocabulary. English monarchs, especially James I, instituted regulations on who could participate based on social status. As the higher social echelons became more permeable, and hunting remained the recreation of choice for those...
Show moreThe nobility of the Renaissance era enjoyed an elaborate form of hunting, called par force, which involved many horses, dogs, and huntsmen and offered many opportunities for social display. Par force hunting came with a set of ritualized actions and its own unique vocabulary. English monarchs, especially James I, instituted regulations on who could participate based on social status. As the higher social echelons became more permeable, and hunting remained the recreation of choice for those of elevated status, this turned the sport into a skill necessary for those new to the court. This study looks at early modern English hunting manuals to examine how they functioned as courtesy literature for those newly admitted to higher levels of society, examining the rhetorical and instructional techniques employed in early modern English hunting treatises to ascertain similarities between to two types of books.
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Date Issued: 2007
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-3363
Format: Thesis

Title: "He Knew That a Valley Was a Culture": W.S. Mason and the Formation of a Musical Community in Charleston, West Virginia, 1906-1956.
Creator: Kahre, Sarah E., Van Glahn, Denise, Brewer, Charles E., Bakan, Michael B., College of Music, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: There are many examples of small communities where members of the population took action to fill a cultural void; one is Charleston, West Virginia. A critical figure in the development of Charleston's active performing community was William Sandheger Mason (1873-1941), founder of the Mason College of Music and Fine Arts. Both through the influence of his school and his own performing and conducting in the 1910s and 1920s, Mason established a taste for European art music in the rapidly growing...
Show moreThere are many examples of small communities where members of the population took action to fill a cultural void; one is Charleston, West Virginia. A critical figure in the development of Charleston's active performing community was William Sandheger Mason (1873-1941), founder of the Mason College of Music and Fine Arts. Both through the influence of his school and his own performing and conducting in the 1910s and 1920s, Mason established a taste for European art music in the rapidly growing city. Although most of the organizations he founded failed during the Great Depression, Mason's school continued to influence the area well after his death. Additionally, Mason facilitated the successes of the organizations that serve the area today by establishing a base of both performers and concertgoers.
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Date Issued: 2008
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-3372
Format: Thesis

Title: "Her Body Is Her Own": Victorian Feminists, Sexual Violence, and Political Subjectivity.
Creator: Trumble, Kelly Lynn, Standley, Fred, Boutin, Aimee, Burke, Helen, Faulk, Barry, Department of English, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: During the latter half of the nineteenth century, women publicly confronted the issue of sexual violence for the first time. Feminists campaigned against the state-sanctioned "instrumental rape" perpetrated on women under the Contagious Diseases Acts, demanded access to medical knowledge in order to free themselves from the hands of male doctors, and attacked the marital exemption in rape law, an effort which paved the way for a married woman's legal right to her own body. This dissertation...
Show moreDuring the latter half of the nineteenth century, women publicly confronted the issue of sexual violence for the first time. Feminists campaigned against the state-sanctioned "instrumental rape" perpetrated on women under the Contagious Diseases Acts, demanded access to medical knowledge in order to free themselves from the hands of male doctors, and attacked the marital exemption in rape law, an effort which paved the way for a married woman's legal right to her own body. This dissertation traces the journey of selected Victorian feminists toward political subjectivity by exploring how their discussions of and resistance against sexual violence served as a key portal through which they began to construct themselves as "subjects" with a natural right to bodily integrity. Making use of feminist narratological theories, I analyze the rhetorical strategies emerging from women's non-fictional texts to argue that their resistance against the myriad forms of sexual violence became indistinguishable from the struggle for political subjectivity, the liberties that women believed they held as politically equal individuals. Feminists struck at the heart of liberal political theory, exposing the falsity of the public/private distinction which effectively disqualified women from consideration as civil individuals capable of making choices concerning their own lives and bodies. They appropriated liberalism's theory of liberty and equality, including themselves in that liberal definition to argue that all people, not just men, were created as free and equal individuals with the concomitant right to bodily inviolability. By ignoring the gender discrimination upon which the English constitutional system rested and positioning themselves as political subjects whose freedom of self-ownership was being infringed upon, feminists were, I would suggest, shifting the prevailing assumption of women's rights through ideological change. If women were perceived as civil subjects with all the measures of political freedom granted to them, they could end sexual abuse by affecting the laws that made that abuse possible. However, once women discovered that an ideological shift alone would not prompt male legislators to act on their behalf, they transferred their energies into lobbying for female suffrage, the only means by which they might protect themselves and their own interests.
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Date Issued: 2004
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-1508
Format: Thesis

