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Title: General Theory Of Absorption In Porous Materials: Restricted Multilayer Theory.
Creator: Aduenko, Alexander A., Murray, Andy, Mendoza-Cortes, Jose L.
Abstract/Description: In this article, we present an approach for the generalization of adsorption of light gases in porous materials. This new theory goes beyond Langmuir and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller theories, which are the standard approaches that have a limited application to crystalline porous materials by their unphysical assumptions on the amount of possible adsorption layers. The derivation of a more general equation for any crystalline porous framework is presented, restricted multilayer theory. Our approach...
Show moreIn this article, we present an approach for the generalization of adsorption of light gases in porous materials. This new theory goes beyond Langmuir and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller theories, which are the standard approaches that have a limited application to crystalline porous materials by their unphysical assumptions on the amount of possible adsorption layers. The derivation of a more general equation for any crystalline porous framework is presented, restricted multilayer theory. Our approach allows the determination of gas uptake considering only geometrical constraints of the porous framework and the interaction energy of the guest molecule with the framework. On the basis of this theory, we calculated optimal values for the adsorption enthalpy at different temperatures and pressures. We also present the use of this theory to 0 determine the optimal linker length for a topologically equivalent framework series. We validate this theoretical approach by applying it to metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and show that it reproduces the experimental results for seven different reported materials. We obtained the universal equation for the optimal linker length, given the topology of a porous framework. This work applied the general equation to MOFs and H-2 to create energy-storage materials; however, this theory can be applied to other crystalline porous materials and light gases, which opens the possibility of designing the next generations of energy-storage materials by first considering only the geometrical constraints of the porous materials.
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Date Issued: 2018-04-18
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000430642100122, 10.1021/acsami.8b02033
Format: Citation

Title: Smart thermosensitive liposomes for effective solid tumor therapy and in vivo imaging.
Creator: Affram, Kevin, Udofot, Ofonime, Singh, Mandip, Krishnan, Sunil, Reams, Renee, Rosenberg, Jens, Agyare, Edward
Abstract/Description: In numerous studies, liposomes have been used to deliver anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin to local heat-triggered tumor. Here, we investigate: (i) the ability of thermosensitive liposomal nanoparticle (TSLnp) as a delivery system to deliver poorly membrane-permeable anticancer drug, gemcitabine (Gem) to solid pancreatic tumor with the aid of local mild hyperthermia and, (ii) the possibility of using gadolinium (Magnevist®) loaded-TSLnps (Gd-TSLnps) to increase magnetic resonance imaging ...
Show moreIn numerous studies, liposomes have been used to deliver anticancer drugs such as doxorubicin to local heat-triggered tumor. Here, we investigate: (i) the ability of thermosensitive liposomal nanoparticle (TSLnp) as a delivery system to deliver poorly membrane-permeable anticancer drug, gemcitabine (Gem) to solid pancreatic tumor with the aid of local mild hyperthermia and, (ii) the possibility of using gadolinium (Magnevist®) loaded-TSLnps (Gd-TSLnps) to increase magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast in solid tumor. In this study, we developed and tested gemcitabine-loaded thermosensitive liposomal nanoparticles (Gem-TSLnps) and gadolinium-loaded thermosensitive liposomal nanoparticles (Gd-TSLnps) both in in-vitro and in-vivo. The TSLnps exhibited temperature-dependent release of Gem, at 40-42°C, 65% of Gem was released within 10 min, whereas < 23% Gem leakage occurred at 37°C after a period of 2 h. The pharmacokinetic parameters and tissue distribution of both Gem-TSLnps and Gd-TSLnps were significantly greater compared with free Gem and Gd, while Gem-TSLnps plasma clearance was reduced by 17-fold and that of Gd-TSLpns was decreased by 2-fold. Area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) of Gem-TSLnps (35.17± 0.04 μghr/mL) was significantly higher than that of free Gem (2.09 ± 0.01 μghr/mL) whereas, AUC of Gd-TSLnps was higher than free Gd by 3.9 fold high. TSLnps showed significant Gem accumulation in heated tumor relative to free Gem. Similar trend of increased Gd-TSLnps accumulation was observed in non-heated tumor compared to that of free Gd; however, no significant difference in MRI contrast enhancement between free Gd and Gd-TSLnps ex-vivo tumor images was observed. Despite Gem-TSLnps dose being half of free Gem dose, antitumor efficacy of Gem-TSLnps was comparable to that of free Gem(Gem-TSLnps 10 mg Gem/kg compared with free Gem 20 mg/kg). Overall, the findings suggest that TSLnps may be used to improve Gem delivery and enhance its antitumor activity. However, the formulation of Gd-TSLnp needs to be fully optimized to significantly enhance MRI contrast in tumor.
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Date Issued: 2017-09-21
Identifier: FSU_pmch_28934281, 10.1371/journal.pone.0185116, PMC5608370, 28934281, 28934281, PONE-D-17-14628
Format: Citation

Title: Fabrication and characterization of ultraviolet photosensors from ZnO nanowires prepared using chemical bath deposition method.
Creator: Al-Asadi, Ahmed S., Henley, Luke Alexander, Ghosh, Sujoy, Quetz, Abdiel, Dubenko, Igor, Pradhan, Nihar, Balicas, Luis, Perera-Lopez, Nestor, Carozo, Victor, Lin, Zhong, Terrones...
Show moreAl-Asadi, Ahmed S., Henley, Luke Alexander, Ghosh, Sujoy, Quetz, Abdiel, Dubenko, Igor, Pradhan, Nihar, Balicas, Luis, Perera-Lopez, Nestor, Carozo, Victor, Lin, Zhong, Terrones, Mauricio, Talapatra, Saikat, Ali, Naushad
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Abstract/Description: Highly crystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) were synthesized through chemical bath deposition (CBD) method by using a simple seeding technique. The process includes dispersion of commercially available ZnO nanoparticles through spraying on a desired substrate prior to the CBD growth. A typical growth period of 16 h produced ZnO NW assemblies with an average diameter of similar to 45 nm and lengths of 1-1.3 mu m, with an optical band gap of similar to 3.61 eV. The as-prepared ZnO NWs...
Show moreHighly crystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) were synthesized through chemical bath deposition (CBD) method by using a simple seeding technique. The process includes dispersion of commercially available ZnO nanoparticles through spraying on a desired substrate prior to the CBD growth. A typical growth period of 16 h produced ZnO NW assemblies with an average diameter of similar to 45 nm and lengths of 1-1.3 mu m, with an optical band gap of similar to 3.61 eV. The as-prepared ZnO NWs were photoactive under ultra violet (UV) illumination. Photodetector devices fabricated using these NW assemblies demonstrated a high photoresponse factor of similar to 40 and 120 at room temperature under moderate UV illumination power of similar to 250 mu W/cm(2). These findings indicate the possibility of using ZnO NWs, grown using the simple method discussed in this paper, for various opto-electronic applications. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.
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Date Issued: 2016-02-28
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000371601800022, 10.1063/1.4942653
Format: Citation

Title: Identification and Characterization of Human Proteoforms by Top-Down LC-21 Tesla FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry.
Creator: Anderson, Lissa C, DeHart, Caroline J, Kaiser, Nathan K, Fellers, Ryan T, Smith, Donald F, Greer, Joseph B, LeDuc, Richard D, Blakney, Greg T, Thomas, Paul M, Kelleher, Neil L,...
Show moreAnderson, Lissa C, DeHart, Caroline J, Kaiser, Nathan K, Fellers, Ryan T, Smith, Donald F, Greer, Joseph B, LeDuc, Richard D, Blakney, Greg T, Thomas, Paul M, Kelleher, Neil L, Hendrickson, Christopher L
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Abstract/Description: Successful high-throughput characterization of intact proteins from complex biological samples by mass spectrometry requires instrumentation capable of high mass resolving power, mass accuracy, sensitivity, and spectral acquisition rate. These limitations often necessitate the performance of hundreds of LC-MS/MS experiments to obtain reasonable coverage of the targeted proteome, which is still typically limited to molecular weights below 30 kDa. The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory ...
Show moreSuccessful high-throughput characterization of intact proteins from complex biological samples by mass spectrometry requires instrumentation capable of high mass resolving power, mass accuracy, sensitivity, and spectral acquisition rate. These limitations often necessitate the performance of hundreds of LC-MS/MS experiments to obtain reasonable coverage of the targeted proteome, which is still typically limited to molecular weights below 30 kDa. The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL) recently installed a 21 T FT-ICR mass spectrometer, which is part of the NHMFL FT-ICR User Facility and available to all qualified users. Here we demonstrate top-down LC-21 T FT-ICR MS/MS of intact proteins derived from human colorectal cancer cell lysate. We identified a combined total of 684 unique protein entries observed as 3238 unique proteoforms at a 1% false discovery rate, based on rapid, data-dependent acquisition of collision-induced and electron-transfer dissociation tandem mass spectra from just 40 LC-MS/MS experiments. Our identifications included 372 proteoforms with molecular weights over 30 kDa detected at isotopic resolution, which substantially extends the accessible mass range for high-throughput top-down LC-MS/MS.
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Date Issued: 2017-02-03
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27936753, 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00696, PMC5353847, 27936753, 27936753
Format: Citation

Title: Charge avalanches and depinning in the Coulomb glass: The role of long-range interactions.
Creator: Andresen, Juan Carlos, Pramudya, Yohanes, Katzgraber, Helmut G., Thomas, Creighton K., Zimanyi, Gergely T., Dobrosavljevic, V.
Abstract/Description: We explore the stability of far-from-equilibrium metastable states of a three-dimensional Coulomb glass at zero temperature by studying charge avalanches triggered by a slowly varying external electric field. Surprisingly, we identify a sharply defined dynamical ("depinning") phase transition from stationary to nonstationary charge displacement at a critical value of the external electric field. Using particle-conserving dynamics, scale-free system-spanning avalanches are observed only at the...
Show moreWe explore the stability of far-from-equilibrium metastable states of a three-dimensional Coulomb glass at zero temperature by studying charge avalanches triggered by a slowly varying external electric field. Surprisingly, we identify a sharply defined dynamical ("depinning") phase transition from stationary to nonstationary charge displacement at a critical value of the external electric field. Using particle-conserving dynamics, scale-free system-spanning avalanches are observed only at the critical field. We show that the qualitative features of this depinning transition are completely different for an equivalent short-range model, highlighting the key importance of long-range interactions for nonequilibrium dynamics of Coulomb glasses.
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Date Issued: 2016-03-24
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000372712000002, 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.094429
Format: Citation

Title: Identification Of Biochemical And Cytotoxic Markers In Cocaine Treated Pc12 Cells.
Creator: Badisa, Ramesh B., Batton, Chyree S., Mazzio, Elizabeth, Grant, Samuel C., Goodman, Carl B.
Abstract/Description: Cocaine is one of the powerful addictive drugs, widely abused in most Western countries. Because of high lipophilic nature, cocaine easily reaches various domains of the central nervous system (CNS) and triggers different levels of cellular toxicity. The aim of this investigation was to reproduce cocaine toxicity in differentiated PC12 cells through quantitative knowledge on biochemical and cytotoxicity markers. We differentiated the cells with 0.1 mu g/ml nerve growth factor (NGF) for 5 days...
Show moreCocaine is one of the powerful addictive drugs, widely abused in most Western countries. Because of high lipophilic nature, cocaine easily reaches various domains of the central nervous system (CNS) and triggers different levels of cellular toxicity. The aim of this investigation was to reproduce cocaine toxicity in differentiated PC12 cells through quantitative knowledge on biochemical and cytotoxicity markers. We differentiated the cells with 0.1 mu g/ml nerve growth factor (NGF) for 5 days, followed by treatment with cocaine for 48 h at in vivo and in vitro concentrations. Results indicated that cocaine at in vivo concentrations neither killed the cells nor altered the morphology, but decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential that paralleled with increased lactate and glutathione (GSH) levels. On the other hand, cocaine at in vitro concentrations damaged the neurites and caused cell death, which corresponded with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, plasma membrane damage, and GSH depletion with no detectable nitric oxide (NO) level. While direct understanding of cocaine and cell interaction under in vivo animal models is impeded due to high complexity, our present in vitro results assisted in understanding the onset of some key events of neurodegenerative diseases in cocaine treated neuronal cells.
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Date Issued: 2018-02-09
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000424630400023, 10.1038/s41598-018-21182-7
Format: Citation

Title: Cellular and molecular responses to acute cocaine treatment in neuronal-like N2a cells: potential mechanism for its resistance in cell death..
Creator: Badisa, Ramesh B, Wi, Sungsool, Jones, Zachary, Mazzio, Elizabeth, Zhou, Yi, Rosenberg, Jens T, Latinwo, Lekan M, Grant, Samuel C, Goodman, Carl B
Abstract/Description: Cocaine is a highly abused drug that causes psychiatric and neurological problems. Its entry into neurons could alter cell-biochemistry and contribute in the manifestation of early pathological symptoms. We have previously shown the acute cocaine effects in rat C6 astroglia-like cells and found that these cells were highly sensitive to cocaine in terms of manifesting certain pathologies known to underlie psychological disorders. The present study was aimed to discern acute cocaine effects on...
Show moreCocaine is a highly abused drug that causes psychiatric and neurological problems. Its entry into neurons could alter cell-biochemistry and contribute in the manifestation of early pathological symptoms. We have previously shown the acute cocaine effects in rat C6 astroglia-like cells and found that these cells were highly sensitive to cocaine in terms of manifesting certain pathologies known to underlie psychological disorders. The present study was aimed to discern acute cocaine effects on the early onset of various changes in Neuro-2a (N2a) cells. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording of differentiated cells displayed the functional voltage-gated Na and K channels, which demonstrated the neuronal characteristics of the cells. Treatment of these cells with acute cocaine (1 h) at in vivo (nM to μM) and in vitro (mM) concentrations revealed that the cells remained almost 100% viable. Cocaine administration at 6.25 μM or 4 mM doses significantly reduced the inward currents but had no significant effect on outward currents, indicating the Na channel-blocking activity of cocaine. While no morphological change was observed at in vivo doses, treatment at in vitro doses altered the morphology, damaged the neurites, and induced cytoplasmic vacuoles; furthermore, general mitochondrial activity and membrane potential were significantly decreased. Mitochondrial dysfunction enabled the cells switch to anaerobic glycolysis, evidenced by dose-dependent increases in lactate and HS, resulting unaltered ATP level in the cells. Further investigation on the mechanism of action unfolded that the cell's resistance to cocaine was through the activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 () gene and subsequent increase of antioxidants (glutathione [GSH], catalase and GSH peroxidase [GPx]). The data clearly indicate that the cells employed a detoxifying strategy against cocaine. On a broader perspective, we envision that extrapolating the knowledge of neuronal resistance to central nervous system (CNS) diseases could delay their onset or progression.
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Date Issued: 2018-07-17
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30210816, 10.1038/s41420-018-0078-x, PMC6133924, 30210816, 30210816, 78
Format: Citation

Title: Identification of biochemical and cytotoxic markers in cocaine treated PC12 cells.
Creator: Badisa, Ramesh B, Batton, Chyree S, Mazzio, Elizabeth, Grant, Samuel C, Goodman, Carl B
Abstract/Description: Cocaine is one of the powerful addictive drugs, widely abused in most Western countries. Because of high lipophilic nature, cocaine easily reaches various domains of the central nervous system (CNS) and triggers different levels of cellular toxicity. The aim of this investigation was to reproduce cocaine toxicity in differentiated PC12 cells through quantitative knowledge on biochemical and cytotoxicity markers. We differentiated the cells with 0.1 μg/ml nerve growth factor (NGF) for 5 days,...
Show moreCocaine is one of the powerful addictive drugs, widely abused in most Western countries. Because of high lipophilic nature, cocaine easily reaches various domains of the central nervous system (CNS) and triggers different levels of cellular toxicity. The aim of this investigation was to reproduce cocaine toxicity in differentiated PC12 cells through quantitative knowledge on biochemical and cytotoxicity markers. We differentiated the cells with 0.1 μg/ml nerve growth factor (NGF) for 5 days, followed by treatment with cocaine for 48 h at in vivo and in vitro concentrations. Results indicated that cocaine at in vivo concentrations neither killed the cells nor altered the morphology, but decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential that paralleled with increased lactate and glutathione (GSH) levels. On the other hand, cocaine at in vitro concentrations damaged the neurites and caused cell death, which corresponded with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, plasma membrane damage, and GSH depletion with no detectable nitric oxide (NO) level. While direct understanding of cocaine and cell interaction under in vivo animal models is impeded due to high complexity, our present in vitro results assisted in understanding the onset of some key events of neurodegenerative diseases in cocaine treated neuronal cells.
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Date Issued: 2018-02-09
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29426863, 10.1038/s41598-018-21182-7, PMC5807423, 29426863, 29426863, 10.1038/s41598-018-21182-7
Format: Citation

Title: Critical Doping for the Onset of Fermi-Surface Reconstruction by Charge-Density-Wave Order in the Cuprate Superconductor La2-xSrxCuO4.
Creator: Badoux, S., Afshar, S. A. A., Michon, B., Ouellet, A., Fortier, S., LeBoeuf, D., Croft, T. P., Lester, C., Hayden, S. M., Takagi, H., Yamada, K., Graf, D., Doiron-Leyraud, N.,...
Show moreBadoux, S., Afshar, S. A. A., Michon, B., Ouellet, A., Fortier, S., LeBoeuf, D., Croft, T. P., Lester, C., Hayden, S. M., Takagi, H., Yamada, K., Graf, D., Doiron-Leyraud, N., Taillefer, Louis
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Abstract/Description: The Seebeck coefficient S of the cuprate superconductor La2-xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) was measured in magnetic fields large enough to access the normal state at low temperatures, for a range of Sr concentrations from x = 0.07 to x = 0.15. For x = 0.11, 0.12, 0.125, and 0.13, S/T decreases upon cooling to become negative at low temperatures. The same behavior is observed in the Hall coefficient R-H(T). In analogy with other hole-doped cuprates at similar hole concentrations p, the negative S and R-H...
Show moreThe Seebeck coefficient S of the cuprate superconductor La2-xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) was measured in magnetic fields large enough to access the normal state at low temperatures, for a range of Sr concentrations from x = 0.07 to x = 0.15. For x = 0.11, 0.12, 0.125, and 0.13, S/T decreases upon cooling to become negative at low temperatures. The same behavior is observed in the Hall coefficient R-H(T). In analogy with other hole-doped cuprates at similar hole concentrations p, the negative S and R-H show that the Fermi surface of LSCO undergoes a reconstruction caused by the onset of charge-density-wave modulations. Such modulations have indeed been detected in LSCO by x-ray diffraction in precisely the same doping range. Our data show that in LSCO this Fermi-surface reconstruction is confined to 0.085 < p < 0.15. We argue that in the field-induced normal state of LSCO, charge-density-wave order ends at a critical doping p(CDW) = 0.15 +/- 0.005, well below the pseudogap critical doping p(star) similar or equal to 0.19.
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Date Issued: 2016-04-06
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000373586300002, 10.1103/PhysRevX.6.021004
Format: Citation

Title: Effective two-dimensional thickness for the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-like transition in a highly underdoped La2-xSrxCuO4.
Creator: Baity, P. G., Shi, Xiaoyan, Shi, Zhenzhong, Benfatto, L., Popovic, Dragana
Abstract/Description: The nature of the superconducting transition in highly underdoped thick films of La2-xSrxCuO4 (x = 0.07 and 0.08) has been investigated using the in-plane transport measurements. The contribution of superconducting fluctuations to the conductivity in zero magnetic field, or paraconductivity, was determined from the magnetoresistance measured in fields applied perpendicular to the CuO2 planes. Both the temperature dependence of the paraconductivity above the transition and the nonlinear...
Show moreThe nature of the superconducting transition in highly underdoped thick films of La2-xSrxCuO4 (x = 0.07 and 0.08) has been investigated using the in-plane transport measurements. The contribution of superconducting fluctuations to the conductivity in zero magnetic field, or paraconductivity, was determined from the magnetoresistance measured in fields applied perpendicular to the CuO2 planes. Both the temperature dependence of the paraconductivity above the transition and the nonlinear current-voltage (I - V) characteristics measured across it exhibit the main signatures of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition. The quantitative comparison of the superfluid stiffness, extracted from the I - V data, with the renormalization-group results for the BKT theory, reveals a large value of the vortex-core energy. This finding is confirmed by the analysis of the paraconductivity obtained using different methods. The results strongly suggest that the characteristic energy scale controlling the BKT behavior in this layered system corresponds to the superfluid stiffness of a few layers.
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Date Issued: 2016-01-25
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000369218500009, 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.024519
Format: Citation

Title: Collective Dynamics And Strong Pinning Near The Onset Of Charge Order In La1.48nd0.4sr0.12cuo4.
Creator: Baity, P. G., Sasagawa, T., Popovic, Dragana
Abstract/Description: The dynamics of charge-ordered states is one of the key issues in underdoped cuprate high-temperature superconductors, but static short-range charge-order (CO) domains have been detected in almost all cuprates. We probe the dynamics across the CO (and structural) transition in La1.48Nd0.4Sr0.12CuO4 by measuring nonequilibrium charge transport, or resistance R as the system responds to a change in temperature and to an applied magnetic field. We find evidence for metastable states, collective...
Show moreThe dynamics of charge-ordered states is one of the key issues in underdoped cuprate high-temperature superconductors, but static short-range charge-order (CO) domains have been detected in almost all cuprates. We probe the dynamics across the CO (and structural) transition in La1.48Nd0.4Sr0.12CuO4 by measuring nonequilibrium charge transport, or resistance R as the system responds to a change in temperature and to an applied magnetic field. We find evidence for metastable states, collective behavior, and criticality. The collective dynamics in the critical regime indicates strong pinning by disorder. Surprisingly, nonequilibrium effects, such as avalanches in R, are revealed only when the critical region is approached from the charge-ordered phase. Our results on La1.48Nd0.4Sr0.12CuO4 provide the long-sought evidence for the fluctuating order across the CO transition, and also set important constraints on theories of dynamic stripes.
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Date Issued: 2018-04-12
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000429777200009, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.156602
Format: Citation

Title: Construction and Test Results of Coil 2 of a Three-Coil 800-MHz REBCO Insert for the 1.3-GHz High-Resolution NMR Magnet.
Creator: Bascuñán, Juan, Michael, Philip, Hahn, Seungyong, Lecrevisse, Thibault, Iwasa, Yukikazu
Abstract/Description: This paper focuses on the construction and test results of Coil 2 that is part of a trio of nested coils composing the REBCO 800 MHz insert. Upon its completion, the REBCO 800 MHz insert will be placed in the bore of a 500 MHz low temperature superconducting (LTS) NMR magnet (L500) to form the MIT 1.3 GHz high-resolution NMR magnet. Coil 2 is a stack of 32 double pancake (DP) coils wound with 6-mm wide REBCO tape using the no-insulation (NI) technique. Each pancake is wound on a stainless...
Show moreThis paper focuses on the construction and test results of Coil 2 that is part of a trio of nested coils composing the REBCO 800 MHz insert. Upon its completion, the REBCO 800 MHz insert will be placed in the bore of a 500 MHz low temperature superconducting (LTS) NMR magnet (L500) to form the MIT 1.3 GHz high-resolution NMR magnet. Coil 2 is a stack of 32 double pancake (DP) coils wound with 6-mm wide REBCO tape using the no-insulation (NI) technique. Each pancake is wound on a stainless steel inner supporting ring to prevent the collapsing of its crossover due to the external pressure exerted by the winding pack. Coil 2 will be constructed in the following sequence: 1) after winding each DP will be individually tested in a bath of liquid nitrogen at atmospheric pressure to determine its current carrying capabilities; 2) DPs will be then assembled as a stack with interconnecting joints, and 3) as in Coil 1, each pancake will be overbanded with a stainless steel tape, this time to a thickness of 5 mm, thickness determined by a stress analysis previously performed. Finally the fully assembled Coil 2 will be tested in liquid nitrogen at 77 K and then in liquid helium at 4.2 K. We present here details of the stress analysis leading to the sizing of the DP inner supporting stainless steel ring and of the overbanding thickness required. Test results include coil index, critical current, charging time constant.
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Date Issued: 2017-06-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_28919700, 10.1109/TASC.2016.2641341, PMC5596903, 28919700, 28919700
Format: Citation