Title: "Hide It under a Bush, Hell No!" Women's Volunteer Associations as Adult Education Initiatives.
Creator: Moran, Patricia, Easton, Peter B., Laughlin, Karen, Shargel, Emanuel, MacDonald, Victoria-Maria, College of Nursing, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: Age related cataracts are one of the major causes of loss of vision worldwide. Approximately 20 million people in the United States have their vision obstructed by cataracts and 500,000 new cases are diagnosed annually. The treatment for cataract is surgical extraction. The surgery is more than 95% successful in significantly improving vision. Because of continual advancements in cataract surgery, it is almost exclusively performed as an outpatient procedure and involves the administration of...
Show moreAge related cataracts are one of the major causes of loss of vision worldwide. Approximately 20 million people in the United States have their vision obstructed by cataracts and 500,000 new cases are diagnosed annually. The treatment for cataract is surgical extraction. The surgery is more than 95% successful in significantly improving vision. Because of continual advancements in cataract surgery, it is almost exclusively performed as an outpatient procedure and involves the administration of local anesthesia. For the most part patients are fully conscious during the procedure and it is imperative that they remain still. In the elderly, fear of loss of vision related to cataract surgery is second only to the fear of death. Although studies have shown that the average cataract patient is not unduly anxious regarding cataract surgery, anxiety is a known entity. An increase in anxiety can cause a patient to be restless, jittery, and agitated, all of which can cause unanticipated movement and hence a deleterious outcome. People are social beings. Interaction with and among other people provides and conveys support, comfort, and reassurance. Touch, specifically hand holding, has been shown to decrease anxiety and stress in multiple situations. It is minimally invasive, safe, reassuring and could allow patients to communicate during procedures where verbal communication, if done without parameters, as in cataract surgery, could be devastating. The findings of this study failed to reveal a significant difference in post op anxiety scores in either the treatment group or the non treatment group. However, subjectively, those people who received hand holding strongly agreed that hand holding helped to decrease anxiety during the procedure. The physician rating for patient compliance did not reveal a significant level of increase with the intervention during surgery. Again, subjectively, the majority of patients strongly agreed that hand holding did help them to be more compliant to the surgeon's request. None of the participants that received hand holding felt an intrusion of personal space during the treatment. Results strongly suggest, at least subjectively, that hand holding is beneficial in decreasing anxiety, increasing compliance to intraoperative request, and is much welcomed, beneficial nursing intervention.
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Date Issued: 2007
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-2269
Format: Thesis

Title: "His-Panic": Latin-American Poetry in Translation.
Creator: Ruiz, Daniel, Department of English
Abstract/Description: Though I learned it first, I no longer speak Spanish fluently. Wishing to reconnect myself to my language and my culture—my own interests also piqued by the romantic sound of the language and the sheer brilliance and precision of the Spanish-language poets I had read—I returned to the language through poetry translation in an attempt to morph what had become unfamiliar (Spanish) into the language with which I have become most familiar (English). The purpose of this presentation is to give...
Show moreThough I learned it first, I no longer speak Spanish fluently. Wishing to reconnect myself to my language and my culture—my own interests also piqued by the romantic sound of the language and the sheer brilliance and precision of the Spanish-language poets I had read—I returned to the language through poetry translation in an attempt to morph what had become unfamiliar (Spanish) into the language with which I have become most familiar (English). The purpose of this presentation is to give insight into processes—of writing, rewriting, translating poems from Spanish to English, and learning to confront and accept the unfamiliar. Over the summer, I traveled to Uruguay and Argentina, where I was forced to speak Spanish only, where even my limited Puerto Rican Spanish was foreign to the European-influenced Spanish of South America. Living in Tallahassee before and after my trip, I worked to improve my Spanish and focused my reading on poets from Latin-American countries and on the notable essays and books on translation that are considered paramount in the field. My period of focus is the twentieth century, and while English-language poets were writing about "The Everyday", their Latin-American counterparts, while still, as Emerson says, embracing "the common," often focused on the big issues of Life, Death, Time, and especially Love. My goal is this: I wish to relay the experience of working in two languages instead of one, and to show how the discourse between languages altered my writing and the way I think about language.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: FSU_migr_undergradresearch-0004
Format: Citation