Title: Elevated Toxic Effect Of Sediments On Growth Of The Harmful Dinoflagellate Cochlodinium Polykrikoides Under High Co2.
Creator: Bausch, Alexandra R., Boatta, Fulvio, Morton, Peter L., McKee, Kali T., Anderson, Robert F., Gomes, Helga R., Goes, Joaquim I.
Abstract/Description: Ocean acidification will likely have significant impacts on phytoplankton growth in marine ecosystems over the course of this century. Coastal waters, which can be strongly influenced by suspended sediments, can also be particularly sensitive to ocean acidification. While the individual effects of trace metal inputs and ocean acidification have each been well documented, the combined effects of high trace metal concentrations due to mobilization from sediments and high dissolved CO2...
Show moreOcean acidification will likely have significant impacts on phytoplankton growth in marine ecosystems over the course of this century. Coastal waters, which can be strongly influenced by suspended sediments, can also be particularly sensitive to ocean acidification. While the individual effects of trace metal inputs and ocean acidification have each been well documented, the combined effects of high trace metal concentrations due to mobilization from sediments and high dissolved CO2 concentrations (low seawater pH) on the growth of marine phytoplankton are not known. In this study, a batch culture experiment was performed using the model organism Cochlodinium polykrikoides over 35 d under a range of CO2 concentrations (400, 800, and 1200 ppmv) following sediment additions. At high CO2, dissolved iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni) concentrations increased over time. Dissolved Ni concentrations were significantly higher after 35 d at 1200 ppmv CO2 compared to the other treatments and corresponded to significant decreases in C. polykrikoides growth rates. In addition, a toxicity bioassay experiment was performed over 29 d under a range of Ni or cadmium (Cd) concentrations at ambient CO2. The growth responses of C. polykrikoides were dose-dependent and were significantly lower under increasing Ni or Cd concentrations. The findings suggest that a combination of elevated total dissolved Ni supplied from sediments and high CO2 conditions could suppress the growth rates and photosynthesis of C. polykrikoides in coastal marine ecosystems. This is the first study to examine the synergistic, toxic effects of lithogenic trace metals and CO2 on phytoplankton growth.
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Date Issued: 2018
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000414556700003, 10.3354/ame01848
Format: Citation

Title: High Fire-derived Nitrogen Deposition On Central African Forests.
Creator: Bauters, Marijn, Drake, Travis W., Verbeeck, Hans, Bode, Samuel, Herve-Fernandez, Pedro, Zito, Phoebe, Podgorski, David C., Boyemba, Faustin, Makelele, Isaac, Ntaboba, Landry...
Show moreBauters, Marijn, Drake, Travis W., Verbeeck, Hans, Bode, Samuel, Herve-Fernandez, Pedro, Zito, Phoebe, Podgorski, David C., Boyemba, Faustin, Makelele, Isaac, Ntaboba, Landry Cizungu, Spencer, Robert G. M., Boeckx, Pascal
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Abstract/Description: Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is an important determinant of N availability for natural ecosystems worldwide. Increased anthropogenic N deposition shifts the stoichiometric equilibrium of ecosystems, with direct and indirect impacts on ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical cycles. Current simulation data suggest that remote tropical forests still receive low atmospheric N deposition due to a lack of proximate industry, low rates of fossil fuel combustion, and absence of intensive...
Show moreAtmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is an important determinant of N availability for natural ecosystems worldwide. Increased anthropogenic N deposition shifts the stoichiometric equilibrium of ecosystems, with direct and indirect impacts on ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical cycles. Current simulation data suggest that remote tropical forests still receive low atmospheric N deposition due to a lack of proximate industry, low rates of fossil fuel combustion, and absence of intensive agriculture. We present field-based N deposition data for forests of the central Congo Basin, and use ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry to characterize the organic N fraction. Additionally, we use satellite data and modeling for atmospheric N source apportionment. Our results indicate that these forests receive 18.2 kg N hectare(-1) years(-1) as wet deposition, with dry deposition via canopy interception adding considerably to this flux. We also show that roughly half of the N deposition is organic, which is often ignored in N deposition measurements and simulations. The source of atmospheric N is predominantly derived from intensive seasonal burning of biomass on the continent. This high N deposition has important implications for the ecology of the Congo Basin and for global biogeochemical cycles more broadly.
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Date Issued: 2018-01-16
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000423091400050, 10.1073/pnas.1714597115
Format: Citation

Title: Nanoscale architecture of cadherin-based cell adhesions.
Creator: Bertocchi, Cristina, Wang, Yilin, Ravasio, Andrea, Hara, Yusuke, Wu, Yao, Sailov, Talgat, Baird, Michelle A, Davidson, Michael W, Zaidel-Bar, Ronen, Toyama, Yusuke, Ladoux,...
Show moreBertocchi, Cristina, Wang, Yilin, Ravasio, Andrea, Hara, Yusuke, Wu, Yao, Sailov, Talgat, Baird, Michelle A, Davidson, Michael W, Zaidel-Bar, Ronen, Toyama, Yusuke, Ladoux, Benoit, Mege, Rene-Marc, Kanchanawong, Pakorn
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Abstract/Description: Multicellularity in animals requires dynamic maintenance of cell-cell contacts. Intercellularly ligated cadherins recruit numerous proteins to form supramolecular complexes that connect with the actin cytoskeleton and support force transmission. However, the molecular organization within such structures remains unknown. Here we mapped protein organization in cadherin-based adhesions by super-resolution microscopy, revealing a multi-compartment nanoscale architecture, with the plasma-membrane...
Show moreMulticellularity in animals requires dynamic maintenance of cell-cell contacts. Intercellularly ligated cadherins recruit numerous proteins to form supramolecular complexes that connect with the actin cytoskeleton and support force transmission. However, the molecular organization within such structures remains unknown. Here we mapped protein organization in cadherin-based adhesions by super-resolution microscopy, revealing a multi-compartment nanoscale architecture, with the plasma-membrane-proximal cadherin-catenin compartment segregated from the actin cytoskeletal compartment, bridged by an interface zone containing vinculin. Vinculin position is determined by α-catenin, and following activation, vinculin can extend ∼30 nm to bridge the cadherin-catenin and actin compartments, while modulating the nanoscale positions of the actin regulators zyxin and VASP. Vinculin conformational activation requires tension and tyrosine phosphorylation, regulated by Abl kinase and PTP1B phosphatase. Such modular architecture provides a structural framework for mechanical and biochemical signal integration by vinculin, which may differentially engage cadherin-catenin complexes with the actomyosin machinery to regulate cell adhesions.
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Date Issued: 2017-01-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27992406, 10.1038/ncb3456, PMC5421576, 27992406, 27992406, ncb3456
Format: Citation

Title: Coexistence of Weyl physics and planar defects in the semimetals TaP and TaAs.
Creator: Besara, T., Rhodes, D. A., Chen, K.-W., Das, S., Zhang, Q. R., Sun, J., Zeng, B., Xin, Y., Balicas, L., Baumbach, R. E., Manousakis, E., Singh, D. J., Siegrist, T.
Abstract/Description: We report a structural study of the Weyl semimetals TaAs and TaP, utilizing diffraction and imaging techniques, where we show that they contain a high density of defects, leading to nonstoichiometric single crystals of both semimetals. Despite the observed defects and nonstoichiometry on samples grown using techniques already reported in the literature, de Haas-van Alphen measurements on TaP reveal quantum oscillations and a high carrier mobility, an indication that the crystals are of...
Show moreWe report a structural study of the Weyl semimetals TaAs and TaP, utilizing diffraction and imaging techniques, where we show that they contain a high density of defects, leading to nonstoichiometric single crystals of both semimetals. Despite the observed defects and nonstoichiometry on samples grown using techniques already reported in the literature, de Haas-van Alphen measurements on TaP reveal quantum oscillations and a high carrier mobility, an indication that the crystals are of quality comparable to those reported elsewhere. Electronic structure calculations on TaAs reveal that the position of the Weyl points relative to the Fermi level shift with the introduction of vacancies and stacking faults. In the case of vacancies the Fermi surface becomes considerably altered, while the effect of stacking faults on the electronic structure is to allow the Weyl pockets to remain close to the Fermi surface. The observation of quantum oscillations in a nonstoichiometric crystal and the persistence of Weyl fermion pockets near the Fermi surface in a crystal with stacking faults point to the robustness of these quantum phenomena in these materials.
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Date Issued: 2016-06-27
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000378816000007, 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.245152
Format: Citation

Title: Spatially Inhomogeneous Electron State Deep In The Extreme Quantum Limit Of Strontium Titanate.
Creator: Bhattacharya, Anand, Skinner, Brian, Khalsa, Guru, Suslov, Alexey V.
Abstract/Description: When an electronic system is subjected to a sufficiently strong magnetic field that the cyclotron energy is much larger than the Fermi energy, the system enters the extreme quantum limit (EQL) and becomes susceptible to a number of instabilities. Bringing a three-dimensional electronic system deeply into the EQL can be difficult however, since it requires a small Fermi energy, large magnetic field, and low disorder. Here we present an experimental study of the EQL in lightly-doped single...
Show moreWhen an electronic system is subjected to a sufficiently strong magnetic field that the cyclotron energy is much larger than the Fermi energy, the system enters the extreme quantum limit (EQL) and becomes susceptible to a number of instabilities. Bringing a three-dimensional electronic system deeply into the EQL can be difficult however, since it requires a small Fermi energy, large magnetic field, and low disorder. Here we present an experimental study of the EQL in lightly-doped single crystals of strontium titanate. Our experiments probe deeply into the regime where theory has long predicted an interaction-driven charge density wave or Wigner crystal state. A number of interesting features arise in the transport in this regime, including a striking re-entrant nonlinearity in the current-voltage characteristics. We discuss these features in the context of possible correlated electron states, and present an alternative picture based on magnetic-field induced puddling of electrons.
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Date Issued: 2016-09
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000385388600001, 10.1038/ncomms12974
Format: Citation

Title: Probing 5 f -state configurations in URu2Si2 with U L-III-edge resonant x-ray emission spectroscopy.
Creator: Booth, C. H., Medling, S. A., Tobin, J. G., Baumbach, R. E., Bauer, E. D., Sokaras, D., Nordlund, D., Weng, T.-C.
Abstract/Description: Resonant x-ray emission spectroscopy (RXES) was employed at the U L-III absorption edge and the L-alpha 1 emission line to explore the 5f occupancy, n(f), and the degree of 5f -orbital delocalization in the hidden-order compound URu2Si2. By comparing to suitable reference materials such as UF4, UCd11, and alpha-U, we conclude that the 5f orbital in URu2Si2 is at least partially delocalized with n(f) = 2.87 +/- 0.08, and does not change with temperature down to 10 K within the estimated error....
Show moreResonant x-ray emission spectroscopy (RXES) was employed at the U L-III absorption edge and the L-alpha 1 emission line to explore the 5f occupancy, n(f), and the degree of 5f -orbital delocalization in the hidden-order compound URu2Si2. By comparing to suitable reference materials such as UF4, UCd11, and alpha-U, we conclude that the 5f orbital in URu2Si2 is at least partially delocalized with n(f) = 2.87 +/- 0.08, and does not change with temperature down to 10 K within the estimated error. These results place further constraints on theoretical explanations of the hidden order, especially those requiring a localized f(2) ground state.
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Date Issued: 2016-07-15
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000379651600007, 10.1103/PhysRevB.94.045121
Format: Citation

Title: Persistence Of Slow Fluctuations In The Overdoped Regime Of Ba(fe1-xrhx)(2)as-2 Superconductors.
Creator: Bossoni, L., Moroni, M., Julien, M. H., Mayaffre, H., Canfield, P. C., Reyes, A., Halperin, W. P., Carretta, P.
Abstract/Description: We present nuclear magnetic resonance evidence that very slow (
Show moreWe present nuclear magnetic resonance evidence that very slow (<= 1 MHz) spin fluctuations persist into the overdoped regime of Ba(Fe1-xRhx)(2)As-2 superconductors. Measurements of the As-75 spin echo decay rate, obtained both with Hahn Echo and Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill pulse sequences, show that the slowing down of spin fluctuations can be described by short-range diffusive dynamics, likely involving domain walls motions separating (pi/a, 0) from (0, pi/a) correlated regions. This slowing down of the fluctuations is weakly sensitive to the external magnetic field and, although fading away with doping, it extends deeply into the overdoped regime.
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Date Issued: 2016-06-23
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000378305600003, 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.224517
Format: Citation

Title: How Novices Perceive the Culture of Physics.
Creator: Bremer, Martin, Hughes, Roxanne
Abstract/Description: This study is an exploratory qualitative research project utilizing deductive thematic analysis to investigate how undergraduate physics students form their physics identity. Physics is a unique community of practice that has lagged behind other science fields in terms of the representation of women and members of underrepresented minority groups. This underrepresentation within physics is often credited to the culture of physics which makes identity studies within this specific field that...
Show moreThis study is an exploratory qualitative research project utilizing deductive thematic analysis to investigate how undergraduate physics students form their physics identity. Physics is a unique community of practice that has lagged behind other science fields in terms of the representation of women and members of underrepresented minority groups. This underrepresentation within physics is often credited to the culture of physics which makes identity studies within this specific field that much more important – understanding who persists and why they persist in terms of their identification with physics will help physics departments determine how they can better attract and retain students from underrepresented groups. In this study we used individual interview data with 44 undergraduate physics majors at a Research I university. Our study indicates that novices within physics see the culture of physics as filled with smart, curious, people who are committed to physics as a subject matter and see it as the basis for all science. As part of this culture these novices saw arrogance as a definitive trait for a strong physics identity. Women who left the major mentioned the culture (arrogance) as one of the main factors for their decision to leave. This study indicates that younger generations of women are still facing the same issues as past generations of women in physics. Future studies should investigate the differences between the discipline cultures that may be affecting the improvement of women and underrepresented minorities in specific STEM fields, thereby tailoring programs and policies to the unique culture within each discipline.
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Date Issued: 2017-07-13
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_scholarship_submission_1500467064_f4144f0f, 10.1615/JWomenMinorScienEng.2017016953
Format: Citation

Title: Magnetic properties of doped Mn-Ga alloys made by mechanical milling and heat treatment.
Creator: Brown, Daniel R., Han, Ke, Siegrist, Theo, Besara, Tiglet, Niu, Rongmei
Abstract/Description: Mn-Ga alloys have shown hard magnetic properties, even though these alloys contain no rare-earth metals. However, much work is needed before rare-earth magnets can be replaced. We have examined the magnetic properties of bulk alloys made with partial replacement of both the Mn and Ga elements in the Mn0.8Ga0.2 system. Bulk samples of Mn-Ga-Bi, Mn-Ga-Al, Mn-Fe-Ga and Mn-(FeB)-Ga alloys were fabricated and studied using mechanically milling and heat treatments while altering the atomic...
Show moreMn-Ga alloys have shown hard magnetic properties, even though these alloys contain no rare-earth metals. However, much work is needed before rare-earth magnets can be replaced. We have examined the magnetic properties of bulk alloys made with partial replacement of both the Mn and Ga elements in the Mn0.8Ga0.2 system. Bulk samples of Mn-Ga-Bi, Mn-Ga-Al, Mn-Fe-Ga and Mn-(FeB)-Ga alloys were fabricated and studied using mechanically milling and heat treatments while altering the atomic percentage of the third element between 2.5 and 20 at%. The ternary alloy exhibits all hard magnetic properties at room temperature with large coercivity. Annealed Mn-Ga-X bulk composites exhibit high coercivities up to 16.6 kOe and remanence up to 9.8 emu/g, that is increased by 115% over the binary system. (C) 2016 Author(s).
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Date Issued: 2016-05
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000377962500181, 10.1063/1.4943931
Format: Citation

Title: Tensile properties and critical current strain limits of reinforced Bi-2212 conductors for high field magnets.
Creator: Brown, M, Bosque, E, McRae, D, Walsh, R P, Jiang, J, Hellstrom, E E, Kim, Y, Trociewitz, U, Otto, A, Larbalestier, D C
Abstract/Description: We study here the effect of axial strain on the degradation of the critical current for bare and reinforced, overpressure processed Bi-2212 conductors. We show that reinforcement markedly improves the conductor's stress limit, doubling it from ~150 MPa in the bare conductor to ~300 MPa when reinforced. We find also that certain processes used to reinforce the conductor slightly reduce the degradation strain limit from ~0.6% to ~0.4%. Stress vs strain data taken from the samples studied here...
Show moreWe study here the effect of axial strain on the degradation of the critical current for bare and reinforced, overpressure processed Bi-2212 conductors. We show that reinforcement markedly improves the conductor's stress limit, doubling it from ~150 MPa in the bare conductor to ~300 MPa when reinforced. We find also that certain processes used to reinforce the conductor slightly reduce the degradation strain limit from ~0.6% to ~0.4%. Stress vs strain data taken from the samples studied here has been used to create a finite element model to explore the feasibility of using a reinforced Bi-2212 strand (produced by Solid Material Solutions) in a small test coil. The model predicts an IC limited coil with a maximum hoop strain of 0.31%, well below the experimentally verified strain limit, and is designed to lead to Bi-2212 coils that are not strain limited, but limited.
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Date Issued: 2017-01-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30220915, 10.1088/1757-899X/279/1/012022, PMC6136651, 30220915, 30220915
Format: Citation

Title: High-frequency And -field Epr (hfepr) Investigation Of A Pseudotetrahedral Cr-iv Siloxide Complex And Computational Studies Of Related (crl4)-l-iv Systems.
Creator: Bucinsky, Lukas, Breza, Martin, Malcek, Michal, Powers, David C., Hwang, Seung Jun, Krzystek, J., Nocera, Daniel G., Telser, Joshua
Abstract/Description: Chromium species are the active sites in a variety of heterogeneous catalysts, such as the Phillips catalyst, which is composed of Cr ions supported by SiO2 and is used to produce polyethylene. Among the catalytically relevant oxidation states of chromium is Cr-IV. Families of neutral, homoleptic, four -coordinate complexes, CrL4, with a variety of monoanionic, monodentate ligands, such as L = alkyls, aryls, amides, ketimides (R2C = N-) alkoxides, and siloxides, are available and can provide...
Show moreChromium species are the active sites in a variety of heterogeneous catalysts, such as the Phillips catalyst, which is composed of Cr ions supported by SiO2 and is used to produce polyethylene. Among the catalytically relevant oxidation states of chromium is Cr-IV. Families of neutral, homoleptic, four -coordinate complexes, CrL4, with a variety of monoanionic, monodentate ligands, such as L = alkyls, aryls, amides, ketimides (R2C = N-) alkoxides, and siloxides, are available and can provide information regarding Cr sites in heterogeneous materials. For example, the previously reported siloxide, Cr(DTBMS)(4), where DTBMS = -(OSiMeBu2)-Bu-t (di-tert-butylmethylsiloxide), may be considered a molecular analogue of Cr-IV supported by SiO2. Such CrL4 complexes can have either a singlet (S = 0) or triplet (S = 1) spin ground state, and the spin state preferences of such complexes are not fully understood. A truly tetrahedral d(2) S = 1 complex would exhibit no zero-field splitting (zfs), and the zfs is indeed small and observable by X-band EPR for several CrR4 and Cr(OR)(4) complexes. In contrast, Cr(DTBMS)(4) has zfs beyond the range amenable to X-band EPR so that high-frequency and high-field EPR (HFEPR) is appropriate. HFEPR of Cr(DTBMS)(4) in the solid state shows the presence of three very similar triplet species with the major component having D = +0.556 cm(-1). Classical ligand-field theory (LFT) and quantum chemical theory (QCT), including ab initio methods, use EPR and electronic absorption spectra to give a complete picture of the electronic structure of Cr(DTBMS)(4), and other complexes of formula Cr(ERn)(4), E = C, n = 3; E = N, n = 2; E = 0, n = E = F, n = 0. Computations show the importance of ligand steric bulk and of pi-bonding in controlling the subtleties of electronic structure of CrL4 species. These electronic structure results, including zfs, which is a measure of excited state accessibility, for both triplet and singlet excited states, might be related to the catalytic activity of paramagnetic Cr species.
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Date Issued: Mon Apr 15 00:00:00 ED
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000465188700023, 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03512
Format: Citation

Title: Toward 20 T magnetic resonance for human brain studies: opportunities for discovery and neuroscience rationale..
Creator: Budinger, Thomas F, Bird, Mark D, Frydman, Lucio, Long, Joanna R, Mareci, Thomas H, Rooney, William D, Rosen, Bruce, Schenck, John F, Schepkin, Victor D, Sherry, A Dean,...
Show moreBudinger, Thomas F, Bird, Mark D, Frydman, Lucio, Long, Joanna R, Mareci, Thomas H, Rooney, William D, Rosen, Bruce, Schenck, John F, Schepkin, Victor D, Sherry, A Dean, Sodickson, Daniel K, Springer, Charles S, Thulborn, Keith R, Uğurbil, Kamil, Wald, Lawrence L
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Abstract/Description: An initiative to design and build magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) instruments at 14 T and beyond to 20 T has been underway since 2012. This initiative has been supported by 22 interested participants from the USA and Europe, of which 15 are authors of this review. Advances in high temperature superconductor materials, advances in cryocooling engineering, prospects for non-persistent mode stable magnets, and experiences gained from large-bore, high-field magnet...
Show moreAn initiative to design and build magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) instruments at 14 T and beyond to 20 T has been underway since 2012. This initiative has been supported by 22 interested participants from the USA and Europe, of which 15 are authors of this review. Advances in high temperature superconductor materials, advances in cryocooling engineering, prospects for non-persistent mode stable magnets, and experiences gained from large-bore, high-field magnet engineering for the nuclear fusion endeavors support the feasibility of a human brain MRI and MRS system with 1 ppm homogeneity over at least a 16-cm diameter volume and a bore size of 68 cm. Twelve neuroscience opportunities are presented as well as an analysis of the biophysical and physiological effects to be investigated before exposing human subjects to the high fields of 14 T and beyond.
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Date Issued: 2016-06-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27194154, 10.1007/s10334-016-0561-4, PMC5538368, 27194154, 27194154, 10.1007/s10334-016-0561-4
Format: Citation

Title: Coas: The Line Of 3d Demarcation.
Creator: Campbell, Daniel J., Wang, Limin, Eckberg, Chris, Graf, Dave, Hodovanets, Halyna, Paglione, Johnpierre
Abstract/Description: Transition metal-pnictide compounds have received attention for their tendency to combine magnetism and unconventional superconductivity. Binary CoAs lies on the border of paramagnetism and the more complex behavior seen in isostructural CrAs, MnP, FeAs, and FeP. Here we report the properties of CoAs single crystals grown with two distinct techniques along with density functional theory calculations of its electronic structure and magnetic ground state. While all indications are that CoAs is...
Show moreTransition metal-pnictide compounds have received attention for their tendency to combine magnetism and unconventional superconductivity. Binary CoAs lies on the border of paramagnetism and the more complex behavior seen in isostructural CrAs, MnP, FeAs, and FeP. Here we report the properties of CoAs single crystals grown with two distinct techniques along with density functional theory calculations of its electronic structure and magnetic ground state. While all indications are that CoAs is paramagnetic, both experiment and theory suggest proximity to a ferromagnetic instability. Quantum oscillations are seen in torque measurements up to 31.5 T and support the calculated paramagnetic Fermiology.
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Date Issued: 2018-05-10
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000432031700002, 10.1103/PhysRevB.97.174410
Format: Citation