Title: THE "HOLY EXPERIMENT": AN EXAMINATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDS UPON THE DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION OF AMERICAN CORRECTIONAL PHILOSOPHY (QUAKERS, RENAL, PRISON REFORM).
Creator: CROMWELL, PAUL FRANK., Florida State University
Abstract/Description: The Quaker era in American corrections is traditionally characterized in criminological literature as the brief experiment with substitution of imprisonment for the sanguinary corporal and capital punishments of England and the other colonies by William Penn in 1682, and as the subsequent rebirth of the philosophy by Philadelphia Quakers between 1790-1840., The premise underlying this research is that the origin and evolution of American correctional philosophy cannot be fully and accurately...
Show moreThe Quaker era in American corrections is traditionally characterized in criminological literature as the brief experiment with substitution of imprisonment for the sanguinary corporal and capital punishments of England and the other colonies by William Penn in 1682, and as the subsequent rebirth of the philosophy by Philadelphia Quakers between 1790-1840., The premise underlying this research is that the origin and evolution of American correctional philosophy cannot be fully and accurately understood from any perspective that limits the Quaker influence to early periods of American history. The study elaborates the direct and indirect influence of a Quaker social reform movement which began in Europe in 1670 and continues today as a vital and viable force behind correctional public policy in the United States. Although the strength and impact of the Quaker social reform movement, the "holy experiment," as William Penn termed it, has waxed and waned over the past three centuries, the efforts of the Society of Friends to attain social justice in correctional reform has been a continuous social reform movement., The present research interprets the Quaker correctional reforms in America as a single social movement which evolved in distinct stages over a period of three hundred years. The theoretical frame of reference is a social contextual perspective, which considers the events in the social, political and economic context of the time., The evolution of the American correctional philosophy can be seen as a single, extended social movement which began with the Quaker persecution in Europe and the subsequent migration to America; evolved into an utopian effort to establish a new and better means of dealing with the criminal; and, further developed into a reform effort, diffusing the gospel of the "penitentiary" and the new "prison discipline." Its basic philosophy remained for the next one hundred years the foundation of American correctional policy, only to be reexamined in the mid-twentieth century and found wanting by the same reformers who established it, and the struggle for reform began again.
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Date Issued: 1986, 1986
Identifier: AAI8612198, 3086301, FSDT3086301, fsu:75784
Format: Document (PDF)

Title: "How Hard I Have Manoeveured": Elizabeth Waring, J. Waties Waring, and Their Rhetorical Campaign to End School Segregation.
Creator: Fenimore, Wanda Little, Houck, Davis W., Fleckenstein, Kristie S., Nudd, Donna M., Proffitt, Jennifer M., School of Communication, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: On January 16, 1950, Elizabeth Waring delivered an explosive speech to the Coming Street (black) Young Women's Christian Association in Charleston, South Carolina. The speech was the first in a rhetorical campaign launched by Mrs. Waring and her husband, federal Judge J. Waties Waring, to publicize racial oppression and segregation in the South. Because of the outraged reaction and media publicity of the Charleston YWCA speech, Mrs. Waring garnered an invitation to appear on NBC's nationally...
Show moreOn January 16, 1950, Elizabeth Waring delivered an explosive speech to the Coming Street (black) Young Women's Christian Association in Charleston, South Carolina. The speech was the first in a rhetorical campaign launched by Mrs. Waring and her husband, federal Judge J. Waties Waring, to publicize racial oppression and segregation in the South. Because of the outraged reaction and media publicity of the Charleston YWCA speech, Mrs. Waring garnered an invitation to appear on NBC's nationally televised Meet the Press. On the show, Mrs. Waring shocked Southern whites further when she declared that people should be allowed to marry whoever they please. In other words, the taboo against interracial sex was nonsensical. In this dissertation, I examine the rhetorical campaign of the Warings from historical-critical and rhetorical perspectives. I situate their rhetoric within its historical context of the Jim Crow South as well as the rhetorical situation that gave rise to the Warings' public discourse. Rather than a specific method, I employ close reading of the text of the YWCA speech to determine the ways that Mrs. Waring spoke of race relations and social equality. Along with delving deeply into the Charleston YWCA speech, I establish continuities between it and the Warings' other speeches. In addition, I argue that the Warings defied the rhetorical situation in terms of persuasion and fitting response because their rhetoric adheres to the elements of exhortation as well as polarization, shock, prophetic, and agitator rhetoric. After closely reading the text of the speech, I turn to the response among Southern whites and media by examining newspaper articles, editorials, and letters written to the Warings. The Warings endured social ostracism, vile letters, harassing phone calls, impeachment threats, and attacks upon their home. Yet, despite their efforts and perseverance, their attempts to end school segregation are little known. The timing of the Warings' rhetorical campaign is significant in terms of the Clarendon County school segregation case that began in 1948. After landing in Judge Waring's courtroom on two separate occasions, the matter eventually became one of the cases (Briggs v. Elliott) of Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court decision that ruled school segregation was unconstitutional. The rhetorical history of Briggs, specifically its prominence and significance as part of Brown, is largely unwritten. Judge Waring presided over these cases and ordered Thurgood Marshall and NAACP attorneys to revise the suit from an equalization case to a direct attack on the constitutionality of legally-mandated segregation. Southern whites continually questioned the Warings' motives, claiming that the couple was using race relations to exact revenge on the whites who socially spurned them. However, Elizabeth and Waties' activism included public and private actions. Along with their rhetoric and Judge Waring's judicial opinions, the Warings corresponded regularly with a network of prominent civil rights advocates like Septima Clark, James Dombrowsky, Aubrey Williams, Marion Wright, Walter White, and Myles Horton. They frequently entertained blacks in their home and aided Reverend Joseph De Laine after he fled South Carolina. I argue that the Warings were involved in both covert and overt actions to achieve their goal, the end of school segregation, and their motives were genuine, not spiteful. They purposefully pursued a rhetorical course of action to influence the outcome of the Clarendon County school segregation case. Examining that campaign offers a different appreciation and understanding for how Brown came about.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-8700
Format: Thesis