Title: Systematically Generated Two-qubit Anyon Braids.
Creator: Carnahan, Caitlin, Zeuch, Daniel, Bonesteel, N. E.
Abstract/Description: Fibonacci anyons are non-Abelian particles for which braiding is universal for quantum computation. Reichardt has shown how to systematically generate nontrivial braids for three Fibonacci anyons which yield unitary operations with off-diagonal matrix elements that can be made arbitrarily small in a particular natural basis through a simple and efficient iterative procedure. This procedure does not require brute force search, the Solovay-Kitaev method, or any other numerical technique, but...
Show moreFibonacci anyons are non-Abelian particles for which braiding is universal for quantum computation. Reichardt has shown how to systematically generate nontrivial braids for three Fibonacci anyons which yield unitary operations with off-diagonal matrix elements that can be made arbitrarily small in a particular natural basis through a simple and efficient iterative procedure. This procedure does not require brute force search, the Solovay-Kitaev method, or any other numerical technique, but the phases of the resulting diagonal matrix elements cannot be directly controlled. We show that despite this lack of control the resulting braids can be used to systematically construct entangling gates for two qubits encoded by Fibonacci anyons.
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Date Issued: 2016-05-20
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000376243800001, 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.052328
Format: Citation

Title: Visualizing Electromagnetic Fields In Metals By Mri (vol 7, 025310, 2017).
Creator: Chandrashekar, Chandrika Sefcikova, Shellikeri, Annadanesh, Chandrashekar, S., Taylor, Erika A., Taylor, Deanne M.
Date Issued: 2017-04
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000400396100080, 10.1063/1.4980141
Format: Citation

Title: Precipitous Change Of The Irreversible Strain Limit With Heat-treatment Temperature In Nb3sn Wires Made By The Restacked-rod Process.
Creator: Cheggour, Najib, Stauffer, Theodore C., Starch, William, Lee, Peter J., Splett, Jolene D., Goodrich, Loren F., Ghosh, Arup K.
Abstract/Description: The intrinsic irreversible strain limit epsilon(irr,0) of Nb3Sn superconducting wires, made by the restacked-rod process and doped with either Ti or Ta, undergoes a precipitous change as a function of temperature. of the final heat-treatment for forming the A15 phase. Nb3Sn transitions from a highly brittle state where it cracks as soon as it is subjected to an axial tensile strain of any measurable amount, to a state more resilient to tensile strain as high as 0.4%. The remarkable abruptness...
Show moreThe intrinsic irreversible strain limit epsilon(irr,0) of Nb3Sn superconducting wires, made by the restacked-rod process and doped with either Ti or Ta, undergoes a precipitous change as a function of temperature. of the final heat-treatment for forming the A15 phase. Nb3Sn transitions from a highly brittle state where it cracks as soon as it is subjected to an axial tensile strain of any measurable amount, to a state more resilient to tensile strain as high as 0.4%. The remarkable abruptness of this transition (as most of it occurs over a range of only 10 degrees C) could pose real challenges for the heat-treatment of large magnets, such as those fabricated for the high-luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We named this behavior the strain irreversibility cliff (SIC) to caution magnet developers. The approach to fulfilling application requirements just in terms of the conductor's residual resistivity ratio RRR and critical-current density J(c) is incomplete. Along with RRR and J(c) wire specifications, and sub-element size requirements that reduce wire magnetization and instabilities effects, SIC imposes additional constraints on the choice of heat-treatment conditions to ensure mechanical integrity of the conductor.
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Date Issued: 2018-08-29
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000443004500004, 10.1038/s41598-018-30911-x
Format: Citation

Title: Precipitous change of the irreversible strain limit with heat-treatment temperature in NbSn wires made by the restacked-rod process.
Creator: Cheggour, Najib, Stauffer, Theodore C, Starch, William, Lee, Peter J, Splett, Jolene D, Goodrich, Loren F, Ghosh, Arup K
Abstract/Description: The intrinsic irreversible strain limit ε of NbSn superconducting wires, made by the restacked-rod process and doped with either Ti or Ta, undergoes a precipitous change as a function of temperature θ of the final heat-treatment for forming the A15 phase. NbSn transitions from a highly brittle state where it cracks as soon as it is subjected to an axial tensile strain of any measurable amount, to a state more resilient to tensile strain as high as 0.4%. The remarkable abruptness of this...
Show moreThe intrinsic irreversible strain limit ε of NbSn superconducting wires, made by the restacked-rod process and doped with either Ti or Ta, undergoes a precipitous change as a function of temperature θ of the final heat-treatment for forming the A15 phase. NbSn transitions from a highly brittle state where it cracks as soon as it is subjected to an axial tensile strain of any measurable amount, to a state more resilient to tensile strain as high as 0.4%. The remarkable abruptness of this transition (as most of it occurs over a range of only 10 °C) could pose real challenges for the heat-treatment of large magnets, such as those fabricated for the high-luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We named this behavior the strain irreversibility cliff (SIC) to caution magnet developers. The approach to fulfilling application requirements just in terms of the conductor's residual resistivity ratio RRR and critical-current density J is incomplete. Along with RRR and J wire specifications, and sub-element size requirements that reduce wire magnetization and instabilities effects, SIC imposes additional constraints on the choice of heat-treatment conditions to ensure mechanical integrity of the conductor.
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Date Issued: 2018-08-29
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30158591, 10.1038/s41598-018-30911-x, PMC6115397, 30158591, 30158591, 10.1038/s41598-018-30911-x
Format: Citation

Title: Jain-2/5 Parent Hamiltonian: Structure Of Zero Modes, Dominance Patterns, And Zero Mode Generators.
Creator: Chen, Li, Bandyopadhyay, Sumanta, Seidel, Alexander
Abstract/Description: We analyze general zero mode properties of the parent Hamiltonian of the unprojected Jain-2/5 state. We characterize the zero mode condition associated to this Hamiltonian via projection onto a four-dimensional two-particle subspace for given pair angular momentum, for the disk and similarly for the spherical geometry. Earlier numerical claims in the literature about ground-state uniqueness on the sphere are substantiated on analytic grounds, and related results are derived. Preference is...
Show moreWe analyze general zero mode properties of the parent Hamiltonian of the unprojected Jain-2/5 state. We characterize the zero mode condition associated to this Hamiltonian via projection onto a four-dimensional two-particle subspace for given pair angular momentum, for the disk and similarly for the spherical geometry. Earlier numerical claims in the literature about ground-state uniqueness on the sphere are substantiated on analytic grounds, and related results are derived. Preference is given to second-quantized methods, where zero mode properties are derived not from given analytic wave functions, but from a "lattice" Hamiltonian and associated zero mode conditions. This method reveals new insights into the guiding-center structure of the unprojected Jain-2/5 state, in particular, a system of dominance patterns following a "generalized Pauli principle," which establishes a complete one-to-one correspondence with the edge mode counting. We also identify one-body operators that function as generators of zero modes.
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Date Issued: 2017-05-31
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000402463500001, 10.1103/PhysRevB.95.195169
Format: Citation

Title: Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Reveals that Intact Histone H1 Phosphorylations are Variant Specific and Exhibit Single Molecule Hierarchical Dependence.
Creator: Chen, Yu, Hoover, Michael E, Dang, Xibei, Shomo, Alan A, Guan, Xiaoyan, Marshall, Alan G, Freitas, Michael A, Young, Nicolas L
Abstract/Description: Breast cancer was the second leading cause of cancer related mortality for females in 2014. Recent studies suggest histone H1 phosphorylation may be useful as a clinical biomarker of breast and other cancers because of its ability to recognize proliferative cell populations. Although monitoring a single phosphorylated H1 residue is adequate to stratify high-grade breast tumors, expanding our knowledge of how H1 is phosphorylated through the cell cycle is paramount to understanding its role in...
Show moreBreast cancer was the second leading cause of cancer related mortality for females in 2014. Recent studies suggest histone H1 phosphorylation may be useful as a clinical biomarker of breast and other cancers because of its ability to recognize proliferative cell populations. Although monitoring a single phosphorylated H1 residue is adequate to stratify high-grade breast tumors, expanding our knowledge of how H1 is phosphorylated through the cell cycle is paramount to understanding its role in carcinogenesis. H1 analysis by bottom-up MS is challenging because of the presence of highly homologous sequence variants expressed by most cells. These highly basic proteins are difficult to analyze by LC-MS/MS because of the small, hydrophilic nature of peptides produced by tryptic digestion. Although bottom-up methods permit identification of several H1 phosphorylation events, these peptides are not useful for observing the combinatorial post-translational modification (PTM) patterns on the protein of interest. To complement the information provided by bottom-up MS, we utilized a top-down MS/MS workflow to permit identification and quantitation of H1 proteoforms related to the progression of breast cells through the cell cycle. Histones H1.2 and H1.4 were observed in MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast cells, whereas an additional histone variant, histone H1.3, was identified only in nonneoplastic MCF-10A cells. Progressive phosphorylation of histone H1.4 was identified in both cell lines at mitosis (M phase). Phosphorylation occurred first at S172 followed successively by S187, T18, T146, and T154. Notably, phosphorylation at S173 of histone H1.2 and S172, S187, T18, T146, and T154 of H1.4 significantly increases during M phase relative to S phase, suggesting that these events are cell cycle-dependent and may serve as markers for proliferation. Finally, we report the observation of the H1.2 SNP variant A18V in MCF-10A cells.
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Date Issued: 2016-03-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_26209608, 10.1074/mcp.M114.046441, PMC4813703, 26209608, 26209608, M114.046441
Format: Citation

Title: Temperature-pressure phase diagram of cubic Laves phase Au2Pb.
Creator: Chen, K. W., Graf, D., Besara, T., Gallagher, A., Kikugawa, N., Balicas, L., Siegrist, T., Shekhter, A., Baumbach, R. E.
Abstract/Description: The temperature (T) as a function of pressure (P) phase diagram is reported for the cubic Laves phase compound Au2Pb, which was recently proposed to support linearly dispersing topological bands, together with conventional quadratic bands. At ambient pressure, Au2Pb exhibits several structural phase transitions at T-1 = 97 K, T-2 = 51 K, and T-3 = 40 K with superconductivity below T-c = 1.2 K. Applied pressure results in a rich phase diagram where T-1, T-2, and T-3 evolve strongly with P and...
Show moreThe temperature (T) as a function of pressure (P) phase diagram is reported for the cubic Laves phase compound Au2Pb, which was recently proposed to support linearly dispersing topological bands, together with conventional quadratic bands. At ambient pressure, Au2Pb exhibits several structural phase transitions at T-1 = 97 K, T-2 = 51 K, and T-3 = 40 K with superconductivity below T-c = 1.2 K. Applied pressure results in a rich phase diagram where T-1, T-2, and T-3 evolve strongly with P and a possible new phase is stabilized for P > 0.64 GPa that also supports superconductivity below 1.1 K. These observations suggest that Au2Pb is an ideal system in which to investigate the relationship between structural degrees of freedom, band topology, and resulting anomalous behaviors.
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Date Issued: 2016-01-19
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000368486600005, 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.045118
Format: Citation