Title: "How We Got Ovah": Afrocentric Spirituality in Black Arts Movement Women's Poetry.
Creator: Green, Dara Tafakari, McGregory, Jerrilyn, Montgomery, Maxine, Moore, Dennis, Department of English, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: This study, using poetry by Carolyn Rodgers, Sarah Webster Fabio, Sonia Sanchez, Sharon Bourke, Ntozake Shange and Jayne Cortez, examines the manifestations of Afrocentric spirituality in women's writing during the Black Arts Movement. Until recently, there has been a paucity of scholarship on the movement. When studying the BAM, critics have heretofore concentrated on sexism, homophobia, nationalism, and racism as its most prominent aspects. However, BAM writers also have a marked concern...
Show moreThis study, using poetry by Carolyn Rodgers, Sarah Webster Fabio, Sonia Sanchez, Sharon Bourke, Ntozake Shange and Jayne Cortez, examines the manifestations of Afrocentric spirituality in women's writing during the Black Arts Movement. Until recently, there has been a paucity of scholarship on the movement. When studying the BAM, critics have heretofore concentrated on sexism, homophobia, nationalism, and racism as its most prominent aspects. However, BAM writers also have a marked concern with spirituality from an African epistemological standpoint, which brings new possibilities for critical analysis to the forefront. Theorists such as Larry Neal furthermore termed the movement as a spiritual sister to the Black Power Movement. This project contributes to the burgeoning conversation on BAM women's poetry by evaluating the ways in which they deem spirituality as essential for agency as women and as black citizens. I identify three major themes in which women's spirituality serves as a prerequisite for or an enabler of black liberation and revolution. Chapter One explains how Carolyn Rodgers, in her books Songs of a Blackbird and How I Got Ovah, creates personas that initially reject Christianity as a Eurocentric religious construction, but subsequently acknowledge the Afrocentric spirituality of the black church and ascribe to it a revolutionary blackness. Chapter Two demonstrates, through Ntozake Shange's for colored girls who have considered suicide / when the rainbow is enuf and Sonia Sanchez's I've Been a Woman, that women must first give birth to themselves spiritually before they can successfully accomplish the birth of the black nation. Chapter Three examines five poems by Carolyn Rodgers, Jayne Cortez, Sonia Sanchez, Sarah Webster Fabio, and Sharon Bourke, arguing that black women poets activate nommo, the power of words to influence action, when they write jazz poetry; as cultural and spiritual leaders in their own rights, they serve as a type of co-priestess to the black community when they recognize the jazz artist as a spiritual priest. Conclusively, I determine that there is indeed space for the recognition of the intended spiritual goals and accomplishments of the Black Arts Movement, and especially of marginalized black women's poetry.
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Date Issued: 2007
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-4007
Format: Thesis

Title: "I Am in the, and Thow Are in Me": Finding Feminine Spirtuality in the Book of Margery Kempe.
Creator: Robitaille, Danielle, Warren, Nancy, Johnson, David F., Crook, Eugene, Department of English, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: This paper explores the transition of Margery Kempe from a married laywoman to celibate mystic in The Book of Margery Kempe. Margery grapples with three very different and distinct challenges in the course of finding her spiritual niche in the patriarchal-dominated medieval Church. Margery must first deal with overcoming the Church's view that her body was a site of sinfulness and ontological monstrosity. She then chooses to seek the aid of her spiritual predecessors and discover where she...
Show moreThis paper explores the transition of Margery Kempe from a married laywoman to celibate mystic in The Book of Margery Kempe. Margery grapples with three very different and distinct challenges in the course of finding her spiritual niche in the patriarchal-dominated medieval Church. Margery must first deal with overcoming the Church's view that her body was a site of sinfulness and ontological monstrosity. She then chooses to seek the aid of her spiritual predecessors and discover where she fits into the tradition of female mystics. Finally, she must come to terms with the fact that due to the fact that she was functionally illiterate, she must filter her biography through the hand of a scribe. Throughout all of her experiences, she constantly seeks validation from the male clergy, her spiritual foremothers, and other members of society. However, to alleviate her fears and anxieties, Margery must go within herself, get her narrative written and carve her own space within the Catholic Church. By doing this, she effectively makes her place within the Church, the literary canon, and creates the first autobiography in the English language.
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Date Issued: 2005
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-1800
Format: Thesis

Title: "I Am the Conjure": Sharon Bridgforth and a Theatre of Multiplicity.
Creator: Ormiston, Rebecca, Osborne, Elizabeth, Dahl, Mary Karen, Salata, Kris, School of Theatre, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: This thesis focuses on Sharon Bridgforth's performance pieces. Examining Bridgforth's performance texts, a more complicated and--at times-- contradictory way of approaching subjectivity emerges, challenging ideas of cultural authenticity, essentialism, and a self-contained Black aesthetic. I position Bridgforth's performance pieces as points of entry for discussing the U.S. American theatre's misleading categorization of plays by women playwrights of color as plays concerned with race over...
Show moreThis thesis focuses on Sharon Bridgforth's performance pieces. Examining Bridgforth's performance texts, a more complicated and--at times-- contradictory way of approaching subjectivity emerges, challenging ideas of cultural authenticity, essentialism, and a self-contained Black aesthetic. I position Bridgforth's performance pieces as points of entry for discussing the U.S. American theatre's misleading categorization of plays by women playwrights of color as plays concerned with race over aesthetics-- an oversimplified system that undercuts the multifaceted, polyphonic plays and performance pieces written, and limits the multiple interpretations possible in these works. I ultimately advocate for reimagining U.S. American theatre's discourse on race and gender, asking spectators to consider ways in which the voices "from the fringe" challenge incomplete binaries of identity and community.
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Date Issued: 2012
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-6503
Format: Thesis

Title: "I am the Truth (أنا الحق)": Finding a Critique of Sufism from Three Accounts of Al-Hallaj's Utterance.
Creator: Robinson, Brennan Jeffrey
Date Issued: 2017-04-30
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1493611244
Format: Thesis

Title: "I Can Name that Bayesian Network in Two Matrixes!".
Creator: Almond, Russell
Abstract/Description: The traditional approach to building Bayesian networks is to build the graphical structure using a graphical editor and then add probabilities using a separate spreadsheet for each node. This can make it difficult for a design team to get an impression of the total evidence provided by an assessment, especially if the Bayesian network is split into many fragments to make it more manageable. Using the design patterns commonly used to build Bayesian networks for educational assessments, the...
Show moreThe traditional approach to building Bayesian networks is to build the graphical structure using a graphical editor and then add probabilities using a separate spreadsheet for each node. This can make it difficult for a design team to get an impression of the total evidence provided by an assessment, especially if the Bayesian network is split into many fragments to make it more manageable. Using the design patterns commonly used to build Bayesian networks for educational assessments, the collection of networks necessary can be specified using two matrixes. An inverse covariance matrix among the proficiency variables (the variables which are the target of interest) specifies the graphical structure and relation strength of the proficiency model. A Q-matrix — an incidence matrix whose rows represent observable outcomes from assessment tasks and whose columns represent proficiency variables — provides the graphical structure of the evidence models (graph fragments linking proficiency variables to observable outcomes). The Q-matrix can be augmented to provide details of relationship strengths and provide a high level overview of the kind of evidence available in the assessment. The representation of the model using matrixes means that the bulk of the specification work can be done using a desktop spreadsheet program and does not require specialized software, facilitating collaboration with external experts. The design idea is illustrated with some examples from prior assessment design projects.
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Date Issued: 2007-01-01
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1472579811
Format: Citation

Title: "I Couldn't Help It!": Essays on Moral Responsibility and Alternative Possibilities.
Creator: Capes, Justin A., Mele, Alfred, Kelsay, John, Clarke, Randolph, McNaughton, David, Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: According to the Principle of Alternate Possibilities (PAP), a person is blameworthy for what he did only if he could have avoided doing it. This principle figures importantly in disputes about the relationship between determinism, divine foreknowledge, free will and moral responsibility, and has been the subject of considerable controversy for over forty years now. Proponents of the principle have devoted a good deal of energy and ingenuity to defending it against various objections....
Show moreAccording to the Principle of Alternate Possibilities (PAP), a person is blameworthy for what he did only if he could have avoided doing it. This principle figures importantly in disputes about the relationship between determinism, divine foreknowledge, free will and moral responsibility, and has been the subject of considerable controversy for over forty years now. Proponents of the principle have devoted a good deal of energy and ingenuity to defending it against various objections. Surprisingly, however, they have devoted comparatively little effort to developing positive arguments for it, and, with few exceptions, the arguments they have proposed have received little, if any, critical attention. My dissertation is intended to help fill this gap in the literature on PAP. There are three main arguments for PAP. I critically evaluate each of these arguments, arguing that they are all unsuccessful. Where, then, does that leave PAP? I suggest that, in the absence of any further compelling arguments for or against the principle, debate over it is likely to end in dialectical stalemate. I conclude by highlighting several implications of this suggestion for recent debates about the metaphysics of moral responsibility.
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Date Issued: 2011
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-0083
Format: Thesis