Title: Relative Contributions Of Halobacteriovorax And Bacteriophage To Bacterial Cell Death Under Various Environmental Conditions.
Creator: Chen, Huan, Laws, Edward A., Martin, Julio L., Berhane, Timkhite-Kulu, Gulig, Paul A., Williams, Henry N.
Abstract/Description: The role of protists and bacteriophages in bacterial predation in the microbial food web has been well studied. There is mounting evidence that Bdellovibrio and like organisms (BALOs) also contribute to bacterial mortality and, in some cases, more so than bacteriophages. A full understanding of the ecologic function of the microbial food web requires recognition of all major predators and the magnitude of each predator's contribution. Here we investigated the contribution of Halobacteriovorax...
Show moreThe role of protists and bacteriophages in bacterial predation in the microbial food web has been well studied. There is mounting evidence that Bdellovibrio and like organisms (BALOs) also contribute to bacterial mortality and, in some cases, more so than bacteriophages. A full understanding of the ecologic function of the microbial food web requires recognition of all major predators and the magnitude of each predator's contribution. Here we investigated the contribution of Halobacteriovorax, one of the BALOs, and bacteriophages when incubated with their common prey, Vibrio vulnificus, in a seawater microcosm. We observed that Halobacteriovorax was the greatest responder to the prey, increasing 18-fold with a simultaneous 4.4-log-unit reduction of V. vulnificus at 40 h, whereas the bacteriophage population showed no significant increase. In subsequent experiments to formulate a medium that would support the predatory activities and replication of both predators, low-nutrient media favored the predation and replication of the Halobacteriovorax, whereas higher-nutrient media enhanced phage growth. The greatest prey reduction and replication of both Halobacteriovorax and phage were observed in media with moderate nutrient levels. Additional experiments show that the predatory activities of both predators were influenced by environmental conditions, specifically, temperature and salinity. The two predators combined exerted greater control on V. vulnificus, a synergism that may be exploited for practical applications to reduce bacterial populations. These findings suggest that along with bacteriophage and protists, Halobacteriovorax has the potential to have a prominent role in bacterial mortality and cycling of nutrients, two vital ecologic functions. IMPORTANCE Although much has been reported about the marine microbial food web and the role of micropredators, specifically viruses and protists, the contribution of Bdellovibrio-like predators has largely been ignored, posing a major gap in understanding food web processes. A complete scenario of the microbial food web cannot be developed until the roles of all major micropredators and the magnitude of their contributions to bacterial mortality, structuring of microbial communities, and cycling of nutrients are assessed. Here we show compelling evidence that Halobacteriovorax, a predatory bacterium, is a significant contributor to bacterial death and, in some cases, may rival viruses as agents of bacterial mortality. These results advance current understanding of the microbial loop and top-down control on the bacterial community.
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Date Issued: 2018-08-01
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000443884300043, 10.1128/mBio.01202-18
Format: Citation

Title: Bulk Fermi Surfaces Of The Dirac Type-ii Semimetallic Candidates Mal3 (where M = V, Nb, And Ta).
Creator: Chen, K.-W., Lian, X., Lai, Y., Aryal, N., Chiu, Y.-C., Lan, W., Graf, D., Manousakis, E., Baumbach, R. E., Balicas, L.
Abstract/Description: We report a de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect study on the Dirac type-II semimetallic candidates MAl3 (where, M = V, Nb and Ta). The angular dependence of their Fermi surface (FS) cross-sectional areas reveals a remarkably good agreement with our first-principles calculations. Therefore, dHvA supports the existence of tilted Dirac cones with Dirac type-II nodes located at 100, 230 and 250 meV above the Fermi level epsilon(F) for VAl3 , NbAl3 and TaAl3 respectively, in agreement with the...
Show moreWe report a de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect study on the Dirac type-II semimetallic candidates MAl3 (where, M = V, Nb and Ta). The angular dependence of their Fermi surface (FS) cross-sectional areas reveals a remarkably good agreement with our first-principles calculations. Therefore, dHvA supports the existence of tilted Dirac cones with Dirac type-II nodes located at 100, 230 and 250 meV above the Fermi level epsilon(F) for VAl3 , NbAl3 and TaAl3 respectively, in agreement with the prediction of broken Lorentz invariance in these compounds. However, for all three compounds we find that the cyclotron orbits on their FSs, including an orbit nearly enclosing the Dirac type-II node, yield trivial Berry phases. We explain this via an analysis of the Berry phase where the position of this orbit, relative to the Dirac node, is adjusted within the error implied by the small disagreement between our calculations and the experiments. We suggest that a very small amount of doping could displace epsilon(F) to produce topologically nontrivial orbits encircling their Dirac node(s).
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Date Issued: 2018-05-15
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000433030700009, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.206401
Format: Citation

Title: Relative Contributions of and Bacteriophage to Bacterial Cell Death under Various Environmental Conditions.
Creator: Chen, Huan, Laws, Edward A, Martin, Julio L, Berhane, Timkhite-Kulu, Gulig, Paul A, Williams, Henry N
Abstract/Description: The role of protists and bacteriophages in bacterial predation in the microbial food web has been well studied. There is mounting evidence that and like organisms (BALOs) also contribute to bacterial mortality and, in some cases, more so than bacteriophages. A full understanding of the ecologic function of the microbial food web requires recognition of all major predators and the magnitude of each predator's contribution. Here we investigated the contribution of , one of the BALOs, and...
Show moreThe role of protists and bacteriophages in bacterial predation in the microbial food web has been well studied. There is mounting evidence that and like organisms (BALOs) also contribute to bacterial mortality and, in some cases, more so than bacteriophages. A full understanding of the ecologic function of the microbial food web requires recognition of all major predators and the magnitude of each predator's contribution. Here we investigated the contribution of , one of the BALOs, and bacteriophages when incubated with their common prey, , in a seawater microcosm. We observed that was the greatest responder to the prey, increasing 18-fold with a simultaneous 4.4-log-unit reduction of at 40 h, whereas the bacteriophage population showed no significant increase. In subsequent experiments to formulate a medium that would support the predatory activities and replication of both predators, low-nutrient media favored the predation and replication of the , whereas higher-nutrient media enhanced phage growth. The greatest prey reduction and replication of both and phage were observed in media with moderate nutrient levels. Additional experiments show that the predatory activities of both predators were influenced by environmental conditions, specifically, temperature and salinity. The two predators combined exerted greater control on , a synergism that may be exploited for practical applications to reduce bacterial populations. These findings suggest that along with bacteriophage and protists, has the potential to have a prominent role in bacterial mortality and cycling of nutrients, two vital ecologic functions. Although much has been reported about the marine microbial food web and the role of micropredators, specifically viruses and protists, the contribution of -like predators has largely been ignored, posing a major gap in understanding food web processes. A complete scenario of the microbial food web cannot be developed until the roles of all major micropredators and the magnitude of their contributions to bacterial mortality, structuring of microbial communities, and cycling of nutrients are assessed. Here we show compelling evidence that , a predatory bacterium, is a significant contributor to bacterial death and, in some cases, may rival viruses as agents of bacterial mortality. These results advance current understanding of the microbial loop and top-down control on the bacterial community.
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Date Issued: 2018-08-07
Identifier: FSU_pmch_30087166, 10.1128/mBio.01202-18, PMC6083911, 30087166, 30087166, mBio.01202-18
Format: Citation

Title: On the origin of high ionic conductivity in Na-doped SrSiO3.
Creator: Chien, Po-Hsiu, Jee, Youngseok, Huang, Chen, Dervisoglu, Riza, Hung, Ivan, Gan, Zhehong, Huang, Kevin, Hu, Yan-Yan
Abstract/Description: Understanding the local structure and ion dynamics is at the heart of ion conductor research. This paper reports on high-resolution solid-state Si-29, Na-23, and O-17 NMR investigation of the structure, chemical composition, and ion dynamics of a newly discovered fast ion conductor, Na-doped SrSiO3, which exhibited a much higher ionic conductivity than most of current oxide ion conductors. Quantitative analyses reveal that with a small dose (10 mol% Na doping, phase separation occurs, leading...
Show moreUnderstanding the local structure and ion dynamics is at the heart of ion conductor research. This paper reports on high-resolution solid-state Si-29, Na-23, and O-17 NMR investigation of the structure, chemical composition, and ion dynamics of a newly discovered fast ion conductor, Na-doped SrSiO3, which exhibited a much higher ionic conductivity than most of current oxide ion conductors. Quantitative analyses reveal that with a small dose (<10 mol%) of Na, the doped Na integrates into the SrSiO3 structure to form NaxSr1-xSiO3-0.5x, and with >10 mol% Na doping, phase separation occurs, leading to the formation of an amorphous phase beta-Na2Si2O5 and a crystalline Sr-rich phase. Variable-temperature Na-23 and O-17 magic-angle-spinning NMR up to 618 degrees C have shown significant changes in Na ion dynamics at high temperatures but little oxide ion motion, suggesting that Na ions are responsible for the observed high ionic conductivity. In addition, beta-Na2Si2O5 starts to crystallize at temperatures higher than 480 degrees C with prolonged heating, resulting in reduction in Na+ motion, and thus degradation of ionic conductivity. This study has contributed critical evidence to the understanding of ionic conduction in Na-doped SrSiO3 and demonstrated that multinuclear high-resolution and high-temperature solid-state NMR is a uniquely useful tool for investigating ion conductors at their operating conditions.
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Date Issued: 2016
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000377262200023, 10.1039/c5sc04270d
Format: Citation

Title: On the origin of high ionic conductivity in Na-doped SrSiO.
Creator: Chien, Po-Hsiu, Jee, Youngseok, Huang, Chen, Dervişoğlu, Riza, Hung, Ivan, Gan, Zhehong, Huang, Kevin, Hu, Yan-Yan
Abstract/Description: Understanding the local structure and ion dynamics is at the heart of ion conductor research. This paper reports on high-resolution solid-state Si, Na, and O NMR investigation of the structure, chemical composition, and ion dynamics of a newly discovered fast ion conductor, Na-doped SrSiO, which exhibited a much higher ionic conductivity than most of current oxide ion conductors. Quantitative analyses reveal that with a small dose (10 mol% Na doping, phase separation occurs, leading to the...
Show moreUnderstanding the local structure and ion dynamics is at the heart of ion conductor research. This paper reports on high-resolution solid-state Si, Na, and O NMR investigation of the structure, chemical composition, and ion dynamics of a newly discovered fast ion conductor, Na-doped SrSiO, which exhibited a much higher ionic conductivity than most of current oxide ion conductors. Quantitative analyses reveal that with a small dose (<10 mol%) of Na, the doped Na integrates into the SrSiO structure to form Na Sr SiO , and with >10 mol% Na doping, phase separation occurs, leading to the formation of an amorphous phase β-NaSiO and a crystalline Sr-rich phase. Variable-temperature Na and O magic-angle-spinning NMR up to 618 °C have shown significant changes in Na ion dynamics at high temperatures but little oxide ion motion, suggesting that Na ions are responsible for the observed high ionic conductivity. In addition, β-NaSiO starts to crystallize at temperatures higher than 480 °C with prolonged heating, resulting in reduction in Na motion, and thus degradation of ionic conductivity. This study has contributed critical evidence to the understanding of ionic conduction in Na-doped SrSiO and demonstrated that multinuclear high-resolution and high-temperature solid-state NMR is a uniquely useful tool for investigating ion conductors at their operating conditions.
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Date Issued: 2016-06-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29997858, 10.1039/c5sc04270d, PMC6008723, 29997858, 29997858, c5sc04270d
Format: Citation