Title: "I Have to Know Who I Am": An Africana Womanist Analysis of Afro-Brazilian Identity in the Literature of Miriam Alves, Esmeralda Ribeiro and Conceição Evaristo.
Creator: Gilliam, Doris Waddell, Sharpe, Peggy, Erndl, Kathleen, Poey, Delia, Galeano, Juan Carlos, Program in Interdisciplinary Humanities, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: ABSTRACT This dissertation explores black female identity in the literature of contemporary Afro-Brazilian writers Miriam Alves, Esmeralda Ribeiro, and Conceição Evaristo. The research approaches Alves poem "Estranho Indagar" (1983), Ribeiro's short fiction work "Ogun," and Evaristo's novel Ponciá Vicêncio utilizing Africana Womanist Theory. It situates Afro- Brazilian female writing within a global Africana Womanist paradigm and focuses on two of the theory's eighteen tenets,self-definer and...
Show moreABSTRACT This dissertation explores black female identity in the literature of contemporary Afro-Brazilian writers Miriam Alves, Esmeralda Ribeiro, and Conceição Evaristo. The research approaches Alves poem "Estranho Indagar" (1983), Ribeiro's short fiction work "Ogun," and Evaristo's novel Ponciá Vicêncio utilizing Africana Womanist Theory. It situates Afro- Brazilian female writing within a global Africana Womanist paradigm and focuses on two of the theory's eighteen tenets,self-definer and self-namer to explore the concept of black identity in Afro-Brazilian female writing. Chapter One reviews the socio-cultural origins of the challenges of black female identity. It also proposes Africana Womanism as a methodology for examining black female identity in Brazil. Chapter Two surveys literature on twentieth century Brazilian racial ideology, Afro-Brazilian history, and activism, as well as the marginalization of Afro- Brazilian women from Brazilian history and the literary canon. Chapter Three focuses on the mãe preta and mulata stereotypes as the root cause of black female invisibilization, lack of socio-economic progress, and stifling of black female identity. Moreover, it contrasts currently utilized feminist theories and argues for the use of Africana Womanism as an appropriate global perspective for understanding and analyzing the lives of Afro-Brazilian women. Chapter Four applies the Africana Womanist tenets of self-namer and self-definer to the works "Estranho Indagar", "Ogun," and Ponciá Vicêncio to investigate the relationship between self-naming, self-definition and Afro-Brazilian female identity. Chapter Five summarizes the previous chapters, offers findings from the study, and suggests avenues of new research for future Brazilian and Brazilianist scholars.
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Date Issued: 2013
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-7641
Format: Thesis

Title: "I Kinda Just Messed with It": Investigating Students' Resources for Learning Digital Composing Technologies Outside of Class.
Creator: Keaton, Megan K., Neal, Michael R., McDowell, Stephen D., Yancey, Kathleen Blake, Fleckenstein, Kristie S., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of...
Show moreKeaton, Megan K., Neal, Michael R., McDowell, Stephen D., Yancey, Kathleen Blake, Fleckenstein, Kristie S., Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Department of English
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Abstract/Description: This dissertation investigates the resources that students use to learn new digital technologies to complete course assignments. This work is particularly important in a time when teachers are assigning more multimodal projects. If students are using and learning digital technologies to complete our assignments, we might argue that we should teach our students how to use the specific technologies they would use for the assignment. Yet, teaching students specific technologies is complicated...
Show moreThis dissertation investigates the resources that students use to learn new digital technologies to complete course assignments. This work is particularly important in a time when teachers are assigning more multimodal projects. If students are using and learning digital technologies to complete our assignments, we might argue that we should teach our students how to use the specific technologies they would use for the assignment. Yet, teaching students specific technologies is complicated for several reasons, including limited time and resources, numerous and quickly obsolete software, different levels of expertise for students and teachers, and more. Because of these complications, students may benefit from spending less time with instruction in specific technologies and more time considering practices for learning new digital technologies. This dissertation works to discover practices that teachers can use in the classroom to help their students learn how to learn new digital technologies in order to compose multimodal texts. To do this, I investigate how students are already learning technologies outside of the classroom and use this investigation to identify possible pedagogical directions. To gain a broader understanding of the resources students are using, I surveyed five sections of an upper-level composition course in which students completed at least one digital assignment. Then, to gain a more nuanced and richer description of resource use, I interviewed three of these students. To analyze the data, I used a framework adapted from Jeanette R. Hill and Michael J. Hannafin's components for Resource-Based Learning (RBL). RBL is a pedagogical approach that aims to teach students how to learn and to produce students who are self-directed problem-solvers, able to work both collaboratively and individually. Though RBL is a pedagogical approach, I used its values and parameters as a lens for understanding students' use of resources. RBL (as the name suggests) puts emphasis on the resources students use to facilitate their learning. Given the wide variety of resources and the ways in which they can be used in the classroom, few scholars articulate precisely what RBL may look like more generally. Hill and Hannafin (2010), however, list four components among which RBL can vary: resources, tools, contexts, and scaffolds. In this study, resource is an umbrella term for the tools, contexts, and humans students may use to support their learning. Tools are the non-human objects that students use to learn new technologies. Humans are the people from whom students seek help. Contexts are the rhetorical situations (specifically the audiences and purposes for composing) surrounding the technological learning, the students' past technological experiences, and the physical locations in which students work. An important element of this study is to identify not only what resources students use, but also how they use their resources; scaffolds are how the resources are used. The scaffolds in this study are as follows: conceptual scaffolds – resources help students decide the order in which to complete tasks, understand the affordances and constraints of the technology, and learn the genre conventions of a given text; metacognitive scaffolds – resources help students tap into their prior knowledge; procedural scaffolds – resources provide students with step-by-step instructions for completing tasks or with definitions of vocabulary; and strategic scaffolds – resources encourage students to experiment in order to learn and solve problems they encounter while learning the technology. In addition to addressing what and how students use resources to learn to perform tasks with the technology, I also examined how students used resources to learn the specialized vocabulary of the technology and the technology's affordances and constraints. The study resulted in eight findings about the ways in which students are using resources. These findings were then used to identify three areas for possible strategies teachers might consider to help students use resources to learn new technologies: 1. Helping students effectively choose technologies, which includes assisting them in (a) using resources to identify technology options and learn about the affordances and constraints of the options and (b) using the affordances and constraints, their composing situations, and the available resources to choose the technology that best meets their needs. 2. Helping students effectively use templates, which includes aiding them in (a) using templates to learn about the genres in which they are composing, (b) selecting effective templates, and (c) altering the templates based on their rhetorical situations and preferences. 3. Helping students learn the technology's specialized vocabulary, which includes assisting them in (a) identifying familiar visual and linguistic vocabulary, (b) making educated guesses about unfamiliar vocabulary, and (c) using resources to learn unfamiliar vocabulary.
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Date Issued: 2017
Identifier: FSU_2017SP_Keaton_fsu_0071E_13707
Format: Thesis

Title: "I'm a Hustler" (or Used to Be): Creating Alternative Black Masculinities in Post-Civil Rights Era African American Hustler Narratives.
Creator: Garnes, Lamar J., Shinn, Christopher, Ashford, Tomeiko, Jones, Maxine, Department of English, Florida State University
Abstract/Description: This study concentrates on the misunderstood and maligned figure of the black hustler to re-assess the 1960s constructions of black masculinity as they inform the politics of race and class mobility in the United States during and after the Civil Rights period. Whereas critics such as David Dudley, Lawrence Goodheart, Patrick Daniel Moynihan, and Terri Hume Oliver, amongst others, have read the black street hustler in terms of psychopathology and criminality, I argue that Claude Brown,...
Show moreThis study concentrates on the misunderstood and maligned figure of the black hustler to re-assess the 1960s constructions of black masculinity as they inform the politics of race and class mobility in the United States during and after the Civil Rights period. Whereas critics such as David Dudley, Lawrence Goodheart, Patrick Daniel Moynihan, and Terri Hume Oliver, amongst others, have read the black street hustler in terms of psychopathology and criminality, I argue that Claude Brown, Malcolm X, and Iceberg Slim enlarge the urban and folkloric roots of the black hustler in order to critique the very foundations of American capitalism itself as well as to challenge the social norms of white middle-class masculinity by mimicking these concepts through hyperbolic performances, which negate both the supposed psychopathology and criminality associated with the black hustler. Although the hustler figure is nearly omnipresent in Claude Brown's Manchild in the Promised Land, Malcolm X's The Autobiography of Malcolm X, and Iceberg Slim's Pimp: The Story of My Life, these selected works tend to be read as autobiographies that rely on conventions of social realism, black nationalism, and/or confessional narratives, focusing exclusively on the negative aspects of the black hustler. Instead, this study claims that the selected texts should be privileged as hustler narratives, drawing attention to the function of the hustler as participating in a wider American tradition of upward class mobility. In the process, the black hustler hyperbolically emulates, criticizes, and rejects or restructures such concepts of individual 'rags-to-riches' capitalism and/or middle class respectability in order to achieve his own status and define his own terms for the construction of alternative black masculinities. Chapter One shows how Brown's Manchild in the Promised Land utilizes the presentation of the hustler to destabilize prevalent articulations of the North as Promised Land in migration narratives and rebuilds community through jazz musicianship and the male-centered community that it creates. Chapter Two posits the hustler in The Autobiography of Malcolm X as a developmental stage that articulates or reproduces itself on the streets, in prison, and within the Nation of Islam and leads Malcolm to an emerging Pan-Africanism through his reliance on, and questioning of, unstable male-centered communities. Chapter Three discusses Iceberg Slim's presentation of the hustler in Pimp: The Story of My Life by highlighting the critical similarities between the pimp and the standard managerial capitalist and reveals how false contrition gains him entry into middle-class status. The Epilogue discusses the work of Nathan McCall and the "strained position of the middle class" as seen through the black male figure, which speaks to the ineffectiveness and lack of functionality that traditional capitalist advancement offers for poor urban settings.
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Date Issued: 2005
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-4356
Format: Thesis