Title: Perturbations of Native Membrane Protein Structure in Alkyl Phosphocholine Detergents: A Critical Assessment of NMR and Biophysical Studies..
Creator: Chipot, Christophe, Dehez, François, Schnell, Jason R, Zitzmann, Nicole, Pebay-Peyroula, Eva, Catoire, Laurent J, Miroux, Bruno, Kunji, Edmund R S, Veglia, Gianluigi, Cross,...
Show moreChipot, Christophe, Dehez, François, Schnell, Jason R, Zitzmann, Nicole, Pebay-Peyroula, Eva, Catoire, Laurent J, Miroux, Bruno, Kunji, Edmund R S, Veglia, Gianluigi, Cross, Timothy A, Schanda, Paul
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Abstract/Description: Membrane proteins perform a host of vital cellular functions. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms whereby they fulfill these functions requires detailed biophysical and structural investigations. Detergents have proven pivotal to extract the protein from its native surroundings. Yet, they provide a milieu that departs significantly from that of the biological membrane, to the extent that the structure, the dynamics, and the interactions of membrane proteins in detergents may considerably...
Show moreMembrane proteins perform a host of vital cellular functions. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms whereby they fulfill these functions requires detailed biophysical and structural investigations. Detergents have proven pivotal to extract the protein from its native surroundings. Yet, they provide a milieu that departs significantly from that of the biological membrane, to the extent that the structure, the dynamics, and the interactions of membrane proteins in detergents may considerably vary, as compared to the native environment. Understanding the impact of detergents on membrane proteins is, therefore, crucial to assess the biological relevance of results obtained in detergents. Here, we review the strengths and weaknesses of alkyl phosphocholines (or foscholines), the most widely used detergent in solution-NMR studies of membrane proteins. While this class of detergents is often successful for membrane protein solubilization, a growing list of examples points to destabilizing and denaturing properties, in particular for α-helical membrane proteins. Our comprehensive analysis stresses the importance of stringent controls when working with this class of detergents and when analyzing the structure and dynamics of membrane proteins in alkyl phosphocholine detergents.
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Date Issued: 2018-04-11
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29488756, 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00570, PMC5896743, 29488756, 29488756
Format: Citation

Title: A novel no-insulation winding technique of high temperature-superconducting racetrack coil for rotating applications: A progress report in Korea university.
Creator: Choi, Y. H., Song, J. B., Yang, D. G., Kim, Y. G., Hahn, S., Lee, H. G.
Abstract/Description: This paper presents our recent progress on core technology development for a megawatt-class superconducting wind turbine generator supported by the international collaborative R&D program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning. To outperform the current high-temperature-superconducting (HTS) magnet technology in the wind turbine industry, a novel no-insulation winding technique was first proposed to develop the second-generation HTS racetrack coil for rotating...
Show moreThis paper presents our recent progress on core technology development for a megawatt-class superconducting wind turbine generator supported by the international collaborative R&D program of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning. To outperform the current high-temperature-superconducting (HTS) magnet technology in the wind turbine industry, a novel no-insulation winding technique was first proposed to develop the second-generation HTS racetrack coil for rotating applications. Here, we briefly report our recent studies on no-insulation (NI) winding technique for GdBCO coated conductor racetrack coils in the following areas: (1) Charging-discharging characteristics of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack coils with respect to external pressures applied to straight sections; (2) thermal and electrical stabilities of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack coils encapsulated with various impregnating materials; (3) quench behaviors of no-insulation racetrack coils wound with GdBCO conductor possessing various lamination layers; (4) electromagnetic characteristics of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack coils under time-varying field conditions. Test results confirmed that this novel NI winding technique was highly promising. It could provide development of a compact, mechanically dense, and self-protecting GdBCO magnet for use in real-world superconducting wind turbine generators. Published by AIP Publishing.
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Date Issued: 2016-10
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000387661900042, 10.1063/1.4963680
Format: Citation

Title: A bright cyan-excitable orange fluorescent protein facilitates dual-emission microscopy and enhances bioluminescence imaging in vivo.
Creator: Chu, Jun, Oh, Younghee, Sens, Alex, Ataie, Niloufar, Dana, Hod, Macklin, John J, Laviv, Tal, Welf, Erik S, Dean, Kevin M, Zhang, Feijie, Kim, Benjamin B, Tang, Clement Tran, Hu,...
Show moreChu, Jun, Oh, Younghee, Sens, Alex, Ataie, Niloufar, Dana, Hod, Macklin, John J, Laviv, Tal, Welf, Erik S, Dean, Kevin M, Zhang, Feijie, Kim, Benjamin B, Tang, Clement Tran, Hu, Michelle, Baird, Michelle A, Davidson, Michael W, Kay, Mark A, Fiolka, Reto, Yasuda, Ryohei, Kim, Douglas S, Ng, Ho-Leung, Lin, Michael Z
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Abstract/Description: Orange-red fluorescent proteins (FPs) are widely used in biomedical research for multiplexed epifluorescence microscopy with GFP-based probes, but their different excitation requirements make multiplexing with new advanced microscopy methods difficult. Separately, orange-red FPs are useful for deep-tissue imaging in mammals owing to the relative tissue transmissibility of orange-red light, but their dependence on illumination limits their sensitivity as reporters in deep tissues. Here we...
Show moreOrange-red fluorescent proteins (FPs) are widely used in biomedical research for multiplexed epifluorescence microscopy with GFP-based probes, but their different excitation requirements make multiplexing with new advanced microscopy methods difficult. Separately, orange-red FPs are useful for deep-tissue imaging in mammals owing to the relative tissue transmissibility of orange-red light, but their dependence on illumination limits their sensitivity as reporters in deep tissues. Here we describe CyOFP1, a bright, engineered, orange-red FP that is excitable by cyan light. We show that CyOFP1 enables single-excitation multiplexed imaging with GFP-based probes in single-photon and two-photon microscopy, including time-lapse imaging in light-sheet systems. CyOFP1 also serves as an efficient acceptor for resonance energy transfer from the highly catalytic blue-emitting luciferase NanoLuc. An optimized fusion of CyOFP1 and NanoLuc, called Antares, functions as a highly sensitive bioluminescent reporter in vivo, producing substantially brighter signals from deep tissues than firefly luciferase and other bioluminescent proteins.
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Date Issued: 2016-07-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27240196, 10.1038/nbt.3550, PMC4942401, 27240196, 27240196, nbt.3550
Format: Citation

Title: Spindly is required for rapid migration of human cells.
Creator: Conte, Claudia, Baird, Michelle A, Davidson, Michael W, Griffis, Eric R
Abstract/Description: Dynein is the sole processive minus-end-directed microtubule motor found in animals. It has roles in cell division, membrane trafficking, and cell migration. Together with dynactin, dynein regulates centrosomal orientation to establish and maintain cell polarity, controls focal adhesion turnover and anchors microtubules at the leading edge. In higher eukaryotes, dynein/dynactin requires additional components such as Bicaudal D to form an active motor complex and for regulating its cellular...
Show moreDynein is the sole processive minus-end-directed microtubule motor found in animals. It has roles in cell division, membrane trafficking, and cell migration. Together with dynactin, dynein regulates centrosomal orientation to establish and maintain cell polarity, controls focal adhesion turnover and anchors microtubules at the leading edge. In higher eukaryotes, dynein/dynactin requires additional components such as Bicaudal D to form an active motor complex and for regulating its cellular localization. Spindly is a protein that targets dynein/dynactin to kinetochores in mitosis and can activate its motility However, no role for Spindly in interphase dynein/dynactin function has been found. We show that Spindly binds to the cell cortex and microtubule tips and colocalizes with dynein/dynactin at the leading edge of migrating U2OS cells and primary fibroblasts. U2OS cells that lack Spindly migrated slower in 2D than control cells, although centrosome polarization appeared to happen properly in the absence of Spindly. Re-expression of Spindly rescues migration, but the expression of a mutant, which is defective for dynactin binding, failed to rescue this defect. Taken together, these data demonstrate that Spindly plays an important role in mediating a subset of dynein/dynactin's function in cell migration.
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Date Issued: 2018-05-29
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29685992, 10.1242/bio.033233, PMC5992534, 29685992, 29685992, bio.033233
Format: Citation

Title: Quantitative assessment of fluorescent proteins.
Creator: Cranfill, Paula J, Sell, Brittney R, Baird, Michelle A, Allen, John R, Lavagnino, Zeno, de Gruiter, H Martijn, Kremers, Gert-Jan, Davidson, Michael W, Ustione, Alessandro,...
Show moreCranfill, Paula J, Sell, Brittney R, Baird, Michelle A, Allen, John R, Lavagnino, Zeno, de Gruiter, H Martijn, Kremers, Gert-Jan, Davidson, Michael W, Ustione, Alessandro, Piston, David W
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Abstract/Description: The advent of fluorescent proteins (FPs) for genetic labeling of molecules and cells has revolutionized fluorescence microscopy. Genetic manipulations have created a vast array of bright and stable FPs spanning blue to red spectral regions. Common to autofluorescent FPs is their tight β-barrel structure, which provides the rigidity and chemical environment needed for effectual fluorescence. Despite the common structure, each FP has unique properties. Thus, there is no single 'best' FP for...
Show moreThe advent of fluorescent proteins (FPs) for genetic labeling of molecules and cells has revolutionized fluorescence microscopy. Genetic manipulations have created a vast array of bright and stable FPs spanning blue to red spectral regions. Common to autofluorescent FPs is their tight β-barrel structure, which provides the rigidity and chemical environment needed for effectual fluorescence. Despite the common structure, each FP has unique properties. Thus, there is no single 'best' FP for every circumstance, and each FP has advantages and disadvantages. To guide decisions about which FP is right for a given application, we have quantitatively characterized the brightness, photostability, pH stability and monomeric properties of more than 40 FPs to enable straightforward and direct comparison between them. We focus on popular and/or top-performing FPs in each spectral region.
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Date Issued: 2016-07-01
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27240257, 10.1038/nmeth.3891, PMC4927352, 27240257, 27240257, nmeth.3891
Format: Citation

Title: Cyclotron decay time of a two-dimensional electron gas from 0.4 to 100 K.
Creator: Curtis, Jeremy A., Tokumoto, Takahisa, Hatke, A. T., Cherian, Judy G., Reno, John L., McGill, Stephen A., Karaiskaj, Denis, Hilton, David J.
Abstract/Description: We have studied the cyclotron decay time of a Landau-quantized two-dimensional electron gas as a function of temperature (0.4-100 K) at a fixed magnetic field (+/- 1.25 T) using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in a gallium arsenide quantum well with a mobility of mu(dc) = 3.6 x 10(6) cm(2) V-1 s(-1) and a carrier concentration of n(s) = 2 x 10(11) cm(-2). We find a cyclotron decay time that is limited by superradiant decay of the cyclotron ensemble and a temperature dependence that may...
Show moreWe have studied the cyclotron decay time of a Landau-quantized two-dimensional electron gas as a function of temperature (0.4-100 K) at a fixed magnetic field (+/- 1.25 T) using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in a gallium arsenide quantum well with a mobility of mu(dc) = 3.6 x 10(6) cm(2) V-1 s(-1) and a carrier concentration of n(s) = 2 x 10(11) cm(-2). We find a cyclotron decay time that is limited by superradiant decay of the cyclotron ensemble and a temperature dependence that may result from both dissipative processes as well as a decrease in n(s) below 1.5K. Shubnikov-de Haas characterization determines a quantum lifetime, tau(q) = 1.1 ps, which is significantly faster than the corresponding dephasing time, tau(s) = 66.4 ps, in our cyclotron data. This is consistent with small-angle scattering as the dominant contribution in this sample, where scattering angles below theta <= 13 degrees. do not efficiently contribute to dephasing. Above 50 K, the cyclotron oscillations show a strong reduction in both the oscillation amplitude and lifetime that result from polar optical phonon scattering.
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Date Issued: 2016-04-29
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000375202600004, 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.155437
Format: Citation

Title: Broadband Ultrafast Terahertz Spectroscopy In The 25 T Split Florida-helix.
Creator: Curtis, Jeremy A., Burch, Ashlyn D., Barman, Biplob, Linn, A. Garrison, McClintock, Luke M., O'Beirne, Aidan L., Stiles, Matthew J., Reno, John L., McGill, Stephen A., Karaiskaj...
Show moreCurtis, Jeremy A., Burch, Ashlyn D., Barman, Biplob, Linn, A. Garrison, McClintock, Luke M., O'Beirne, Aidan L., Stiles, Matthew J., Reno, John L., McGill, Stephen A., Karaiskaj, Denis, Hilton, David J.
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Abstract/Description: We describe the development of a broadband (0.3-10 THz) optical pump-terahertz probe spectrometer with an unprecedented combination of temporal resolution (<= 200 fs) operating in external magnetic fields as high as 25 T using the new Split Florida-Helix magnet system. Using this new instrument, we measure the transient dynamics in a gallium arsenide four-quantum well sample after photoexcitation at 800 nm. Published by AIP Publishing.
Date Issued: 2018-07-01
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000440590200028, 10.1063/1.5023384
Format: Citation