Title: "I'm a Product of Everything I've Been Through": A Narrative Study of the Cultural Identity Construction of Bosnian Muslim Female Refugee Students.
Creator: Clark, Elizabeth Hoffman, Milligan, Jeffrey A., MacDonald, Victoria-Maria, Hasson, Deborah, Beach, King, Shargel, Emanuel, Department of Educational Leadership and Policy...
Show moreClark, Elizabeth Hoffman, Milligan, Jeffrey A., MacDonald, Victoria-Maria, Hasson, Deborah, Beach, King, Shargel, Emanuel, Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, Florida State University
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Abstract/Description: Using Bourdieu's theory of social capital and cultural reproduction as a conceptual framework and narrative inquiry as a methodology, this study explores the role of schooling in the cultural identity development of adolescent females from Bosnian Muslim communities who entered the United States as refugees. The five participants live in a Southeastern city pseudonymously referred to as "Parksburg." Each woman arrived in the U.S. during elementary school years and was either in postsecondary...
Show moreUsing Bourdieu's theory of social capital and cultural reproduction as a conceptual framework and narrative inquiry as a methodology, this study explores the role of schooling in the cultural identity development of adolescent females from Bosnian Muslim communities who entered the United States as refugees. The five participants live in a Southeastern city pseudonymously referred to as "Parksburg." Each woman arrived in the U.S. during elementary school years and was either in postsecondary study or nearing high school graduation at the time of the study. The women's personal narratives reveal a common desire to develop bicultural competence in social as well as academic settings. The self-reported degree of success varied, as women who had chosen to socialize primarily within a peer group of other Bosnian refugee youth felt a stronger connection to their Bosnian language and identity as young adults; this cultural self-identification as Bosnian corresponded with a desire to follow Bosnian cultural practices, marry a Bosnian man and make frequent return visits to Bosnia as well as follow Muslim religious observances. Students whose social and academic realms at school included few other Bosnians were much more likely to have constructed cultural identities in which being American or international was primary and a Bosnian cultural heritage was secondary or one of several equal cultural influences. Race played an important role in cultural identity development, as all the students were aware of the pervasiveness of White privilege and the degree to which their adjustment was easier than that of other refugee and immigrant peers because of their "White" appearance. Most of the students felt relief from their ability to blend into mainstream White U.S. culture and placed a high value on being able to "pass" as non-immigrant White. This desire to blend in led to a conscious choice to downplay Bosnian language and Muslim religious heritage in school and social settings. The two students who had attended schools with a majority of African-American students constructed their racial identities in light of their social context in high school; they insisted to their classmates that they were Bosnian and therefore differentiated themselves from the White American students. This public self-identification as "European" rather than "White" extended to linguistic identity development, as one student adopted African-American Vernacular English as the exclusive form of English she used. Racial identity issues reflect many of Bourdieu's concepts including cultural reproduction, symbolic violence, and the social capital associated with race in contemporary U.S. culture. Narrative data also reveals the challenges of the multiple "uprootings" faced by many refugees who are forced to leave their home country for another country where they may live for several years only to be uprooted and resettled yet again in a third permanent country of residence. The concept of a refugee identity and other elements of cultural identity common to many refugees, such as ethnic conflict and the experience of war trauma, are also discussed. Analysis and interpretation also address a number of aspects of cultural identity development revealed as significant in the narrative data. These include the importance of self-selected cultural identity labels as well as the role of the homeland in the development of cultural identity. Ethnic, religious, and linguistic facets of identity are also addressed as portions of participant narrative illustrate the complexity of cultural identity development among these young women who differ in many ways yet share common struggles of developing bicultural or multiple cultural identities in the United States.
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Date Issued: 2007
Identifier: FSU_migr_etd-3595
Format: Thesis

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