Title: Sensitivity Of T-c To Pressure And Magnetic Field In The Cuprate Superconductor Yba2cu3oy: Evidence Of Charge-order Suppression By Pressure.
Creator: Cyr-Choiniere, O., LeBoeuf, D., Badoux, S., Dufour-Beausejour, S., Bonn, D. A., Hardy, W. N., Liang, R., Graf, D., Doiron-Leyraud, N., Taillefer, Louis
Abstract/Description: Cuprate superconductors have a universal tendency to form charge density-wave (CDW) order which competes with superconductivity and is strongest at a doping p similar or equal to 0.12. Here we show that in the archetypal cuprate YBa2Cu3Oy (YBCO) pressure suppresses charge order but does not affect the pseudogap phase. This is based on transport measurements under pressure, which reveal that the onset of the pseudogap at T* is independent of pressure, while the negative Hall effect, a clear...
Show moreCuprate superconductors have a universal tendency to form charge density-wave (CDW) order which competes with superconductivity and is strongest at a doping p similar or equal to 0.12. Here we show that in the archetypal cuprate YBa2Cu3Oy (YBCO) pressure suppresses charge order but does not affect the pseudogap phase. This is based on transport measurements under pressure, which reveal that the onset of the pseudogap at T* is independent of pressure, while the negative Hall effect, a clear signature of CDW order in YBCO, is suppressed by pressure. We also find that pressure and magnetic field shift the superconducting transition temperature T-c of YBCO in the same way as a function of doping-but in opposite directions-and most effectively at p similar or equal to 0.12. This shows that the competition between superconductivity and CDW order can be tuned in two ways, either by suppressing superconductivity with field or suppressing CDW order by pressure. Based on existing high-pressure data and our own work, we observe that when CDW order is fully suppressed at high pressure, the so-called "1/8 anomaly" in the superconducting dome vanishes, revealing a smooth T-c dome which now peaks at p similar or equal to 0.13. We propose that this T-c dome is shaped by the competing effects of the pseudogap phase below its critical point p* similar to 0.19 and spin order at low doping.
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Date Issued: 2018-08-30
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000443139600006, 10.1103/PhysRevB.98.064513
Format: Citation

Title: Label-Free Relative Quantitation of Isobaric and Isomeric Human Histone H2A and H2B Variants by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Top-Down MS/MS.
Creator: Dang, Xibei, Singh, Amar, Spetman, Brian D, Nolan, Krystal D, Isaacs, Jennifer S, Dennis, Jonathan H, Dalton, Stephen, Marshall, Alan G, Young, Nicolas L
Abstract/Description: Histone variants are known to play a central role in genome regulation and maintenance. However, many variants are inaccessible by antibody-based methods or bottom-up tandem mass spectrometry due to their highly similar sequences. For many, the only tractable approach is with intact protein top-down tandem mass spectrometry. Here, ultra-high-resolution FT-ICR MS and MS/MS yield quantitative relative abundances of all detected HeLa H2A and H2B isobaric and isomeric variants with a label-free...
Show moreHistone variants are known to play a central role in genome regulation and maintenance. However, many variants are inaccessible by antibody-based methods or bottom-up tandem mass spectrometry due to their highly similar sequences. For many, the only tractable approach is with intact protein top-down tandem mass spectrometry. Here, ultra-high-resolution FT-ICR MS and MS/MS yield quantitative relative abundances of all detected HeLa H2A and H2B isobaric and isomeric variants with a label-free approach. We extend the analysis to identify and relatively quantitate 16 proteoforms from 12 sequence variants of histone H2A and 10 proteoforms of histone H2B from three other cell lines: human embryonic stem cells (WA09), U937, and a prostate cancer cell line LaZ. The top-down MS/MS approach provides a path forward for more extensive elucidation of the biological role of many previously unstudied histone variants and post-translational modifications.
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Date Issued: 2016-09-02
Identifier: FSU_pmch_27431976, 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00414, PMC6261780, 27431976, 27431976
Format: Citation

Title: Spin-orbital Excitations In Ca2ruo4 Revealed By Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering.
Creator: Das, L., Forte, F., Fittipaldi, R., Fatuzzo, C. G., Granata, V., Ivashko, O., Horio, M., Schindler, F., Dantz, M., Tseng, Yi, McNally, D. E., Ronnow, H. M., Wan, W., Christensen...
Show moreDas, L., Forte, F., Fittipaldi, R., Fatuzzo, C. G., Granata, V., Ivashko, O., Horio, M., Schindler, F., Dantz, M., Tseng, Yi, McNally, D. E., Ronnow, H. M., Wan, W., Christensen, N. B., Pelliciari, J., Olalde-Velasco, P., Kikugawa, N., Neupert, T., Vecchione, A., Schmitt, T., Cuoco, M., Chang, J.
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Abstract/Description: The strongly correlated insulator Ca2RuO4 is considered as a paradigmatic realization of both spin-orbital physics and a band-Mott insulating phase, characterized by orbitally selective coexistence of a band and a Mott gap. We present a high resolution oxygen K-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering study of the antiferromagnetic Mott insulating state of Ca2RuO4. A set of low-energy (about 80 and 400 meV) and high-energy (about 1.3 and 2.2 eV) excitations are reported, which show strong...
Show moreThe strongly correlated insulator Ca2RuO4 is considered as a paradigmatic realization of both spin-orbital physics and a band-Mott insulating phase, characterized by orbitally selective coexistence of a band and a Mott gap. We present a high resolution oxygen K-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering study of the antiferromagnetic Mott insulating state of Ca2RuO4. A set of low-energy (about 80 and 400 meV) and high-energy (about 1.3 and 2.2 eV) excitations are reported, which show strong incident light polarization dependence. Our results strongly support a spin-orbit coupled band-Mott scenario and explore in detail the nature of its exotic excitations. Guided by theoretical modeling, we interpret the low-energy excitations as a result of composite spin-orbital excitations. Their nature unveils the intricate interplay of crystal-field splitting and spin-orbit coupling in the band-Mott scenario. The high-energy excitations correspond to intra-atomic singlet-triplet transitions at an energy scale set by Hund's coupling. Our findings give a unifying picture of the spin and orbital excitations in the band-Mott insulator Ca2RuO4.
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Date Issued: 2018-03-22
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000428013900001, 10.1103/PhysRevX.8.011048
Format: Citation

Title: High-Frequency/High-Field Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Theoretical Studies of Tryptophan-Based Radicals.
Creator: Davis, Ian, Koto, Teruaki, Terrell, James R, Kozhanov, Alexander, Krzystek, J, Liu, Aimin
Abstract/Description: Tryptophan-based free radicals have been implicated in a myriad of catalytic and electron transfer reactions in biology. However, very few of them have been trapped so that biophysical characterizations can be performed in a high-precision context. In this work, tryptophan derivative-based radicals were studied by high-frequency/high-field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) and quantum chemical calculations. Radicals were generated at liquid nitrogen temperature with a photocatalyst,...
Show moreTryptophan-based free radicals have been implicated in a myriad of catalytic and electron transfer reactions in biology. However, very few of them have been trapped so that biophysical characterizations can be performed in a high-precision context. In this work, tryptophan derivative-based radicals were studied by high-frequency/high-field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR) and quantum chemical calculations. Radicals were generated at liquid nitrogen temperature with a photocatalyst, sacrificial oxidant, and violet laser. The precise g-anisotropies of l- and d-tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-methoxytryptophan, 5-fluorotryptophan, and 7-hydroxytryptophan were measured directly by HFEPR. Quantum chemical calculations were conducted to predict both neutral and cationic radical spectra for comparison with the experimental data. The results indicate that under the experimental conditions, all radicals formed were cationic. Spin densities of the radicals were also calculated. The various line patterns and g-anisotropies observed by HFEPR can be understood in terms of spin-density populations and the positioning of oxygen atom substitution on the tryptophan ring. The results are considered in the light of the tryptophan and 7-hydroxytryptophan diradical found in the biosynthesis of the tryptophan tryptophylquinone cofactor of methylamine dehydrogenase.
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Date Issued: 2018-03-29
Identifier: FSU_pmch_29488750, 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b12434, PMC5876142, 29488750, 29488750
Format: Citation

Title: Persistent Radicals of Self-assembled Benzophenone bis-Urea Macrocycles: Characterization and Application as a Polarizing Agent for Solid-state DNP MAS Spectroscopy..
Creator: DeHaven, Baillie A, Tokarski, John T, Korous, Arthur A, Mentink-Vigier, Frederic, Makris, Thomas M, Brugh, Alexander M, Forbes, Malcolm D E, van Tol, Johan, Bowers, Clifford R,...
Show moreDeHaven, Baillie A, Tokarski, John T, Korous, Arthur A, Mentink-Vigier, Frederic, Makris, Thomas M, Brugh, Alexander M, Forbes, Malcolm D E, van Tol, Johan, Bowers, Clifford R, Shimizu, Linda S
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Abstract/Description: UV-irradiation of a self-assembled benzophenone bis-urea macrocycle generates μm amounts of radicals that persist for weeks under ambient conditions. High-field EPR and variable-temperature X-band EPR studies suggest a resonance stabilized radical pair through H-abstraction. These endogenous radicals were applied as a polarizing agent for magic angle spinning (MAS) dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR enhancement. The field-stepped DNP enhancement profile exhibits a sharp peak with a...
Show moreUV-irradiation of a self-assembled benzophenone bis-urea macrocycle generates μm amounts of radicals that persist for weeks under ambient conditions. High-field EPR and variable-temperature X-band EPR studies suggest a resonance stabilized radical pair through H-abstraction. These endogenous radicals were applied as a polarizing agent for magic angle spinning (MAS) dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR enhancement. The field-stepped DNP enhancement profile exhibits a sharp peak with a maximum enhancement of ϵ =4 superimposed on a nearly constant DNP enhancement of ϵ =2 over a broad field range. This maximum coincides with the high field EPR absorption spectrum, consistent with an Overhauser effect mechanism. DNP enhancement was observed for both the host and guests, suggesting that even low levels of endogenous radicals can facilitate the study of host-guest relationships in the solid-state.
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Date Issued: 2017-06-16
Identifier: FSU_pmch_28423212, 10.1002/chem.201701705, PMC5724385, 28423212, 28423212
Format: Citation

Title: Effects Of Interface Area Density And Solid Solution On The Microhardness Of Cu-nb Microcomposite Wires.
Creator: Deng, Liping, Liu, Zhifeng, Wang, Bingshu, Han, Ke, Xiang, Hongliang
Abstract/Description: Cu-Nb microcomposite wires drawn to different strain values were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The Cu and Nb near the interfaces show a typical Kurdjumov-Sachs relationship with a deviation angle of 12 degrees. This deviation accommodates internal stresses and slip discontinuity between Cu and Nb. The dislocations are mainly stored around the interface near the Cu matrix. Lattice distortion occurred near the interfaces, where Nb is...
Show moreCu-Nb microcomposite wires drawn to different strain values were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The Cu and Nb near the interfaces show a typical Kurdjumov-Sachs relationship with a deviation angle of 12 degrees. This deviation accommodates internal stresses and slip discontinuity between Cu and Nb. The dislocations are mainly stored around the interface near the Cu matrix. Lattice distortion occurred near the interfaces, where Nb is believed to mix into Cu matrix. Microhardness is affected by interface area density as well as by strain-induced lattice distortion, which can produce a supersaturated solid solution.
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Date Issued: Mon Apr 01 00:00:00 ED
Identifier: FSU_libsubv1_wos_000462420900008, 10.1016/j.matchar.2019.02.002
Format: Citation

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